intermittent and continuous ATP 101119 - irse.nl

• signal aspects• point settings• positions of level crossing barriers• emergency stop (controlled by the interlocking system).Each change of these data, especially any change of the signals and the levelcrossing barriers, has to be forwarded to the computer with as little delay as possible.If the channels of the interlocking systems are utilised to full capacity, the messagecontaining an information change arrives at the master station after a maximum delayof 0.4 seconds.In the opposite direction all interlocking systems are addressed via a commonchannel with each system having a different address. Normally, transmissionscontain level crossing approach messages, commands for setting signal markerlights, as well as fault and operating state data of the LZB Command and ControlCentre.The data exchange between adjacent centres mainly consists of data fortransferring trains. This exchange is effected over data transmission systems usingthe transmission speed specified by the ORE.Software For The LZB CentreSince high processing speed is required, all lists and programs needed for theoperating procedures are memory-resident. External mass storage cannot be usedsince access times are too long.The most important data lists are the track section list and the train list. The tracksection list contains the coded track geography with fixed data (positions of the linecomponents, track grades, track sections with permanent speed limits, entry/exitpoints on the loops, system boundaries) and the variable data (settings of the linecomponents, track sections with temporary speed limits, emergency stop controlledby train and by control tower) of the total system.In contrary to the static track section list which is permanently coded, the train listis a purely dynamic list. The specific data of all trains within the system area areentered for each program in this train list, monitored and cancelled upon departure.The structure of the train list ensures that each LZB train knows the positions of thepreceding or following train (list chaining).The main task of these programs is the determination of the maximumpermissible braking distance for each train within the system area. To calculate theinformation for a train, input data from interlocking systems and adjacent controllersas well as the last message sent by the train have to be processed. In addition, themessages for the interlocking systems and adjacent controllers are prepared,operator monitor input is processed and possible fault and operating indications aretransmitted.SELCAB An Example Of An Intermittent SystemOne of the most challenging requirements to an ATP system is not to reduce linecapacity. That means that on lines where throughput is critical, an upgraded signalaspect has to be transmitted with a minimum delay in order to avoid unnecessarybraking and longer headways. This can be achieved by a semi continuoustransmission system. In SELCAB transmission is based on LZB principles asdescribed above. The length of the loop can vary according to the headwayrequirements. The loop will always be laid out in rear of the signal, allowing thevehicle to pick up the information of the signal continuously when positioned over the28