Water Current Turbines for River Applications - Alaska Energy ...

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WCT EvaluationNRCan-06-01071Cross-axis turbines are better in that one or more blades will usually be in lift position even at zerospeed. Depending on the technology, roughly 1.0 to 2.5 knots is the start-up speed for WCT. Once upand running the turbine can usually operate below this start-up speed.Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) Modeling: new software simulation tools that can create avirtual model of a waterway, or turbine, and predict the behavior of the water flow through it. For rivermodeling, the operator can alter flow regimes, stage levels of upstream and downstream reservoirs, andadd in manmade structures such as WCT turbines. Use of such systems may allow WCT resourceanalysts to determine WCT performance in a given river within hours at the desk instead of months inthe field.Run-of-River: used to describe hydropower projects in which the flow rate entering an impoundmentequals the flow rate leaving the impoundment in real time. In other words, the water level in theimpoundment remains constant. Run-of-river projects are often used for micro-hydro on steep slopes,where a small impoundment or natural rock weir acts to divert a portion of the flow through a penstockpipe which runs down the hill to the turbine. Sometimes WCT’s are called Run-of-River technologies,but this can be confusing.Tip Speed Ratio (TSR): the ratio of the velocity at the tip of the turbine blade over the velocity of thewater. Turbines employing hydrodynamic lifting surfaces (hydrofoils) such as axial flow and cross-axisturbines will have TSR’s greater than 1.0 and are more efficient. WCT’s that employ impulseblade/buckets such as paddlewheels will have TSR’s less than 1.0 and are less efficient.Unconventional Hydropower Technology: unconventional turbine designs are developed for lowpower (< 1 MW) and low head (< 30 feet); free-flow turbines, and micro hydropower. There are threegeneral types of unconventional hydropower systems: (1) elevation-drop systems; (2) free-flowingriver/streams; and (3) micro hydropower projects. An elevation-drop hydropower system is defined asany arrangement that uses a dam or natural drops. Free-flowing systems use the kinetic energy from thewater in motion. Micro hydropower sites are 100 kW or less. Micro hydro plants can utilize low headsor high heads.Verdant Power Canada ULC 44
WCT EvaluationNRCan-06-01071Appendix 2 - Developer Contact InformationCompany Website Contact informationAlternative Hydro www.althydrosolutions.comStephen Gregory, M.A.Sc., P.Eng., PresidentSolutions Ltd.Alternative Hydro Solutions Ltd.323 Richmond Street East, Suite 421Toronto, Ontario M5A 4S7CANADATel: 416.368.5813Mobile: 416.570.5813sdgregory@althydrosolutions.comAtlantis EnergyBlue Energy CanadaIncBosch Aerospacehttp://www.atlantisenergy.biz(website under construction at time of writing)www.bluenergy.comjboschma@islinc.com(no technology specific webpage available)Mick Perry,Atlantis Energy Ltd, Level 1,247 River Street, MacLean,NSW 2463AustraliaMartin Burger, President and CEOBox 29068, 1950 West BroadwayVancouver, BC V6J 1Z0CANADATel: 604-682-2583General Info: inform@bluenergy.comMartin Burger: mjb@bluenergy.comLTC (R) James H. BoschmaBosch Aerospace, Inc.205 Lawler DriveBrownsboro, AL 35741USATel: 256-852-5033CLEAN CURRENT www.cleancurrent.com Dr. Stephen Allison, President(website under construction at time of writing)1025 Belmont AvenueNorth Vancouver, BC V7R 1K3CANADATel: (604) 924 9749sva@aquaconsult.orgCooper Union ahmad@cooper.edu(Arnold CooperHydropower Systems) (no technology specific webpage available)Eco Hydro Energy Ltd www.ecohydroenergy.netDr. Jameel AhmadChairman, Dept of EngineeringThe Cooper Union for the Advancement ofScience and Art51 Astor PlaceNew York, NY 10003-7185USATel: 212-353-4294Vancouver, BCCANADAinfo@ecohydroenergy.netVerdant Power Canada ULC 45
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