Wheat DDGS Feed Guide - Western Canadian Feed Innovation ...

The manufacturing process for wheat DDGS may involve high temperatures which can affect the digestibility
of lysine and other nutrients through the Maillard reaction. Cozannet et al. (2010) showed that energy content,
protein and amino acid digestibility is related to colour as measured by a colour meter and luminance
measurements. A summary of their findings comparing dark versus light is presented in Table 10.
FEEDING STUDIES
Bandegan Kluth Oryschak et al. (2010)
Mean (Range) Mean 15%
Inclusion
30%
Inclusion
Protein 67.0 (64.1 - 71.0) 65.0 72.8 69.4
Arginine 68.2 (63.3 -73.3) 74.0 82.2 80.5
Histidine 63.7 (57.4 – 69.1) -- 76.1 74.4
Isoleucine 68.8 (67.3 -72.4) 63.0 78.3 76.0
Leucine 73.4 (68.8 - 77.0) 65.0 82.8 81.1
Lysine 35.6 (24.4 - 45.7) 73.0 68.2 63.6
Methionine 73.7 (69.3 - 76.4) 70.0 86.5 84.3
Total Sulphur Amino Acids 67.3 (76.0 - 81.6)
Phenylalanine 79.2 (76.0 – 81.6) 71.0 81.8 80.6
Threonine 54.8 (48.2 – 60.9) 61.0 71.9 68.3
Valine 64.7 (58.6 – 69.7) 67.0 79.6 76.3
Several studies have investigated the growth of broiler chickens fed diets incorporating wheat DDGS. Thacker
and Widyaratne (2007) substituted equal parts of wheat and soybean meal with wheat DDGS at 0%, 5%,
10%, 15%, and 20% inclusion levels. An exogenous enzyme, commonly used in wheat-based diets, was
included in all diets. Although no statistical difference in broiler weight gain, feed intake or feed conversion
(feed:gain) was noted between treatments, these authors recommended a maximum inclusion of 15% wheat
DDGS in broiler diets. However, in this study the researchers did not base the formulation on digestible amino
acid content and the numerical trend to reduced performance at the 20% inclusion level is likely a result
of insufficient digestible essential amino acids. In contrast, Métayer et al. (2009) measured the AME and
digestibility of amino acids prior to formulating the diets and reported that growth was not different between
broiler birds fed starter diets containing 0% or 3% wheat DDGS, and grower-finisher diets containing 0%,
10% and 15% wheat DDGS. However, feed intake increased which reduced feed efficiency (gain:feed) by
4% and 5%, respectively, for birds consuming diets containing 10% and 15% wheat DDGS. The authors also
investigated the effect of an exogenous enzyme addition and found that performance was equalized between
birds consuming 15% wheat DDGS and enzyme, and birds consuming the diet containing 10% wheat DDGS.
Oryschak et al. (2010) reported that inclusion of wheat DDGS at 5% or 10% in broiler diets (0-42 days) had no
effect on body weight, feed intake, feed efficiency (gain:feed), breast weight or yield.
In a study designed to determine the AMEn of DDGS samples, average daily gain decreased when wheat DDGS was
incorporated into broiler and turkey diets at 25%, but feed intake was not affected in either poultry type (Cozannet
et al. 2010). The diets were not formulated to meet digestible amino acid requirements and this may account for the
reduction in average daily gain. Vilariño (2007) reported a slight reduction in feed intake (1.9%) in broilers consuming
diets containing 10% wheat DDGS. The reduction in feed intake was significant (5.4%) in birds consuming diets
containing 20% wheat DDGS, which resulted in a significant decrease in final body weight. The authors (Vilariño et
al. 2007) noted a difference in feed conversion in the first 10 days of the experiment and attributed this effect to an
overestimation of the digestible lysine content during the formulation of the diets. The feed conversion ratio of broilers
consuming control, 10% and 20% wheat DDGS treatments were 1.43, 1.56 and 1.61, respectively.
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POULTRY DIETS