CURRENT Essentials of Critical Care.pdf

Respiratory failure, 56, 83, 86, 105, 109, 192in acute lung injury, 95from arterial hypercapnia, 108fulminant, 66hemoptysis in, 96in HIV-infected patients, 153from neuromuscular disorders, 106nonpulmonary causes of, 108pleural effusions associated with, 88from thoracic cage disorders, 107Respiratory system, during pregnancy, 27Restlessness, 3, 237, 256. See also AgitationRetching, in Boerhaave syndrome, 164. See alsoVomitingRetinal hemorrhagesin hypertensive crisis, 123in leukemia, 279in SAH, 203Retinoic acid syndrome, 279Retinoids, for psoriasis, 264Reye syndrome, ICP monitoring in, 13Rhabdomyolysis, 62, 213diagnosis of, 211in environmental injury, 248, 250in toxicology disorders, 230, 241Rheumatoid arthritis, 141Rhinorrhea, in opioid withdrawal, 237Ribavirin, for rubeola, 272Rickettsia rickettsii, 271Rifampin, 145, 266Right-heart failure, 220Rigors, 290. See also Tremor“Risus sardonicus,” 156Rocky Mountain spotted fever, 271Roth spots, 142Rubeola (measles), 272SSalicylate poisoning, 239Salicylates, and thyroid storm, 186Saline infusion, 60, 61, 66, 207. See also FluidmanagementSaphenous vein bypass grafting, in SVC, 281Satiety, in ascites, 163Scalded appearance, in TEN, 273Scaling, in dermatology disorders, 263Scleroderma, 220Sclerosis, progressive systemic, 220Scorpion bites, 256Secretin test, in pancreatic insufficiency, 172Sedation, 3Sedative-hypnotics, 87, 240Sedatives, 106Seizure prophylaxis, 203, 288Seizures, 198, 242, 250, 254, 256228, 227–230, 233–235, 239, 241–243absence, 198in amniotic fluid embolism, 286in hypocalcemia, 54in hypophosphatemia, 62in infectious disease, 138in meningitis, 133in respiratory alkalosis, 69tonic-clonic, 198, 226Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs),in depression, 9Selenium, in renal failure, 215Sensorium, altered, 133, 207, 240, 255in acute cholangitis, 165altered mental status associated with, 189in infectious disease, 138Sensory deficits, 191, 199Sepsis, 154ARDS associated with, 93catheter-associated, 144in cholangitis, 165and DIC, 261following pregnancy termination, 291urosepsis, 158Septic shock, 78, 154Serum-ascites albumin gradient (SAAG), 163Shingles, 275Shockanaphylactic, 73cardiac compressive, 74cardiogenic, 75in hypovolemia, 64, 76in mitral regurgitation, 125neurogenic, 77septic, 78, 154in septic abortion, 291in toxicology disorders, 232Shortness of breath (SOB), 83, 89, 121, 173Sick euthyroid syndrome, 185Sickle cell anemia, 81Sickle cell disease, 141Sigmoidoscopy, 166, 170, 171Silybin, in mushroom poisoning, 252Sinusitis, 133, 152Skin, 78, 157, 184, 186necrosis, 49, 244, 249in scleroderma, 220in toxicology disorders, 243Sleep apnea, 20, 86Sleep apnea syndrome, obstructive, 87Sloughing, epidermal, 273SLUD syndrome, 238Slurred speech, 234, 251Small-bowel obstruction, 175Smokers, ARDS in, 93Smoking, and SSI, 155Snakebite, 255Snoring, and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome,87Sodiumin ATN, 207in electrolyte imbalances, 59, 60, 62excessively rapid correction of, 60for hypervolemia, 63Sodium restriction, 121, 163, 208Soft tissue infection, necrotizing, 146Somnolence, 57, 65, 87, 184, 193Spasms, in tetanus, 156Spider bites, 256Spinal cord, in neurogenic shock, 77Spinal cord compression, 199, 280Spinal cord injury, 7, 200Spinal epidural abscess, 138Spirometry, for asthma in pregnancy, 287Spironolactone, 66, 121, 163Splenomegaly, in leukemia, 279Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP), 150,163, 209Sputum production, in SCD, 81Sputum smear, in HIV-infected patients, 153Staphylococcal endocarditis, 142Staphylococcus aureus, in intravenous catheterinfection, 144Status asthmaticus, 100, 110Status epilepticus, 198Steatorrhea, 172Stem cell transfusion, 254Stent placement, for large-bowel obstruction, 170Steroidsfor candidiasis, 259topical, 260, 263, 269Steroid therapy. See also Corticosteroids;Glucocorticoidsin inhalation injury, 82in renal disorders, 210for transplant recipients, 28Stevens-Johnson syndrome, 262, 270, 273