118/119 Biodiversity and Tropical Forest Assessment for Angola

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forests considered to be centers of high biodiversity and endemism. One such elevatedfeature is Mount Moco.Most of the country east of the coastal areas and the central plateau lies between 1,000and 1,500 m. These areas are mostly undulating and covered by medium- to coarsetexturedsediments associated with the Kalahari system.B1d. SoilsAngola hosts significant soil variety (Exhibit 4). The two dominant soil groups areArenosols and Ferrasols. Arenosols dominate the eastern two-thirds of the country,where the parent material consists of coarse-textured sediments. Ferrasols occupy largeportions of the western highlands and adjacent areas. These two infertile soil groupscover more than 80 percent of Angola’s surface. Other important soil types includeLuvisols, Calcisols, and Cambisols. The Luvisols are common in the northeastern hillsand adjacent slopes where coffee cultivation used to be an important activity duringcolonial times. This area is now covered by dense forests that support a healthypopulation of small antelopes and avian fauna. Because of its relatively high agriculturalpotential, the opportunity cost of conservation in these fertile areas is higher than inareas dominated by Arenosols, where cultivation is a marginal activity at best. That ismost likely one reason why the colonial government did not create any protected areasin Angola’s highly productive highlands.Exhibit 4. Generalized soils map ofAngola (adapted from FAO, 1997).Due to scale and original map qualitylimitations, not all soil types arerepresented in the legend. Poorlegend color choices in the originalmap made it difficult to identifysmaller units.Arenosol Ferralsol Luvisol Calcisol Cambisol Regosol Solonetz Vertisol8 118/119 BIODIVERSITY AND TROPICAL FOREST ASSESSMENT FOR ANGOLA
B1e. HydrographyExcluding the province of Cabinda, Angola may be subdivided into nine largehydrographic basins (Exhibit 5):1. Perennial coastal system2. Ephemeral coastal system3. Zaire system4. Cunene system5. Kwanza system6. Cubango system7. Cuando system8. Zambezi system9. Cuanhama, or Etosha, systemExhibit 5. Angola’s principal hydrographic basinsCoastal(perennial)Coastal(ephemeral)Principal Hydrographic BasinsZaire Cunene Kwanza Cubango Cuando Zambezi Cuanhama(Etosha)118/119 BIODIVERSITY AND TROPICAL FOREST ASSESSMENT FOR ANGOLA 9
Page 7: ACRONYMSCITESConvention on Internat
Page 10 and 11: The country is divided into 18 prov
Page 12 and 13: A number of sector-specific legal i
Page 14 and 15: The Status and Trends of Tropical F
Page 16 and 17: exploitation of these resources and
Page 18 and 19: environmental consciousness of the
Page 21 and 22: SECTION A. INTRODUCTIONA1. Legal Re
Page 23: He has a master’s degree in envir
Page 26 and 27: stabilizing effect on the lower atm
Page 30 and 31: A glance at Exhibit 5 reveals two i
Page 32 and 33: Exhibit 7. Simplified potential veg
Page 34 and 35: Exhibit 8. Angola’s population de
Page 36 and 37: Of note is the lack of follow-throu
Page 38 and 39: February 1955). This decree covered
Page 40 and 41: • Angola’s legal environmental
Page 42 and 43: • Angola’s institutional framew
Page 45 and 46: SECTION C. THE STATUS AND ECOLOGICA
Page 47 and 48: It is important to note that Angola
Page 49 and 50: C3. Coastal and Marine SystemsC3a.
Page 51: indiscriminate hunting. Other negat
Page 54: Common Name Scientific Name StatusW
Page 57 and 58: D2c. Degradation of Coastal Ecosyst
Page 59 and 60: SECTION E. ACTIONS NECESSARY TO DEC
Page 61 and 62: areas or conservation, ownership st
Page 63: conservation activities in Angola:
Page 67: APPENDIX A. INDIVIDUALS INTERVIEWED
Page 70 and 71: significant discrepancies among the
Page 72 and 73: . An overview of the social, econom
Page 74 and 75: have knowledge of and be responsibl

118/119 Biodiversity and Tropical Forest Assessment for Angola

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