Revisions to <strong>the</strong> Fall 1994 IssueTable 2.-Form 990EZ Returns <strong>of</strong> Organizations Tax-Exempt Under <strong>Internal</strong> <strong>Revenue</strong> Code Sections501 (c)(3)-(9): Selected Income Statement and Balance Sheet Items, by Code Section-ContinuedEAU fiQures are estimates based on samples-money amounts are in thousands <strong>of</strong> dollars]Item501 (c)(3)501 (c)(4)Organizations tax-exempt under <strong>Internal</strong> <strong>Revenue</strong> Code section-501 (c)(5)501 (c)(6)501 (c)(7)501 (c)(8)501 (c)(9)(3)(4)(5)(6)Total expenses:Number <strong>of</strong> returns, .......................................................AmounL.................27,0651,208,2847,338277,3956,437339,4824,415233,1073,704148,8981,90065,736Grants paid:Number <strong>of</strong> returns .....................................................Amount ......................................................................Benefits paid to or for members:Number <strong>of</strong> returns .....................................................AmountSalaries and compensation: ..........Number <strong>of</strong> returns .....................................................Amount......................................................................Pr<strong>of</strong>essional fees:Number <strong>of</strong> returns .....................................................Amount......................................................................Occupancy, rent, and utilities:Number <strong>of</strong> returns.....................................................Amount......................................................................9,039155,7991.80814,37712.3963D3,30514,669100,77016,476139,6573,89149,3151,10422,3161,84024,4503,03918,5912,99225,7072,34539,3212,64529,4295,32091,3183,80710,4574.10922,2111,3856,88967210,8881,72932,5223,17424.8672,17210.4778034,5124737,5891,29919,0401.9866,7692,87641,7051,3108.7406036,3351.0836,0617216011,47012,30433015,1811712,0901581,D6143157Printing, publications, and postage:-Number<strong>of</strong> ret s..........................................Amount......................................................................O<strong>the</strong>r expenses:,Number <strong>of</strong> returns.....................................................Amount......................................................................21-1693-81,71525,567412,644,-41308-11,5976,150135,147-31672-27,0844,158126,37821544-6,5903,31762,6921-.513-3,4281,61428,2673911594,015Excess (deficit) <strong>of</strong> revenue over expenses:Number <strong>of</strong> returns........................................ ........._iniou_ft ......... .................................... ................... ..... ...........27,013-1-05-,20-5-7,4391-6"_81' -96,4377_,39_90__41415.12,529-3,747--11,05411 9004,1!i2l3731,2,4Excludes private foundations and most religious organizations.NOTE: Detail may not add to totals because <strong>of</strong>, rounding and processing tolerances.8
Individual Income Tax Returns, PreliminaryData, 1993byTherese M. CrucianoPreliminary data show that taxpayers filed 114.6million U.S. individual income tax returns for TaxYear 1993, an increase <strong>of</strong> 0.8 million returns, or0.7 percent, from <strong>the</strong> number filed for 1992. Adjustedgross income less deficit (AGI) increased a modest 2.3percent, to more than $3.7 trillion, compared to <strong>the</strong> 4.8percent increase between 1991 and 1992. Taxable incomealso rose a moderate 2.2 percent to over $2.4 trillion.In contrast, total income tax increased 5.3 percent,from $476.0 billion for 1992 to $501.2 billion for 1993.A substantial portion <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> increase in income tax wasreported by high-income taxpayers, mainly as <strong>the</strong> result <strong>of</strong><strong>the</strong> new 36 percent and 39.6 percent marginal tax ratesfirst effective for 1993 (31 percent was <strong>the</strong> highest rate for1992), as well as <strong>the</strong> increased alternative minimum taxrates <strong>of</strong> 26 percent and 28 percent (24 percent was <strong>the</strong>only rate for 1992). However, taxpayers affected by <strong>the</strong>new marginal tax rates for 1993 were permitted to deferpayment <strong>of</strong> two-thirds <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> tax owed that was in excess<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> tax that would have been owed at <strong>the</strong> previous 31percent rate. An estimated 640,000 taxpayers elected touse this deferral. While <strong>the</strong> average tax rate increased1.6 percentage points for individuals with AGI <strong>of</strong>$100,000 or more, <strong>the</strong> average tax rate for those individualswith AGI under $100,000 declined 0.1 percentagepoints.During 1993, <strong>the</strong> consumer price index (CPI-U) grewat an annual rate <strong>of</strong> 3.0 percent, <strong>the</strong> same rate <strong>of</strong> growth asfor 1992 [1]. The growth <strong>of</strong> both aggregate AGI andaggregate salaries and wages was less than <strong>the</strong> rate <strong>of</strong>inflation. The moderate growth in AGI reflected modestgains in a number <strong>of</strong> income items. Salaries and wages,<strong>the</strong> principal portion <strong>of</strong> adjusted gross income, grew by2.8 percent, or one-half <strong>the</strong> 1992 rate. However, someo<strong>the</strong>r items did show significant increases for 1993: netcapital gain (less loss) rose 21.4 percent; and partnershipand S Corporation net income (less loss) increased 8.8percent. Still o<strong>the</strong>rs showed large declines for 1993,including a 19.8-percent decrease in taxable interest, anda 12.4-percent decline in unemployment compensation.The foreign tax credit rose 16.0 percent, while <strong>the</strong> totalearned income credit increased 19.1 percent from 1992.The comparisons <strong>of</strong> data for Tax Years 1992 and 1993in this article are based on <strong>the</strong> preliminary estimates forboth years [2]. A few income and tax items tend to beunderstated in preliminary estimates; <strong>the</strong>refore, comparisonsbased on preliminary estimates for one year and finalTherese M. Cruciano is an economist with <strong>the</strong> IndividualReturns Analysis Section, JeffHartzok, Chiefestimate§ from previous years could be misleading. Comparisonsbased entirely on preliminary estimates reduce<strong>the</strong> likelihood <strong>of</strong> misinterpretation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> data, and afford amore accurate representation <strong>of</strong> year-to-year change.Final statistics for Tax Year 1992 are available in <strong>the</strong>historical tables at <strong>the</strong> end <strong>of</strong> this issue <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Bulletin.Adjusted Gross Income, Taxable Income, and TotalIncome TaxAGI grew at a slightly higher annual rate than taxableincome, 2.3 percent for 1993 (Figure A) versus 2.2percent for 1992. Total income tax, however, rose by 5.3percent, reflecting increases primarily due to <strong>the</strong> new 36percent and 39.6 percent marginal tax rates for highincomereturns. The alternative minimum tax (AMT), on<strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r hand, rose 53.9 percent. Most <strong>of</strong> this increaseapparently resulted from <strong>the</strong> increase in <strong>the</strong> basic alternativeminimum tax rate from 24 percent to 26 percent and<strong>the</strong> imposition <strong>of</strong> a new 28 percent tax on alternativeminimum taxable income in excess <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> first $175,000($87,500 if married filing separately).Average AGI reported on 1993 individual income taxreturns was $32,489, representing a growth <strong>of</strong> $494, or 1.5percent, over <strong>the</strong> amount for 1992; in contrast, averageAGI for 1992 grewIncome tax increased 5.3$1,788 to $31,995, or apercent to S501.2 billion. A 5.9 percent increase fromsubstantial portion <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> 1991. Average taxableincrease was due to highincometaxpayers subject to $26,961, up $594 (or 2.3income for 1993 equaledpercent) from <strong>the</strong> 1992<strong>the</strong> new 36 percent and 39.6amount <strong>of</strong> $26,367,percent marginal tax rates.which showed a growth<strong>of</strong> $1,779 (or 7.2 percent)over <strong>the</strong> amount for 199 1. In addition, average totalincome tax for 1993 grew $319 (or 5.8 percent), to $5,796per taxable return (i.e., a return showing an amount fortotal income tax liability), in contrast to <strong>the</strong> $439 increase(or 8.7 percent) to $5,477 per taxable return for 1992 [3].The average tax rate for 1993 (i.e., total income taxdivided by AGI reported on all returns, taxable andnontaxable) was 13.5 percent, 0.4 percentage points morethan for 1992 (Figure B). However, all income sizeclasses with AGI less than $100,000 had average tax ratesslightly less for 1993 than for 1992, while <strong>the</strong> average taxrate for returns with AGI between $100,000 and $200,000increased only 0. 1 percent. Therefore, <strong>the</strong> higher overalltax rate for 1993 was essentially used by <strong>the</strong> individualsin <strong>the</strong> AGI size classes <strong>of</strong> $200,000 or more. The principalreasons for <strong>the</strong> higher average tax rates at <strong>the</strong> upperend <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> income scale were <strong>the</strong> addition <strong>of</strong> two new9
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