Abstract Book

Columbia that accounts for electricity imported and exported to the province are
presented. The wide range of literature values available are compared to intensities
calculated for the life cycle inventory. Limitations of solely using a life cycle inventory
approach to compare different waste management scenarios are discussed.
Cost-efficient Reduction Of Population Exposure Caused By Primary PM2.5
Emissions In Finland (66)
N. Karvosenoja, 1 K. Kupiainen, 1 V. Paunu, 1 M. Savolahti, 1 A. Tohka, 1 L. Kangas, 2 J.
Kukkonen, 2 J. T. Tuomisto 3 ; 1 Finnish Environment Institute, Helsinki, Finland, 2 Finnish
Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland, 3 National Institute for Health and Welfare,
Kuopio, Finland
Ambient concentrations of fine particles (PM2.5) are caused by both long-range
transported (LRT) air pollution and local emission sources. European level PM2.5 studies,
e.g. GAINS modeling in the CAFÉ programme, assess mainly the impacts of LRT. This
study focuses on the impacts of primary PM2.5 emissions from Finnish sources.
We present emission estimate from 1984 to 2007, and the projections for 2020 taking into
account the national climate mitigation strategy. Additional emission reduction potentials
and costs on top of the requirements of current legislation in 2020 are evaluated. The
emissions and dispersion of primary PM2.5 are computed on a 1 km horizontal resolution
using the Finnish Regional Emission Scenario (FRES) model that incorporates sourcereceptor
matrices (SRMs) based on model computations with the local scale UDM-FMI
dispersion model. Cost-efficiency of emission reductions are assessed from population
exposure point of view.
The most significant sectors causing population exposure in 2020 are non-exhaust
emissions of road traffic and supplementary wood heating. Furthermore, emission
reductions in these sectors are challenging both technically and from legislation setting
point of view. Largest emission reduction potentials occur in industry and energy
production sectors, however, only modest reductions in population exposure could be
achieved by enhancing primary PM emission controls in these sectors.
The study highlighted the main emission sources of primary PM2.5 contributing to
population exposure in Finland. The results support the focusing of future air pollution
abatement strategies in order to limit the undesired impacts on human health.
Baseline Study Of The Impact Of Lead Smelters In Egypt From 1998 To 2009 (83)
Z. Safar, 1 M. W. Labib 2 ; 1 Cairo University- Faculty of Engineering, Giza, Egypt,
2 Climate Change Central Department, Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA),
Egypt
This paper discusses major sources of lead emissions in the Greater Cairo (GC) area ,
which includes lead smelters, Mazout (heavy fuel oil) combustion, lead manufacturing
batteries factories, copper foundries, and cement factories.
This paper describes the current lead emissions inventory (2005-2009), along with an
approach to develop site specific emission factors and measurements to validate the
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