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The Ryan White Project Coordinator collaborated with agency representatives<br />

to recruit clients to participate in the focus groups. The focus groups were<br />

moderated by the Ryan White Project Coordinator. An interpreter was<br />

present at two focus group sessions to ensure full engagement of Spanishspeaking<br />

consumer participants. However, no monolingual Spanish<br />

participants were present at any of the four focus groups. Agencies staff were<br />

prohibited from participating in the focus group sessions to encourage full<br />

disclosure of experiences among focus group participants.<br />

Informed consent forms were obtained from each focus group participant prior<br />

to each focus group session. There were both English and Spanish versions of<br />

the informed consent form available to participants. Each focus group session<br />

was audio taped and transcribed verbatim (to the extent possible). Once the<br />

focus group sessions were transcribed the audiotapes were destroyed to protect<br />

the identity of the focus group participants. Focus group participants were<br />

encouraged to comment however they were informed that it was not necessary<br />

to respond to every question.<br />

A thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. Thematic analysis identifies<br />

patterns in the data and organizes and describes the data in detail (Braun &<br />

Clarke, 2006) 1.<br />

It is important to note that focus group results are not<br />

generalizable to the larger population of consumers who receive Ryan White<br />

funded services.<br />

Characteristics of Focus Group Participants<br />

During the 2009 focus groups, several discussion questions focused on<br />

women’s health issues, specifically Pap screenings. For this reason, most<br />

agency staff recruited exclusively from their female client base. However, one<br />

agency did have mostly male participants. The women in this group indicated<br />

they were comfortable discussing women’s health issue questions in a mixed<br />

gender setting. Additionally, there was a mixture of other characteristics<br />

among focus group participants. There were individuals who had been<br />

diagnosed as long as twenty years ago as well as newly diagnosed individuals.<br />

The education and socioeconomic level of participants also varied. For<br />

example, many participants heavily relied on the Ryan White Program for<br />

transportation services while a few reported owning their own vehicles. The<br />

majority of participants were African American. There were several White<br />

participants. Focus groups consisting of representatives from agency<br />

consumer councils/support groups tended to voice their concerns more readily<br />

than others.<br />

1<br />

Braun, V. & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in<br />

Psychology,3, 77-101.<br />

Page 39 of 72

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