118/119 Biodiversity and Tropical Forest Assessment for Angola

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significant discrepancies among the estimates of forest cover in Angola today, rangingfrom 40 percent to 62 percent. A recent estimate from the Institute for ForestryDevelopment indicated that forests cover approximately 50 million ha, 8 million ofwhich had some form of protected status on paper. There is minimal capacity tocontrol or enforce rules related to forestry, wildlife and protected areas.Angola is thought to be one of the most biologically diverse countries in Africa, witha large number of species of almost all groups of organisms distributed in differentbiomass and terrestrial ecosystems. However, it has been impossible to conduct fieldstudies in most parts of Angola for the past three decades due to war, so only minimalrecent data are available to confirm this and the existing information is rather diffuse.In 2007 Angola, completed its National Biodiversity Strategic Plan (NBSP). TheNBSP presents actions to incorporate measures into development policies andprograms to prevent degradation of ecosystems and loss of biodiversity. The NBSP isto be implemented by the Ministry of Urban Affairs and Environment with supportfrom private organizations and civil society.III. General TaskUnder the direction of a team leader, the assessment team will evaluate biodiversityand tropical forest issues in Angola. The focus of all activities taken under thisassignment is threefold: 1) Assess the conservation status of biodiversity and forestsin Angola; 2) identify actions necessary to better conserve biodiversity and tropicalforests; and 3) describe how and to what extent actions proposed in the countryoperational plans meet, or could meet, the biodiversity and tropical forest needs thusidentified.IV. Specific TasksThe assessment team shall perform the following activities:A. Data Collection• Prior to departure, meet or phone the bureau environmental advisor, otherBureau for Africa technical staff, and other Washington, D.C.-basedorganizations to gather relevant information on regional and Angolaspecificprograms and agency environmental regulations.• Obtain, review and analyze existing documentation on biodiversityconservation (and tropical forest conservation) in Angola, such as thatprepared by government agencies, bilateral donors, and national andinternational NGOs. Available online materials will be gathered prior tothe country visit (links to known literature examples are shown in sectionVII).• Meet with USAID/Angola to get an understanding of the Mission’songoing sectoral assessments, program goals and objectives under itscurrent and proposed strategies. The Mission also may provide the teamwith advice and protocol on approaching USAID partners and host countryorganizations with respect to this assignment. The team will discussorganizations to be contacted and any planned site visits with the Missionand coordinate as required.50 118/119 BIODIVERSITY AND TROPICAL FOREST ASSESSMENT FOR ANGOLA
B. AnalysisC. Report• Meet with and gather information from relevant ministries and agencies,donor organizations, international NGOs, and other organizations that areinvolved in forest and biodiversity conservation or other cross-cuttingissues, or are implementing noteworthy projects.• Conduct one to three priority site visits, as necessary, to supplement theunderstanding gained from interviews, literature, and other second-handsources.1. Summarize the status of biodiversity and tropical forests in Angola.2. Summarize the social, economic, institutional, legal, and policy context fortheir use and conservation, including actions currently being taken bygovernment, other donors, NGOs, and the private sector.3. Identify critical needs that should be addressed for the strategy topositively influence the conservation of tropical forests, biodiversity, andwater resources and improve the sustainable management of naturalresources in Angola.4. Identify the key direct and indirect threats to biodiversity and tropicalforests. Identify the actions necessary to conserve and sustainably managenatural resources, biodiversity and tropical forests in Angola based on ananalysis of country donor and NGO responses currently in place to meetthese needs.5. Analyze the existing Mission portfolio and proposed USAID/AngolaOperational Plan through an environment lens and identify someenvironmental threats and opportunities in each strategic area ofintervention including their potential impacts on FAA section 117, 118 and119 issues and climate.• Prepare a report on the status of biodiversity conservation efforts inAngola and implications for USAID or other donor programming that shalldefine the actions necessary for conservation. This report shall clearlymeet the legal requirement of FAA Sec 118 and 119. An illustrativeoutline for the report is provided below, of which Sections “c”, “d” and“e” will be written by the environment and natural resource management(ENRM) specialist.• Drawing on the report (even before it is finalized, if necessary), theconsultant shall produce the mandatory Environmental Annex required forthe USAID/Operational Plan. This annex should be 8-10 pages, andaddress explicitly the FAA 118-119 concerns in tropical forestry andbiodiversity, key threats and opportunities for USAID/Angola’s response,and recommended actions. These will be taken up as appropriate in theUSAID/Angola operational plan and country assistance strategy.Illustrative Outline:a. Introduction, describing the purpose of the analysis and methods used inconducting it, including the timing of the analysis in relation to the timingof USAID strategy development.118/119 BIODIVERSITY AND TROPICAL FOREST ASSESSMENT FOR ANGOLA 51
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ACRONYMSCITESConvention on Internat
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The country is divided into 18 prov
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A number of sector-specific legal i
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The Status and Trends of Tropical F
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exploitation of these resources and
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environmental consciousness of the
Page 21 and 22: SECTION A. INTRODUCTIONA1. Legal Re
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Page 26 and 27: stabilizing effect on the lower atm
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Page 30 and 31: A glance at Exhibit 5 reveals two i
Page 32 and 33: Exhibit 7. Simplified potential veg
Page 34 and 35: Exhibit 8. Angola’s population de
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Page 38 and 39: February 1955). This decree covered
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Page 49 and 50: C3. Coastal and Marine SystemsC3a.
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Page 67: APPENDIX A. INDIVIDUALS INTERVIEWED
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118/119 Biodiversity and Tropical Forest Assessment for Angola

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