Wheat DDGS Feed Guide - Western Canadian Feed Innovation ...

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SWINE DIETS CARCASS qUALITy Feeding high levels of corn DDGS in finishing pig diets has been shown to reduce backfat hardness so as a result some have suggested limiting amounts in the finishing diet (Beltranena and Zijlstra, 2010). However, feeding wheat DDGS has not been shown to have the same impact on carcass quality and therefore it can be used at higher levels in finishing pig diets (Beltranena and Zijlstra, 2010). The reduction in backfat hardness when feeding corn DDGS is attributed to the high levels of polyunsaturated fat in the oil. Both corn and wheat germ oil contain large quantities of polyunsaturated fatty acids, but the total fat content of wheat DDGS is markedly less than corn DDGS (5.4 vs 13.6%) so the impact of wheat DDGS on carcass quality is relatively minor. SUMMARy Wheat DDGS is a co-product that can potentially be used as a feed ingredient in swine diets. To properly characterize wheat DDGS, samples should be evaluated for digestible or available energy and amino acid content. Energy and amino acid values can be predicted using protein, lipid and fibre content (detergent fractions). In addition, a measure of protein content of the acid detergent fibre fraction might provide valuable information regarding amino acid availability. Growth performance can be maintained if wheat DDGS is of good and known quality and diets are formulated to an equal energy and amino acid profile. Published studies to date indicate that the inclusion of wheat DDGS in nursery and grower/finisher formulations should be limited to 10% and 20%, respectively. Fibre content of wheat DDGS will increase the size of viscera, thereby reducing dressing percentage. Feeding corn DDGS reduces backfat hardness but wheat DDGS has a relatively small impact on carcass quality due to the lower fat content of the product and can therefore be used in higher quantities than corn DDGS in the finishing diet. The energy value of wheat DDGS is less than wheat. Formulation values for digestible energy content vary but range between 13.4 (Nyachoti et al. 2005) and 14.6 MJ/kg (Cozannet et al. 2010) for growing pigs. The availability of amino acids, particularly lysine, is dependent on processing conditions, especially during drying. A weak link exists with colour, with darker wheat DDGS having decreased lysine availability. 28
Wheat DDGS In Aquaculture Diets Limited information is available on feeding wheat DDGS to aquaculture species. Hilton and Slinger (1986) demonstrated that it is feasible to use 10% corn DDGS in rainbow trout diets. However, as a salmonid species which, like other carnivorous fish, require high levels of protein and fat and have little to no capacity to digest fibre, corn DDGS is only marginally feasible as it contains high levels of fibre and only modest levels of protein and fat. Wheat DDGS contains significantly higher levels of protein but less fat and more fibre than corn DDGS, limiting its use in salmonid diets. Randall and Drew (2010) fractionated wheat DDGS, based on particle size, and found that the fine components of the product are elevated in protein (43.2% vs 37.2% as fed basis) and contained less neutral detergent fibre (21.6% vs 27.12% as fed basis), rendering the product more suitable for salmonid diets. The digestibility of the energy and dry matter of the fine fractions of wheat DDGS (83% and 79%, respectively) were higher than in the starting material (75% and 66%, respectively) and were similar in composition and digestibility to that of soybean meal. Further improvements in the nutritive value of wheat DDGS were obtained through aqueous extraction of protein from wet wheat distillers grains (WWDG). This method has the advantage of performing all fractionation steps on WWDG before the drying process. Therefore, no additional drying costs are incurred in the production of this product. This process increased the protein content of WWDG from 43.2-68.5% and decreased nonstarch polysaccharides from 27.2-8.1%. The product also had significantly increased the apparent digestibility coefficients for dry matter, gross energy and acid ether extract (P < 0.05) when fed to rainbow trout. The addition of this product at up to 30% of the diet did not decrease the growth performance of rainbow trout. Wheat DDGS may be added to salmonid diets at low levels but fractionation prior to feeding offers significant benefits nutritionally and makes it more practical as an aquaculture feed. 29 AQUACULTURE DIETS
Page 1 and 2: 1st Edition, 2011 Feed Guide
Page 3 and 4: Introduction The Canadian biofuels
Page 5 and 6: Wheat DDGS - Processing Producing h
Page 7 and 8: SACCHARIFICATION AND FERMENTATION T
Page 9 and 10: Wheat DDGS - Nutrient Composition T
Page 11 and 12: Ethanol plants in Canada commonly u
Page 13 and 14: The calcium (Ca):phosphorus (P) rat
Page 15 and 16: FINISHING A beef finishing feedlot
Page 17 and 18: As discussed previously, the oil co
Page 19 and 20: The impact that ruminant production
Page 21 and 22: TABLE 7. Composition of wheat DDGS
Page 23 and 24: The manufacturing process for wheat
Page 25 and 26: Wheat DDGS In Swine Diets Ethanol c
Page 27: AMINO ACID DIGESTIBILITy The standa
Page 31 and 32: Dugan, M.E.R., N. Aldai, J.K.G. Kra
Page 33 and 34: Walter, L.J., T.A. McAllister, W.Z.
Page 35 and 36: DM basis 100% Wheat DDGS 70% Wheat

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