44rapor/reportreport/rapor 45Türkiye’ye Do¤rudan Yabanc› Yat›r›m (DYY) GiriflleriFDI Inflows to Turkey2006 y›l›nda ise 20.1 milyar dolar seviyelerine ulaflan Do¤rudan Yabanc› Yat›-r›mlar 2007 y›l›n›n ilk 8 ay› itibari ile 13.9 milyar dolara ulaflm›flt›r. DYY girifli y›lsonu beklentileri 20 milyar dolar› geçece¤i yönünde devam etmektedir.Y›l›n ilk sekiz ay›nda DYY girifllerinin %72’si hizmetler %28’i ise sanayi alan›ndaolmufltur. Finansal hizmetler (7.3 milyar dolar) ve imalat sanayi (2.5 milyardolar) DYY girifllerinde en yüksek paya sahip sektörler olmufllard›r.Milyar Dolar/Billion $25201510501,49,8FDI inflows to Turkey reached $13.9 billion as of end of August 2007.Year-end expectation of more than $20 billion FDI for 2007 is still realisticand probable.20,113.91995-2004 2005 2006 2007ortalama/average Ocak-A¤ustos/Jan-AugustKaynak:Merkez Bankas›/Source: Central Bank of TurkeyIn the first seven months of 2007, the proportion of services sector in FDIinflows is 72% and of industrial sector is 28%. Financial services ($73billion) and manufacturing ($2.5 billion) had the highest shares.DYY Girifllerinin Sektörel Da¤›l›m› (‹lk 5) Ocak-A¤ustos 2007Distribution of FDI with respect to sectors (Top 5) (Januar -August 2007)Ülkeler baz›nda girifllere bak›ld›¤› zaman daha önceki aylarda oldu¤u gibi ilksekiz ay itibari ile de ABD en yüksek paya (%23) sahip olmufltur.Milyon Dolar/Billion $‹malat sanayiinde DYY girifllerine bak›ld›¤›nda, girifllerin 1/3’ten fazlas›n›n (851milyon dolar) gerçekleflti¤i kimya sanayiinin en fazla paya sahip oldu¤u görülmektedir.‹fllenmifl petrol ürünleri, g›da-içecek ve metal d›fl› madenler %10’unüzerinde paya sahip di¤er imalat sanayi sektörleri olmufltur.The USA had the highest share in FDI inflows during January-August 2007,with 23% share among source countries for FDI inflows to Turkey.DYY Girifllerinde ‹lk 5 Ülke (Ocak-A¤ustos 2007)Distribution of FDI with respect to investor countries (Top 5) (January-August 2007)400035003000250020001500100050003,580Kaynak:Merkez Bankas›/Source: Central Bank of Turkey2,260In the manufacturing sector, chemical industry had the highest level of FDIinflows ($851 million) in the first 8 months of 2007, accounting for morethan 1/3 of FDI inflows to the manufacturing sector. Refined petroleumproducts, food&beverages and non-metal minerals were othermanufacturing sectors with shares more than 10%.DYY Girifllerinin Üretim Sektöründeki Da¤›l›m› (‹lk 5) (Ocak-A¤ustos)Distribution of FDI in the Manufacturing Sector (Top 5) (January-August 2007)2.020ABD Yunanistan Hollanda Portekiz AlmanyaUSA Greece Netherlands Portugal Germany701587Finans/Financial Sector 61%Di¤er Metal D›fl› Madenler Sanayii/Other Non Metalic Mineral 27%Kok kömürü, Rafine Petrol Ürün ve Nükleer Yak›t Sanayi/Coal, Refine Petroleu Product 18%‹malat Sanayi/Manufacturing 21%Di¤er/Other 6%G›da, Meflrubat ve Tütün Ürünleri Sanayi/Food, Beverage, Tobac 10%Di¤er/Other 6%Ulafl›m Araçlar› Sanayi/Transport Vehiçle 2%Elektrik, Gaz ve Su/Electricitiy, Gas, Water 4%Emlak Komisyonculu¤u,Kiralama Hizmetleri/RealEstate Brokerage, RentalServices 4%Tafl›mac›l›k, Depolama veHaberleflme/Transportation,Warehousing, Communication 4%Kaynak:Merkez Bankas›/Source: Central Bank of TurkeyElektrikli ve Optik Aletler Sanay›/Electrical and Optical Equ 3%Kaynak:Merkez Bankas›/Source: Central Bank of TurkeyKimya Sanayi/Chemicals 34%INTERNATIONAL INVESTORS ASSOCIATION OF TURKEYULUSLARARASI YATIRIMCILAR DERNE⁄‹ULUSLARARASI YATIRIMCILAR DERNE⁄‹INTERNATIONAL INVESTORS ASSOCIATION OF TURKEY
46rapor/reportreport/rapor 47UNCTAD 2007 DünyaYat›r›m Raporu Aç›kland›UNCTAD 2007 World Investment Report is AnnouncedTürkiye, En Fazla Uluslararas› Do¤rudan Yat›r›m Çeken Ülkeler Aras›nda 16. S›raya YükseldiAmong the Countries that Attract the Highest Foreign Direct Investment, Turkey Ascended to Rank 16YASED, 16 Ekim 2007 tarihinde düzenledi¤i bas›n toplant›s› ile Birleflmifl MilletlerTicaret ve Kalk›nma Örgütü UNCTAD taraf›ndan yay›nlanan ve tüm dünyadaeflzamanl› olarak aç›klanan 2007 Dünya Yat›r›m Raporu'nun Türkiye lansman›n›gerçeklefltirdi. Rapor, 2006 y›l›n›n kesinleflmifl verileriyle, Türkiye'nin en fazlauluslararas› yat›r›m çeken ülkeler aras›nda 16., en fazla uluslararas› do¤rudanyat›r›m sto¤u olan ülkeler aras›nda ise 27. s›raya yükseldi¤ini ortaya koyuyor. Hery›l uluslararas› do¤rudan yat›r›mlardaki trendlere ba¤l› olarak farkl› bir alt bafll›k ileyay›nlanan Dünya Yat›r›m Raporu'nun 2007 y›l› alt bafll›¤›: “Çok Uluslu fiirketler,Do¤al Kaynak ‹stihraç Sanayileri ve Kalk›nma”. Rapora göre, dünya genelindeuluslararas› do¤rudan yat›r›m giriflleri 2006 y›l›nda bir önceki y›la göre %38 art›flla1,3 trilyon dolara ulaflt›. Dünya genelinde en fazla uluslararas› do¤rudan yat›-r›m çeken ülkeler ABD ve ‹ngiltere olurken, Türkiye 20,1 milyar dolarla 16. s›rayaç›kt›. Ayn› kategoride ülkemiz, 2005 y›l›nda 23. s›rada yer almaktayd›. Geliflmekteolan ülkeler aras›nda ise Türkiye 5. s›rada yer ald›. Çin, tüm dünyada 5.s›radaki yeri ve çekti¤i 70 milyar dolarl›k yat›r›m ile geliflmekte olan ülkeler aras›ndabafl› çekiyor.1600Milyar Dolar/Billion $140012001000800600400200024944041411833YASED has launched in Turkey the 2007 World Investment Report publishedby UNCTAD, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development,concurrently around the globe, by a press conference held on October 16, 2007.The Report shows based on the finalized data of 2006 that Turkey as ascendedto rank 16th among the countries that attract the highest foreign directinvestment and to rank 27th among the countries that has the highest foreigndirect investment stock. The World Investment Report is published with adifferent subtitle every year depending on the foreign direct investment trendsand the subtitle of 2007 World Investment Report is “TransnationalCorporations, Extractive Industries and Develop-ment”. According to theReport, global foreign direct investment inflows amounted to $1,3 billion in 2006,rising 38% over the previous year. While the host countries attracting the highestglobal foreign direct investment were USA and United Kingdom, Turkey hasascended to rank 16 with its $20,1 million inflows. Our country was ranking 23rdin the same category in 2005. On the other hand, Turkey has ranked 5th amongthe developing countries. China, ranking 5th globally and with its $70 billioninvestment inflow, is the leading host country among the developing countries.1970’ler 1980’ler 1990’lar 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 200662256474294613062006 Y›l›nda En Fazla Uluslararas› Do¤rudan Yat›r›m Çeken ÜlkelerCountries with Highest Foreign Direct Investment Inflows in 20062006 2005 Ülke/Country Miktar (Milyar $)/Amount(Billion $)1 2 ABD/USA 175.42 1 ‹ngiltere/UK 139.53 3 Fransa/France 81.14 7 Belçika/Belgium 72.05 4 Çin/China 69.56 9 Kanada/Canada 69.07 8 Hong Kong, Çin/Hong Kong, China 42.98 6 Almanya/Germany 42.99 11 ‹talya/Italy 39.210 30 Lüksemburg/Luxemburg 29.3Türkiye, dünya genelindeki uluslararas› do¤rudan yat›r›mlardan ald›¤› pay›2006 y›l› itibari ile % 1,5'e ç›kar›rken, geliflmekte olan 160 ülke toplam›ndaise pay›n› % 5'in üzerine ç›kard›. En fazla do¤rudan yat›r›m yapan ülkeler aras›ndaABD ve Fransa ilk s›rada yer al›rken, Türkiye 934 milyon dolarl›k d›fl yat›r›m›ile 51. s›rada kald›. UNCTAD'›n verilerine göre, 2006 y›l› itibar› ile toplamuluslararas› do¤rudan yat›r›m sto¤u 12 trilyon dolara ulafl›rken, ABD ile‹ngiltere en fazla uluslararas› do¤rudan yat›r›m sto¤una sahip ülkeler oldular.Türkiye ise 79 milyar dolarl›k sto¤u ile dünya liginin 27. s›ras›nda yer ald›.Uluslararas› yat›r›mlar›n ülke gruplar›na göre da¤›l›m›na bak›ld›¤›nda, 2006 y›-l›nda uluslararas› do¤rudan yat›r›mlar geliflmifl ülkelerde % 45 art›flla 857 milyardolara, geliflmekte olan ülkelerde % 21 art›flla 379 milyar dolara ve geçiflekonomilerinde (Ba¤›ms›z Devletler Toplulu¤u ve Güney Do¤u Avrupa ülkeleri)% 68 art›fl ile 69 milyar dolara ulaflt›¤› görünüyor. Rapor ayn› zamandason y›llarda geliflmifl bölgelerin do¤rudan yat›r›mlardan ald›¤› pay›n azald›-¤›n›, buna karfl›l›k geliflmekte olan bölgelerde ise bu pay›n artt›¤›n› ortaya koyuyor.Dünya Yat›r›m Raporu 2007, s›n›r ötesi birleflme ve sat›n almalar›n2005 y›l›ndaki 716 milyar dolar düzeyinden, 2006'da 880 milyar dolara ç›kt›-¤›n› da ortaya koydu. Bu birleflme ve sat›n almalar›n %17'si geliflmekte olanülkeler ve geçifl ekonomilerinde gerçekleflti. UNCTAD'›n çokuluslu flirketleraras›nda yapt›¤› anket çal›flmas›na göre ise 2007-2009 döneminde uluslararas›yat›r›mlardaki büyümenin devam etmesi, s›n›r ötesi birleflme ve sat›n almalar›npay›n› korumas›, yeni (greenfield) yat›r›mlar›n ise özellikle geliflmekteolan ülkelerde artmas› bekleniyor. Yat›r›mlar›n artmas›ndaki pozitif trendiolumsuz etkileyebilecek unsurlar aras›nda küresel cari hesap dengesizliklerive kur etkileri, petrol fiyatlar›nda dalgalanma, finansal piyasalarda muhtemelbir daralma, baz› ülkelerde korumac› - k›s›tlay›c› düzenlemelerin artmas› veterörizm ile savafl riski gibi faktörlere dikkat çekiliyor.Rapora www.unctad.org/wir web adresinden ulafl›labilmektedir.2006 2005 Ülke/Country Miktar (Milyar $)/Amount(Billion $)11 16 Rusya Fed./Russian Fed. 28.712 22 ‹sveç/Sweeden 27.213 209 ‹sviçre/Switzerland 25.114 14 Singapur/Singapore 24.215 214 Avustralya/Australia 24.016 23 TÜRK‹YE/TURKEY 20.117 10 ‹spanya/Spain 20.018 12 Meksika/Mexico 19.019 13 Brezilya/Brazil 18.820 17 Suudi Arabistan/Saudi Arabia 18.3While Turkey has increased its share in the global foreign direct investment to1,5% as of 2006, it has increased its share in the total of 160 developing countriesto over 5%. While USA and France are the leading countries in foreign directinvestment outflows, Turkey has remained in rank 51st with its $934 millioninvestment outflow. According to the data of UNCTAD, as of 2006, while thetotal foreign direct investment stock has reached US$ 12 trillion, USA and UnitedKingdom were the countries with the highest foreign direct investment stock.Turkey has ranked 27th among the global league with its stock of US$ 79 billion.When the dispersion of foreign investments as per country groups is reviewed,it is observed that in 2006, the foreign direct investments have reached to US$857 billion by increasing 45% in the developed countries, to US$ 379 billion byincreasing 21% in the developing countries and to US$ 69 billion by increasing68% in the transition economies (Commonwealth of Independent States andSouth-East Europe countries). The Report also shows that the share of thedeveloped regions in the foreign direct investment inflows declines in the recentyears whereas this share increases in the developing regions. The WorldInvestment Report 2007 shows that the cross-border mergers and acquisitionshave increased from US$ 716 billion in 2005 to US$ 880 billion in 2006. Amongthese mergers and acquisitions, 17% of them were realized in developingcountries and in transition economies. According to the survey conducted byUNCTAD among transnational companies, it is expected that in the 2007 - 2009period, the growth in foreign investments shall continue, the cross-bordermergers and acquisitions shall maintain their share in foreign investments and thenew (greenfield) investments shall increase especially in the developing countries.Among the negative elements that may affect the positive trend of increase ininvestments, attention was attracted to certain factors such as global currentaccount instability and impacts of foreign exchange, fluctuation in oil prices,possible shrinking in financial markets, increase in certain protective and restrictiveregulations in certain countries and risk of fight against terrorism.The report is available at www.unctad.org/wir web address.INTERNATIONAL INVESTORS ASSOCIATION OF TURKEYULUSLARARASI YATIRIMCILAR DERNE⁄‹ULUSLARARASI YATIRIMCILAR DERNE⁄‹INTERNATIONAL INVESTORS ASSOCIATION OF TURKEY
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