214 SCIENTIFIC POSTER SESSION | FOYERSCIENTIFIC POSTER SESSION | FOYER215Though the fact that some of these sources have been established and are welldocumented, there is still a gap in knowledge concerning the sources of otheremissions and their contribution to the total amount of aerosols depositedin the RBSF research area. There<strong>for</strong>e, analyses of data from more accuratedatabases and the combination with remote sensing and field techniques areneeded to bring new insights into the role of long range transported aerosols.Results using newly created databases and methods to handle these data <strong>for</strong> theanalysis of aerosol transport from the sources to the study area are presented.Topic: Link <strong>for</strong> survival - Science and the conservation of tropical landscapesAVIFAUNA ASSOCIATED TO NATIVE FOREST AND FORESTPLANTATIONS OF EXOTIC CONIFERS IN THE RESERVA FORESTALGRECIA, COSTA RICAMaría Alejandra Maglianesi 11BiK-F Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, DE, mmaglianesi@uned.ac.crForest plantations of exotic conifers have been used as a managementWEDNESDAY | FOYERstrategy <strong>for</strong> restoring <strong>for</strong>ests in many areas of the Neotropics. However, thereis a remarkable lack of in<strong>for</strong>mation of these plantations on the value <strong>for</strong>conservation biodiversity. To evaluate these plantations as habitat <strong>for</strong> wildlife, Istudied bird communities in native secondary <strong>for</strong>est and in plantation of exotictree species (Pinus oocarpa and Cupressus lusitanica) in the Reserva ForestalGrecia, Costa Rica. Bird assemblage composition, richness, abundance, diversity,and evenness were compared between habitats using the fixed-radius pointcount method. Fieldwork was conducted from September 2008 to May 2009. Atotal of 743 birds of 79 species corresponding to 10 orders and 25 families wererecorded. The bird composition varied across habitats, sharing 51.9% of thesame bird species. Although I found no significant differences in the patternsof bird diversity or evenness, the native <strong>for</strong>est had a greater bird richness andabundance than the plantation. This could be explained by the higher spatialheterogeneity and productivity in the native <strong>for</strong>est than in the plantation. Onthe basis of these results, secondary native <strong>for</strong>ests seem to have a greater value<strong>for</strong> bird conservation than conifer plantations.There<strong>for</strong>e, some management measures could favor bird communities in theReserva Forestal Grecia, such as the implementation of strategies <strong>for</strong> ecologicalrestoration in order to gradually replace the exotic vegetation by native specieswhich offer more resources available <strong>for</strong> bird populations. The continuationof studies in plantations of exotic conifers may provide more knowledge thatwill allow a better understanding of the role played by exotic plantations inmaintaining bird populations and biodiversity in general.Wednesday WEDNESDAY 16:00 | FOYER | Foyergtö<strong>Society</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>Tropical</strong> <strong>Ecology</strong> | Gesellschaft für Tropenökologie e.V. Status and future of tropical biodiversity | Frankfurt, 21 - 24 February 2011gtö
216 SCIENTIFIC POSTER SESSION | FOYERSCIENTIFIC POSTER SESSION | FOYER217Topic: <strong>Tropical</strong> island biodiversity: magnitude, function and conservationCOMPARATIVE ECOPHYSIOLOGY OF CARIBBEAN AND MAINLANDNEOTROPICAL TREESAdam R. Martin 1 , Sean C. Thomas 1 , Saara J. DeWalt 2 , Kalan L. Ickes 2 , ElvisR. Stedman 3Topic: Ecological networks and ecosystem functioningWEDNESDAY | FOYER1University of Toronto, Toronto, CA, adam.martin@utoronto.ca, 2 ClemsonUniversity, Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson, SC, US, 3 DominicaNaturalists Association, Laudat, DMIn tropical rain<strong>for</strong>ests, interspecific variation in leaf- and wood functional traitsrepresents the spectrum of tree life-history strategies, from shade-intolerant“pioneers” to shade tolerant late successional species. Several studies haveinvoked functional trait variation across light gradients to explain tree species coexistence.While it remains untested, it may be expected that biogeographicaldifferences in disturbance regimes may drive community-level trait distributions.For instance, in Caribbean rain<strong>for</strong>ests where large-scale disturbances with multidecadalreturn intervals (i.e. hurricanes) drive <strong>for</strong>est dynamics, one may expect treefloras to primarily express “pioneer” leaf and wood traits. However, in comparingleaf and wood functional traits across two <strong>for</strong>est types (hurricane disturbed<strong>for</strong>ests in Dominica, versus seasonally dry Panamanian rain<strong>for</strong>ests), we foundno evidence <strong>for</strong> disturbance-mediated shifts in traits. Common Dominican andPanamanian species exhibited similar ranges and distributions of photosyntheticcapacity (Amax), leaf nitrogen (N), leaf mass per area (LMA), and wood density(Dt). However, an interesting pattern unique to Dominican species was theecophysiological traits of 2 near-endemic dominant species, Amanoa caribaea(Euphorbiaceae) and Tapura latifolia (Dichapetalaceae). Both species haverestricted ranges from St. Lucia to Guadaloupe. When compared to 13 additionalcommon Dominican species, A. caribaea and T. latifolia consistently showed traitswhich bracketed the “shade tolerant” end of trait axes. For example, Amax values<strong>for</strong> A. caribaea and T. latifolia were 3.15 and 3.09 μmol m-2 s-1, respectively, andonly one species (Licania ternatensis (Chrysobalanaceae), considered a “regionalendemic”) showed lower Amax. Similarly, A. caribaea and T. latifolia exhibited 2of the 3 lowest values <strong>for</strong> foliar N, and 2 of the 3 highest values <strong>for</strong> LMA and Dt.Overall, our results suggest severe disturbance regimes may not give rise tocommunity-specific functional trait distributions. However, our results regardingthe ecophysiology of dominant near-endemic tree species in Dominicanrain<strong>for</strong>ests may provide some insight as to processes structuring Caribbeanrain<strong>for</strong>ests. Specifically, our results suggest that tree species resistant or resilientto hurricane damage, and not fast-growing pioneers thriving in disturbed areas,may evolve locally and dominate hurricane-disturbed rain<strong>for</strong>est canopies.CALCIUM CYCLING IN THE SOIL-FIG-BAT COMPARTMENT OF ANEOTROPICAL RAIN FOREST ON SPATIALLY HETEROGENEOUSSUBSTRATE IN PANAMATobias Messmer 1 , Larissa Albrecht 2 , Elisabeth K.V. Kalko 2 , Elisabeth K.V.Kalko 3 , Wolfgang Wilcke 11Institute of Geography, Bern, CH, tobias.messmer@giub.unibe.ch, 2 Universityof Ulm, Institute of Experimental <strong>Ecology</strong>, Ulm, Germany, 3 Smithsonian <strong>Tropical</strong>Research Institute, Balboa, PanamaCalcium concentrations in tropical soils are highly variable and commonly low.However, some plants, like Ficus insipida, show high Ca concentrations in theirfruit and leaf tissues. Frugivores like the bat Artibeus jamaicensis rely probablyentirely on fruits to meet their increased Ca demand during reproduction. Casupplies in soils of the Barro Colorado Island vary much depending on thegeological unit from which the soils developed. As Ca concentrations in figfruits and leaves are consistently high and vary much less than in soils thissuggests that figs use other Ca sources than soil. To investigate the fate andbehaviour of Ca, we instrumented three fig trees on each of the four geologicunits differing in Ca concentrations with stemflow and throughfall collectorsand litterfall traps. We determined (i) Ca supply in soils, fruits and leaves of thefigs, (ii) Ca fluxes with litterfall, throughfall and stemflow, (iii) the importanceof A. jamaicensis to the Ca cycle through pellets and faeces, (iv) the effectsof F. insipida on Ca concentrations in soil, and (v) the sources of Ca and thefractionation of Ca isotopes along the soil-plant-bat path.Wednesday WEDNESDAY 16:00 | FOYER | Foyergtö<strong>Society</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>Tropical</strong> <strong>Ecology</strong> | Gesellschaft für Tropenökologie e.V. Status and future of tropical biodiversity | Frankfurt, 21 - 24 February 2011gtö