THE HISTORY OF TUNGSRAM 1896-1945 - MEK

89 TUNGSRAMCountryValvesCorporation member1941-19421942-1943SwitzerlandBohemiaHungaryNumber of valves soldwithin IVRACO's territory:a total ofNumber of valves soldoutside IVRACO's territory:FranceSpainEnglandA total of54,748166,966144,5381,741,276961,43622,280751,9913,475,393By the end of the fiscal year of 1937—1938TUNGSRAM had fulfilled its quota and sold 2,932,000valves within the IVRACO territories.From the next table we can see that the total productionof the corporation exceeded three million valvesin each but one year. At the same time, the overalltrend pointed downward, and it was especially apparentin the case of the parent company's production.The import restrictions which followed from the wartimes, greatly contributed to this fall-off. At the sametime, the domestic trade of radio valves nearly doubled.This could be traced back to the effects of boththe territorial gains mentioned earlier and the importrestrictions operated by Hungary.Corporation memberTUNGSRAM, BudapestJ.Kremenetzky,ViennaRadium,TillburgHungarian Tungsten FactoryOthersubsidiariesA total ofSales in Hungary1939-19403,172,154303,61076,056207,93142,2213,800,972328,6721940-19412,223,258246,50896,129242,0254,1402,803,060353,439TUNGSRAM, BudapestJ. Kremenetzky, ViennaRadium,TillburgHungarian Tungsten FactoryOthersubsidiariesA total ofSales in Hungary2,128,834443,956203,977232,760581,7313,591,259863,4491,888,695539,715164,489251,782561,3053,405,986775,203In 1943 the domestic sales of radio valves continued togo up, reaching nearly one million (954,300, to beexact). Two major factors had contributed to thisgrowth.More than 200,000 valves were sold to the army, ofwhich Standard, alone, bought 174,000. The numberof tubes sold to operate the imported radio sets alsowent up: 100,000 valves were boughtfor Philips radiosand 36,000 for Telefunken radios. The Orion radios ofHungarian Tungsten Factory required 270,000 valves.The business figures and achievements we have outlinedso far almost completely conceal the hardshipsimposed by World War Two. The corporation sufferedvery serious losses during the war. The Warsawbranch was nearly completely obliterated, when Germanyoverran Poland in 1939. The Yugoslavian factoriessuffered very heavy damages in 1941. Thecompanies in Great Britain were declared enemyproperty and were taken over by the government. Itwas getting increasingly difficult to continue with theexport; on several occasions the deliveries got lost orwere bombed on the way. There were problems withthe supply of materials, although the stocks which hadbeen filled up in the previous years assured the factorya smooth production for still some time to come.TUNGSRAM'S results between the two world warsreflected the success of a company which could adaptto the Hungarian circumstances well and could keepabreast with the foreign competition, both in qualityand in technical development. TUNGSRAM occupied a