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Continued from page 15 - The Availability of Protectionand Support Services Uganda_____. N.d.c. ", National Domestic Violence PreventionInitiative."http://www.raisingvoices.org/women/national_initiative.phpUganda. August 2007. Bureau of Statistics. UgandaDemographic and Health Survey 2006.http://www.measuredhs.com/pubs/pdf/FR194/FR194.pdf_____. 1995. Constitution of the Republic of Uganda.http://www.ugandaonlinelawlibrary.com/files/constitution/constitution_1995.pdfUnited Nations (UN). December 2007. UN Children's Fund(UNICEF). The State of the World's Children 2008.http://www.unicef.org/sowc08/docs/sowc08.pdf_____. N.d. Division for the Advancement of Women.Department of Economic and Social Affairs. "Convention onthe Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination AgainstWomen: States Parties."http://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/cedaw/states.htmUnited States (US). 11 March 2008. Department of State."Uganda." Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for2007. http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2007/100510.htmWorldChanging. 1 December 2007. Takyiwaa Manuh."African Women and Domestic Violence."http://www.worldchanging.com/archives/007653.htmlAdditional Sources ConsultedOral sources, including: A coordinator from the Women'sUnited Nations Report Network (WUNRN) was unable torespond to a request for information within the timeconstraints of this Response.Internet sources, including: Canadian Physicians for Aidand Relief (CPAR), Georgetown Law (Washington), HumanRights Watch (HRW), Tides Center (San Francisco), UgandaWomen's Network (UWONET), Virginia Law Weekly(University of Virginia School of Law), Women of UgandaNetwork (WOUGNET), Women's enews.http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,,IRBC,,UGA,456d621e2,49b92b20c,0.htmlhttp://www.raisingvoices.org/files/DVinfosheet.pdf -☻☻☻☻☻☻Domestic Violence Statistics –Children Face Long-TermHarmLawrence DiVizioJune 22, 2010The overwhelming victims of domestic violence arewomen, but what is often ignored is the long-term impactthat it has on children in the home.Though they may not be the direct victim, it is painfullyobvious in study after study that the damage done to theyoungest victims is something that lasts a life time.According to domestic violence statistics compiled by U.S.Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs, whenthere are children in the home, 40 per cent of the time theywitness the event. Of this 22 per cent are on hand when anassault takes place.Domestic Abuse Affects ChildrenIt is through a further study undertaken by the UNICEF(United Nations Children's Fund, formerly the UnitedNations International Children's Emergency Fund) thatshows the true damage this causes. The study and resultingpublication; Behind Closed Doors: The Impact of DomesticViolence on Children is the first undertaken by the U.N. tocreate a global look at the problem.Of course there is the danger that the child becomes avictim of abuse in the situation, but further damage that isnot as apparent also takes place.According to the UNICEF study, “children who areexposed to violence in the home may have difficultylearning and limited social skills, exhibit violent, risky ordelinquent behavior or suffer from depression or severeanxiety.”And this damage can be done to children at much youngerages than had been previously thought.Infants and very young children exposed to the stress ofdomestic violence in the home can experience problems astheir young brains continue to develop, which the reportstated could, “impair cognitive and sensory growth.”Childhood Disorders and Domestic ViolenceIn a study undertaken for The David and Lucile PackardFoundation, by Joy D. Osofsky, it was found that a bevy ofproblems can be manifested in a small child exposed tosuch an environment. They can include, sleep problems,fear of being alone and problems with toilet training andlanguage development.Continued on page 20-16- Traditional African Clinic January 2011
African Traditional Herbal Research ClinicVolume 6, Issue 1 NEWSLETTER January 2011FEATURED ARTICLESSouth Africa: Life after Human TraffickingCape Town — At Pretoria-based Tshwane Home ofHope, the jubilant young faces of the girls who live therehide the truth of the horrors they have encountered. Onthe premises is a trauma centre - aptly dubbed by one ofthe residents as "the hope sanctuary" - here the girls meetwith a resident social worker and psychologist to sharetheir stories, stories that will never leave the four walls ofthe room.The Home receives new girls often - most are walk-ins,while the police bring others in from the street corners onwhich they would have been working. The youngest girlis seven and the oldest is 21; they hail from South Africa,as well as places further afield like Zimbabwe, Burundi,and Democratic Republic of the Congo. Their reasons forcoming to the centre are as diverse as their backgrounds.However, they all have one thing in common - they wantto be safe.While not all these girls have been trafficked or onceworked in the sex industry, they are all at the Homebecause they have run away from violence.Tendai Joe, director of the centre and also a former streetchild, works tirelessly to ensure the girls receive adequateprotection, go to school and live a life they deserve.The scourge that is human trafficking and modern-dayslavery continues to gnaw at the moral fabric of oursociety. Globally, according to research conducted by theUnited States State Department, more than one millionpeople are trafficked annually. How many of those are inSouthern Africa is not known.Human trafficking by its very nature is a form of genderbasedviolence, not least because the majority of thosetrafficked are female, but also because physical andsexual violence are its bedfellows. While there are manyforms of human trafficking, the most common is sextrafficking of women and children. Though some of thewomen trafficked willingly participate in sex work toescape poverty, a 2005 International Organisation forBy Ottilia Anna Maunganidze15 December 2010GenderLinksMigration (IOM) study found that most are led into sexwork because they are lied to, told they will be able topursue an education, get married or get the job that willhelp them out of poverty.In the sub-region, South Africa is the main destination fortrafficking victims, with women and children comingfrom neighbouring countries and conflict zones furtherafield. Poverty and desperation coupled with a culture ofpatriarchy means that women are doubly vulnerable notonly to trafficking, but to the violence that comes with it.Most disconcerting are the findings of a 2008/9 WitsUniversity Law Clinic study on access to gender-basedviolence services in South Africa by migrant women. Itfound that two thirds of South African organisations thatprovide services to gender-based violence survivors offertheir services exclusively to South African citizens.Therefore the plight of immigrants is compounded by theinstitutionalised xenophobia they face. Yet, reportsabound of rapes and other forms of gender-basedviolence, especially at the country's borders.The South African 1 in 9 campaign advocates for womento speak out if they are raped, this is based on the fact thatonly 1 out of every 9 South African women who has beenraped reports the crime. When it comes to victims oftrafficking, it is difficult to collect data because of theunderground nature of sex trafficking and the fear on thepart of most sex workers that if they speak out they willbe arrested, deported or abused or raped by police.Organisations like the Sex Worker Education andAdvisory Taskforce (SWEAT), which advocate for thedecriminalisation of sex work, contend that until sexwork is decriminalised it is unlikely that efforts tocounter human trafficking will yield results. Thevictimisation of sex workers stems primarily from thefact that their profession is not afforded any protection."Moral" arguments against sex work notwithstanding, ifContinued on page 18-17- Traditional African Clinic January 2011
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