GNU Octave - Local Sector 7 web page

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Copyright c○ 1996, 1997 John W. Eaton.This is the third edition of the Octave documentation, and is consistent with version 2.1.xof Octave.Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this manual provided thecopyright notice and this permission notice are preserved on all copies.Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this manual under the conditionsfor verbatim copying, provided that the entire resulting derived work is distributedunder the terms of a permission notice identical to this one.Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual into another language,under the same conditions as for modified versions.Portions of this document have been adapted from the gawk, readline, gcc, and C librarymanuals, published by the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor,Boston, MA 02110-1301–1307, USA.
iTable of ContentsPreface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1How You Can Contribute to Octave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 A Brief Introduction to Octave . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.1 Running Octave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.2 Simple Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Creating a Matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Matrix Arithmetic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Solving Linear Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Integrating Differential Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Producing Graphical Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Editing What You Have Typed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Help and Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.3 Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.3.1 Fonts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.3.2 Evaluation Notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.3.3 Printing Notation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91.3.4 Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91.3.5 Format of Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91.3.5.1 A Sample Function Description . . . . . . . . . 91.3.5.2 A Sample Command Description . . . . . . . 101.3.5.3 A Sample Variable Description . . . . . . . . . 112 Getting Started. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132.1 Invoking Octave. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132.1.1 Command Line Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132.1.2 Startup Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152.2 Quitting Octave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162.3 Commands for Getting Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162.4 Command Line Editing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182.4.1 Cursor Motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182.4.2 Killing and Yanking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192.4.3 Commands For Changing Text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192.4.4 Letting Readline Type For You . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202.4.5 Commands For Manipulating The History . . . . . . . 202.4.6 Customizing readline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222.4.7 Customizing the Prompt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222.4.8 Diary and Echo Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232.5 How Octave Reports Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242.6 Executable Octave Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252.7 Comments in Octave Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Page 1: GNU OctaveA high-level interactive
Page 5 and 6: 10 Expressions . . . . . . . . . .
Page 7 and 8: 19 Arithmetic . . . . . . . . . . .
Page 9 and 10: Appendix A Tips and Standards . . .
Page 11 and 12: Preface 1PrefaceOctave was original
Page 13 and 14: Preface 3• Tony Richardson richar
Page 15 and 16: Chapter 1: A Brief Introduction to
Page 23 and 24: Chapter 2: Getting Started 132 Gett
Page 25 and 26: Chapter 2: Getting Started 15argvBu
Page 27 and 28: Chapter 2: Getting Started 17helpCo
Page 29 and 30: Chapter 2: Getting Started 19clc ()
Page 31 and 32: Chapter 2: Getting Started 21C-rC-s
Page 33 and 34: Chapter 2: Getting Started 23‘\h
Page 35 and 36: Chapter 2: Getting Started 25Anothe
Page 37 and 38: Chapter 2: Getting Started 27usage:
Page 39 and 40: Chapter 3: Data Types 293 Data Type
Page 41 and 42: Chapter 3: Data Types 31size (a, n)
Page 43 and 44: Chapter 4: Numeric Data Types 334 N
Page 45 and 46: Chapter 4: Numeric Data Types 35war
Page 47 and 48: Chapter 4: Numeric Data Types 37Emp
Page 49 and 50: Chapter 5: Strings 395 StringsA str
Page 51 and 52: Chapter 5: Strings 41string fill ch
Page 53 and 54:
Chapter 5: Strings 435.3 String Con
Page 55 and 56:
Chapter 5: Strings 45toupper (s)Bui
Page 57 and 58:
Chapter 6: Data Structures 476 Data
Page 59 and 60:
Chapter 6: Data Structures 49octave
Page 61 and 62:
Chapter 7: Containers 517 Container
Page 63 and 64:
Chapter 8: I/O Streams 538 I/O Stre
Page 65 and 66:
Chapter 9: Variables 559 VariablesV
Page 67 and 68:
Chapter 9: Variables 57persistent p
Page 69 and 70:
Chapter 9: Variables 59exist (name,
Page 71 and 72:
Chapter 9: Variables 61default_save
Page 73 and 74:
Chapter 9: Variables 63warn_divide_
Page 75 and 76:
Chapter 10: Expressions 6510 Expres
Page 77 and 78:
Chapter 10: Expressions 67sqrt (arg
Page 79 and 80:
Chapter 10: Expressions 69x - ySubt
Page 81 and 82:
Chapter 10: Expressions 7110.5.1 El
Page 83 and 84:
Chapter 10: Expressions 73z = 1Afte
Page 85 and 86:
Chapter 10: Expressions 75++x--xThi
Page 87 and 88:
Chapter 11: Evaluation 7711 Evaluat
Page 89 and 90:
Chapter 12: Statements 7912 Stateme
Page 91 and 92:
Chapter 12: Statements 81warn assig
Page 93 and 94:
Chapter 12: Statements 83while (con
Page 95 and 96:
Chapter 12: Statements 85for [ val,
Page 97 and 98:
Chapter 12: Statements 87# print el
Page 99 and 100:
Chapter 12: Statements 89For contin
Page 101 and 102:
Chapter 13: Functions and Script Fi
Page 103 and 104:
Page 105 and 106:
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115 and 116:
Chapter 14: Error Handling 10514 Er
Page 117 and 118:
Chapter 15: Debugging 10715 Debuggi
Page 119 and 120:
Chapter 16: Input and Output 10916
Page 121 and 122:
Chapter 16: Input and Output 111for
Page 123 and 124:
Chapter 16: Input and Output 113bit
Page 125 and 126:
Chapter 16: Input and Output 115-ma
Page 127 and 128:
Chapter 16: Input and Output 117The
Page 129 and 130:
Chapter 16: Input and Output 119‘
Page 131 and 132:
Chapter 16: Input and Output 121Thi
Page 133 and 134:
Chapter 16: Input and Output 123‘
Page 135 and 136:
Chapter 16: Input and Output 12516.
Page 137 and 138:
Chapter 16: Input and Output 127max
Page 139 and 140:
Chapter 16: Input and Output 129[nr
Page 141 and 142:
Chapter 16: Input and Output 131Con
Page 143 and 144:
Chapter 16: Input and Output 133SEE
Page 145 and 146:
Chapter 17: Plotting 13517 Plotting
Page 147 and 148:
Chapter 17: Plotting 137hold argsBu
Page 149 and 150:
Chapter 17: Plotting 13917.2 Specia
Page 151 and 152:
Chapter 17: Plotting 141‘#’ Set
Page 153 and 154:
Chapter 17: Plotting 14317.5 Multip
Page 155 and 156:
Chapter 17: Plotting 145The express
Page 157 and 158:
Chapter 17: Plotting 147Note that N
Page 159 and 160:
Chapter 18: Matrix Manipulation 149
Page 161 and 162:
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
Page 171 and 172:
Page 173 and 174:
Chapter 19: Arithmetic 16319 Arithm
Page 175 and 176:
Chapter 19: Arithmetic 165min (x, y
Page 177 and 178:
Chapter 19: Arithmetic 16719.3 Trig
Page 179 and 180:
Chapter 19: Arithmetic 16919.4 Sums
Page 181 and 182:
Chapter 19: Arithmetic 171beta (a,
Page 183 and 184:
Chapter 19: Arithmetic 173[x, y] =
Page 185 and 186:
Chapter 20: Linear Algebra 17520 Li
Page 187 and 188:
Chapter 20: Linear Algebra 177If a
Page 189 and 190:
Chapter 20: Linear Algebra 179q =r
Page 191 and 192:
Chapter 20: Linear Algebra 181size
Page 193 and 194:
Chapter 20: Linear Algebra 183kron
Page 195 and 196:
Chapter 21: Nonlinear Equations 185
Page 197 and 198:
Chapter 22: Quadrature 18722 Quadra
Page 199 and 200:
Chapter 23: Differential Equations
Page 201 and 202:
Page 203 and 204:
Page 205 and 206:
Page 207 and 208:
Page 209 and 210:
Chapter 24: Optimization 19924 Opti
Page 211 and 212:
Chapter 25: Statistics 20125 Statis
Page 213 and 214:
Chapter 25: Statistics 203var (x)Fu
Page 215 and 216:
Chapter 25: Statistics 205moment (x
Page 217 and 218:
Chapter 25: Statistics 207[pval, ch
Page 219 and 220:
Chapter 25: Statistics 209kolmogoro
Page 221 and 222:
Chapter 25: Statistics 211[pval, t,
Page 223 and 224:
Chapter 25: Statistics 213[pval, z]
Page 225 and 226:
Chapter 25: Statistics 215binomial
Page 227 and 228:
Chapter 25: Statistics 217exponenti
Page 229 and 230:
Chapter 25: Statistics 219hypergeom
Page 231 and 232:
Chapter 25: Statistics 221normal cd
Page 233 and 234:
Chapter 25: Statistics 223t cdf (x,
Page 235 and 236:
Chapter 26: Financial Functions 225
Page 237 and 238:
Chapter 27: Sets 22727 SetsOctave h
Page 239 and 240:
Chapter 28: Polynomial Manipulation
Page 241 and 242:
Chapter 28: Polynomial Manipulation
Page 243 and 244:
Chapter 29: Control Theory 23329 Co
Page 245 and 246:
Chapter 29: Control Theory 23529.1.
Page 247 and 248:
Chapter 29: Control Theory 237outli
Page 249 and 250:
Chapter 29: Control Theory 239nnzst
Page 251 and 252:
Chapter 29: Control Theory 241[zer,
Page 253 and 254:
Chapter 29: Control Theory 243Examp
Page 255 and 256:
Chapter 29: Control Theory 245A mat
Page 257 and 258:
Chapter 29: Control Theory 247clstu
Page 259 and 260:
Chapter 29: Control Theory 249_____
Page 261 and 262:
Chapter 29: Control Theory 251dsysa
Page 263 and 264:
Chapter 29: Control Theory 253retsy
Page 265 and 266:
Chapter 29: Control Theory 25529.5
Page 267 and 268:
Chapter 29: Control Theory 257dlyap
Page 269 and 270:
Chapter 29: Control Theory 25929.6
Page 271 and 272:
Chapter 29: Control Theory 261retva
Page 273 and 274:
Chapter 29: Control Theory 263sysef
Page 275 and 276:
Chapter 29: Control Theory 265d2c (
Page 277 and 278:
Chapter 29: Control Theory 267[y, t
Page 279 and 280:
Chapter 29: Control Theory 269absys
Page 281 and 282:
Chapter 29: Control Theory 271siso
Page 283 and 284:
Chapter 29: Control Theory 273[k, p
Page 285 and 286:
Chapter 29: Control Theory 275gmaxg
Page 287 and 288:
Chapter 29: Control Theory 277syssi
Page 289 and 290:
Chapter 29: Control Theory 279[rlda
Page 291 and 292:
Chapter 29: Control Theory 281[a, b
Page 293 and 294:
Chapter 30: Signal Processing 28330
Page 295 and 296:
Chapter 30: Signal Processing 285wh
Page 297 and 298:
Chapter 30: Signal Processing 287[1
Page 299 and 300:
Chapter 30: Signal Processing 289hu
Page 301 and 302:
Chapter 31: Image Processing 29131
Page 303 and 304:
Chapter 31: Image Processing 293hsv
Page 305 and 306:
Chapter 32: Audio Processing 29532
Page 307 and 308:
Chapter 33: Quaternions 29733 Quate
Page 309 and 310:
Chapter 34: System Utilities 29934
Page 311 and 312:
Chapter 34: System Utilities 301asc
Page 313 and 314:
Chapter 34: System Utilities 303eti
Page 315 and 316:
Chapter 34: System Utilities 305[er
Page 317 and 318:
Chapter 34: System Utilities 307fnm
Page 319 and 320:
Chapter 34: System Utilities 309in
Page 321 and 322:
Chapter 34: System Utilities 311[er
Page 323 and 324:
Chapter 34: System Utilities 31334.
Page 325 and 326:
Chapter 34: System Utilities 315isi
Page 327 and 328:
Appendix A: Tips and Standards 317A
Page 329 and 330:
Appendix A: Tips and Standards 319
Page 331 and 332:
Appendix A: Tips and Standards 321i
Page 333 and 334:
Appendix B: Known Causes of Trouble
Page 335 and 336:
Page 337 and 338:
Page 339 and 340:
Appendix C: Installing Octave 329Ap
Page 341 and 342:
Appendix C: Installing Octave 331On
Page 343 and 344:
Appendix C: Installing Octave 333gc
Page 345 and 346:
Appendix D: Emacs Octave Support 33
Page 347 and 348:
Page 349 and 350:
Page 351 and 352:
Page 353 and 354:
Appendix E: Grammar 343Appendix E G
Page 355 and 356:
Appendix F: GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICE
Page 357 and 358:
Page 359 and 360:
Page 361 and 362:
Concept Index 351Concept Index#‘#
Page 363 and 364:
Concept Index 353Iif statement . .
Page 365 and 366:
Variable Index 355Variable IndexAan
Page 367 and 368:
Function Index 357Function Index(([
Page 369 and 370:
Function Index 359errorbar . . . .
Page 371 and 372:
Function Index 361isnumeric . . . .
Page 373 and 374:
Function Index 363qzval . . . . . .
Page 375 and 376:
Function Index 365vertcat. . . . .
Page 377 and 378:
Operator Index 367Operator Index!!.
show all

GNU Octave - Local Sector 7 web page

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?