118/119 Biodiversity and Tropical Forest Assessment for Angola

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environmental consciousness of the Angolan government about the importance of goodenvironmental stewardship.Recommendation: The donor community, perhaps under USAID’s leadership, can helpplace the environment on the government’s screen by initiating a discussion about theimportance of Angola’s environment, particularly from the standpoint of the country’spost-petroleum future. The point of departure could be the organization of a highvisibilityconference on the environment sponsored by several donors, including theUnited Nations.Help Create Protected Areas in High Biodiversity EcosystemsThe need: Angola’s afro-montane forests are not represented in the country’s protectedareas system. The same is true of the country’s humid forests in what were once coffeeproducing areas. This situation places a great deal of Angola’s natural heritage in peril.There is a need to designate and legalize representative segments of Angola’s mostbiodiverse ecosystems (afro-montane and humid Guineo-Congolian forests) as protectedareas.Recommendation: USAID could help conserve Angola’s biodiversity by working withan interested provincial government and MINUA to create at least one protected area inhighland forest areas. Previous reports (IUCN 1992) recommended that legal protectionbe secured for sections of the afro-montane forest of Morro do Moco. Illustrativeactivities include: 1) a biological and socio-economic study to identify parts of thesebiodiverse ecosystems that could be conserved; 2) map and prioritize these areas; 3)propose a legal figure and management model; 4) develop a business plan; and 5) assistthe local government or/and MINUA prepare a proposal for the creation of a protectedarea to the Council of Ministers. If successful, USAID should help to establish theprotected area, providing personnel training, development of geo-reference databases,and development of threats-reduction program.Help Save Protected Areas through a Development and Conservation ActivityThe need: There are two good reasons to support the management of selected protectedareas. First, there is an urgent need to conserve elements of Angola’s natural heritage.Second, Angola needs examples of well-managed protected areas.Recommendation: Three protected areas in Angola have rudimentary managementsystems: Kissama National Park, Cangandala National Park, and Bicuar National Park.USAID should choose one or more of these parks in which to implement sustainableprotected area management systems, including 1) community-based natural resourcesmanagement with communities within and near park boundaries; 2) a protected areapatrol system, preferably using local inhabitants; 3) an ecosystem management andrecovery component; 4) a training component for park guards, tourist guides, and fieldbiologists; and 5) a sustainable financing component.Activate the Giant Sable Conservation FundThe need: Angola’s current government budgeting procedure does not ensure a constantflow of resources for on-the-ground conservation activities. The financial situation ofxviii118/119 BIODIVERSITY AND TROPICAL FOREST ASSESSMENT FOR ANGOLA
individual conservation activities is precarious. This condition typifies the Giant SableConservation Project.Recommendations: The Giant Sable Fund is a nonprofit organization, established in theUnited States, to fund activities to protect and study the Giant Sable. The fund isaffiliated with Citizens Energy, which provides legal, financial, and tax audit andreview supervision. USAID should commission an analysis to determine how best tocapitalize and activate the fund so that it can start to realize its potential.Strengthen Angolan Conservation NGOsThe need: The Government of Angola is currently unable to manage protected areas. Inthe meantime, Angolan NGOs have taken the lead but have limited capacity to assumethis task effectively.Recommendation: The Kissama Foundation leads one of the most visible conservationactivities in Angola, the management of Kissama National Park. The foundation hassecured resources from SONANGOL and other donors to cover administrative expensesand field operations. USAID/Angola should consider working with the KissamaFoundation, in the context of a conservation project for Kissama National Park, toimprove its technical administrative and financial management capabilities anddiversify its sources of funding.118/119 BIODIVERSITY AND TROPICAL FOREST ASSESSMENT FOR ANGOLA xix
Page 7: ACRONYMSCITESConvention on Internat
Page 10 and 11: The country is divided into 18 prov
Page 12 and 13: A number of sector-specific legal i
Page 14 and 15: The Status and Trends of Tropical F
Page 16 and 17: exploitation of these resources and
Page 21 and 22: SECTION A. INTRODUCTIONA1. Legal Re
Page 23: He has a master’s degree in envir
Page 26 and 27: stabilizing effect on the lower atm
Page 28 and 29: forests considered to be centers of
Page 30 and 31: A glance at Exhibit 5 reveals two i
Page 32 and 33: Exhibit 7. Simplified potential veg
Page 34 and 35: Exhibit 8. Angola’s population de
Page 36 and 37: Of note is the lack of follow-throu
Page 38 and 39: February 1955). This decree covered
Page 40 and 41: • Angola’s legal environmental
Page 42 and 43: • Angola’s institutional framew
Page 45 and 46: SECTION C. THE STATUS AND ECOLOGICA
Page 47 and 48: It is important to note that Angola
Page 49 and 50: C3. Coastal and Marine SystemsC3a.
Page 51: indiscriminate hunting. Other negat
Page 54: Common Name Scientific Name StatusW
Page 57 and 58: D2c. Degradation of Coastal Ecosyst
Page 59 and 60: SECTION E. ACTIONS NECESSARY TO DEC
Page 61 and 62: areas or conservation, ownership st
Page 63: conservation activities in Angola:
Page 67: APPENDIX A. INDIVIDUALS INTERVIEWED
Page 70 and 71:
significant discrepancies among the
Page 72 and 73:
. An overview of the social, econom
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have knowledge of and be responsibl
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118/119 Biodiversity and Tropical Forest Assessment for Angola

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