67entrance remain applicable. A diminuendo on the word “eyes” draws the opening choral sectionto a close, <strong>and</strong> brings the organ interlude into focus.The use <strong>of</strong> rubato within all the anthem’s organ solos supports the improvisatory nature<strong>of</strong> Finzi’s writing. The written poco ritard<strong>and</strong>o at measure 38 should be observed, perhaps evena full ritard<strong>and</strong>o (but not molto) particularly on the final three eighth notes <strong>of</strong> the organ pedal,providing the listener with the sense that the first large structural division <strong>of</strong> the anthem hasarrived.Section BThe pastoral nature <strong>of</strong> theme b calls for a pure, floating (non-heroic), tone from sopranos(an ideal boy-soprano timbre) <strong>and</strong> tenors. A short breath should be placed at the end <strong>of</strong> eachappeal, “Jesu Master,” prior to the bar line. These lifts—preceding the soprano rest in measure40 <strong>and</strong> the tenor continuation at measure 41—create a more distinct musical comma tocorrespond with the text, <strong>and</strong> emphasize the imploring nature <strong>of</strong> these opening reaching-gestures.An eighth rest should be substituted for the first note <strong>of</strong> measure 42, providing a small separationbetween the two lines <strong>of</strong> the couplet, <strong>and</strong> more effectively highlighting the description <strong>of</strong> theMaster, “Our Food, <strong>and</strong> faithful Shepherd too!” All <strong>of</strong> Crashaw’s “f”s should be clear <strong>and</strong>distinct, <strong>and</strong> those words stressed as set by Finzi on the metrically strong portions <strong>of</strong> themeasure. The indicated slowing <strong>of</strong> tempo (in this instance, a true poco ritardano) should beobserved, delineating the key transition <strong>and</strong> entrance <strong>of</strong> the second thematic statement <strong>of</strong> SectionB.The underlying march characteristic <strong>of</strong> theme c suggests a slightly stronger dynamic fromthe tenor <strong>and</strong> bass voices in their ‘men’s chorus’ entrance at measure 44. Mezzo piano or mezz<strong>of</strong>orte would be more in order, relative to the acoustic <strong>of</strong> the room <strong>and</strong> balance <strong>of</strong> the ensemble.
68To add further contrast with the subdued <strong>and</strong> sostenuto style <strong>of</strong> previous sections, a slightmarcato may be employed on the words “let that,” further corresponding with the declamatoryrhythms <strong>of</strong> “Mix with our,” <strong>and</strong> “(Mor)-tality,” while the phrases “which thus makes thee,” <strong>and</strong>“Lift our lean souls,” should remain legato, providing a more pleasing connection for theirassociated wider skips. An eighth rest should take the place <strong>of</strong> the rhythmic dot on the word“Souls” (measures 47 <strong>and</strong> 49), thus setting up a more effective “<strong>and</strong> set us up,” both from atextual aspect, as well as for the purely practical vocal need to breathe in preparation for a strongcrescendo in the following measures. The word “up” in particular calls for distinct dynamicgrowth, for which Finzi lengthens the value <strong>of</strong> the note relative to the eighth <strong>and</strong> quarter noteemphasis <strong>of</strong> the march, thus creating a strong anacrusis on the word “Convictor.” The hard “c”[k], [v], <strong>and</strong> [t] consonants <strong>of</strong> this word should accentuate the anguish <strong>of</strong> the subject, as well as atenuto stress on each the words “own full cup,” strengthening the peak <strong>of</strong> the crescendo. Whilethe word “cup” should be held for its full value, its length should be shortened by half, with aneighth rest inserted between it <strong>and</strong> the beginning <strong>of</strong> the concluding phrase “Coheirs <strong>of</strong> Saints.”Such separation provides for more accurate (<strong>and</strong> dramatic) placement <strong>of</strong> the [p] <strong>of</strong> “cup,” as wellas clearly divides the rise <strong>of</strong> this small dynamic arch into its ascent <strong>and</strong> descent. The twosyllables <strong>of</strong> “Coheirs” should be separated by a small glottal stop, as should also be usedbetween its [s] <strong>and</strong> the “<strong>of</strong>” which follows it, preventing what might otherwise result in thepoorly delivered <strong>and</strong> nonsensical conglomeration, “Coweirz<strong>of</strong>.” In the tenor voice, an eighth restshould take the place <strong>of</strong> the dot on “Saints” in measure 52, creating the same separation betweentextual repetitions <strong>of</strong> this phrase as is indicated in the remaining voice parts.Returning to a more subdued <strong>and</strong> slower idiom, the “Wine” theme should be performedin a legato style, <strong>and</strong> following the subtle swelling <strong>of</strong> dynamic as indicated with the rise <strong>and</strong> fall
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HISTORY, ANALYSIS AND PERFORMANCECO
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. . . as surely as birds must sing,
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LIST OF FIGURESFigurePage1. Constru
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LIST OF TABLESTablePage1. Section A
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HISTORICAL OVERVIEWIt was the summe
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3Hussey suggested a Eucharist theme
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Lo, the Full Final Sacrifice was at
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7miniaturist is now generally recog
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9Hardy (agnostic fatalist), Wordswo
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11According to Christopher, his fat
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14Examination of FormSection AThe a
- Page 26 and 27: 17However the arrival of A major at
- Page 28 and 29: 19Figure 7. Reduction of measures 1
- Page 30 and 31: 21Stanford, being of his generation
- Page 32 and 33: 23unique contour of these lines, a
- Page 34 and 35: 25Figure 12. Rising major third key
- Page 36 and 37: 27with the downward leap of a minor
- Page 38 and 39: 29Figure 15. “O Let that love”
- Page 40 and 41: Figure 16. “Jesu Master” organ
- Page 42 and 43: 33Crashaw’s images of “Food”
- Page 44 and 45: 35Harmony then, falls among every o
- Page 46 and 47: 37Section CAn immediate resetting o
- Page 48 and 49: Figure 21. “Weeping” organ gest
- Page 50 and 51: 41another shortened verse and fitti
- Page 52 and 53: 43unison/octaves. The preceding org
- Page 54 and 55: 45Figure 28. “Stretch all thy pow
- Page 56 and 57: 47Arriving at the word “love” a
- Page 58 and 59: 49agogic stresses to achieve a fitt
- Page 60 and 61: 51Table 4Section D - Thematic Struc
- Page 62 and 63: 53famine, feeding its young with it
- Page 64 and 65: 55global humanity en masse, but mor
- Page 66 and 67: 57Figure 37. “And that long day
- Page 68 and 69: 59Figure 39. Reduction of Section B
- Page 70 and 71: 61sublime heavenly and musical asce
- Page 73 and 74: PERFORMANCE CONSIDERATIONSPrinciple
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- Page 79 and 80: 70breath in the vocal part to compl
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- Page 83 and 84: 74for the tenor soloist be placed a
- Page 85 and 86: 76the word “chase” followed by
- Page 87 and 88: 78Finzi always had a sense that he
- Page 89 and 90: 808 Lo the Bread of Life, this day
- Page 91 and 92: 82_____ . The Composer’s Use of W