Abstract booklet - gtÃƒÂ¶ Ã¢Â€Â“ Society for Tropical Ecology

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24 PARALLEL SESSIONS: MONDAY, 21 FEBRUARY, 15:15 – 18:00 | HIII: ANDEANPARALLEL SESSION: MONDAY, 15:15 – 18:00 | HIII: ANDEAN 25MONDAY 15:15 Hall H IIIParallel session Hall H III:THE ANDEAN BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOT AND ITS FUTURE:BIODIVERSITY, ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONING AND ECOSYSTEMSERVICES UNDER ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGEChairs: Jörg Bendix, Erwin BeckContact: bendix@staff.uni-marburg.deGlobally, biodiversity and ecosystem services are threatened by global andlocal environmental change. According to global analyses, main drivers fortropical alpine hotspots like the tropical Andes seem to be land use and climatechange, as well as increasing atmospheric nutrient deposition to thefrequently nutrient-limited hotspot ecosystems. However, the knowledgeon ecosystem functioning and the relations between changes in the biogeochemicalcycles, the human sphere and biodiversity is still poor. We thereforeencourage papers which have conducted ecological (field) experiments,comparative field surveys along land use and climatic gradients or numericalmodel simulations to unveil the impacts of environmental change onbiodiversity and ecosystem functioning / services for the tropical Andeanbiodiversity hotspot.Second part of this session: Thursday, 15:15 - 18:00; abstracts talks p151BIODIVERSITY AND ECOSYSTEM SERVICES UNDERENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE IN THE ANDES OF SOUTHERN ECUADORJörg Bendix 11LCRS, University of Marburg, Marburg, DE, bendix@staff.uni-marburg.deAt least it is proven since the millenium ecosystem assessment report thatbiodiversity and ecosystem services are threatened by global and localenvironmental changes. Main drivers for Alpine ecosystems seems to beclimate change, land use change and remote fertilization (e.g.nitrogene). Thisalso seems to hold for the Andean biodiversity hotspot and particularly, aspecific area in the Andes of south-eastern Ecuador where a multidisciplinaryresearch team investigates biodiversity and ecosystem functioning sincemore than 10 years. In the valley of the Rio San Francisco, the impact ofclimate and landuse changes on biodiversity, ecosystem functions and bioticanbiotic-anthropogenicinteractions are studied with field surveys, ecologicalexperiments and numerical model scenarios. Impacts on ecosystem servicesare particularly analysed by comparing two manifestations of the ecosystem,the natural mountain rain forest and pastures as the prevailing anthropogenicreplacement system.The oral presentation firstly introduces to the study area and the overallresearch design. Then, extend and development of climate and land use changeare presented. Based on that the talk will summarise the respective resultsgathered over the last ten years of ecosystem research. For instance, it will beshown that some but not all species groups reacts on local land cover changewith a decline of diversity. Potential effects of climate change on diversity andecosystem functioning will be addressed by means of investigations alongan altitudinal gradient. Furthermore, the reason for and impact of remotefertilization on ecosystem functioning will be emphasized. Finally, the currentknowledge on changes of ecosystem services as e.g. climatic and hydrologicregulation functions will be stressed.MONDAY 15:15 Hall H IIIgtöSociety for Tropical Ecology | Gesellschaft für Tropenökologie e.V. Status and future of tropical biodiversity | Frankfurt, 21 - 24 February 2011gtö
26 PARALLEL SESSION HALL H III: THE ANDEAN BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOTPARALLEL SESSION HALL H III: THE ANDEAN BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOT 27MONDAY 15:30 Hall H IIIINVESTIGATING AND PREDICTING LAND USE/LAND COVERCHANGES IN A TROPICAL MOUNTAIN FORESTOF SOUTHERN ECUADORBoris Thies 1 , Hanna Meyer 1 , Jörg Bendix 11Faculty of Geography, Marburg, DE, thies@staff.uni-marburg.deLand use and land cover (LUC) of the tropics affects climate on local andglobal scales. Nevertheless, especially tropical mountain forests are fewstudied. However, many interactions in these systems are still unknown. Theunderstanding of the dynamics in tropical mountain forests is the objective ofthe geoecological research unit 816 of the German Research Council (DFG).One essential aim of the research unit is the analysis of the soil vegetationatmosphere transfer (SVAT) in order to detect energy and water fluxes in thesystem. These fluxes predominantly depend on LUC. The Community LandModel (CLM) used in the research unit requires detailed information about theLUC as lower boundary conditions. These can be investigated by using satellitedata with respect to the different radiances. However, LUC is subjected tospatiotemporal dynamics, which do not only consist of natural dynamics butare, by now, predominantly affected by human interference. In this context,deforestation is a common phenomenon in the tropics, especially in Ecuador.In consideration of the ongoing deforestation, a land use/land cover change(LUCC) model is needed to estimate future SVAT for different climate scenarios.In the current study a model of LUCC was built for the central research area insouthern Ecuador, which was chosen as the model domain for the CLM. The LUCCmodel was constructed using information of past changes derived by remotesensing data. Special focus was on forest development patterns. A trainingperiod of 14 years between 1987 and 2001 was chosen. Two LUC classificationswere accomplished from Landsat data of the start and end date of this period. Achange detection of the training period provided the basis for predictive LUCCmodeling. Potential drivers for LUCC were applied to the model as GIS layers.The modeling procedure consisted of a combination of Markov chain analysis(MCA) for quantitative modeling and multi-layer perceptron (MLP) for revealingpotential locations of change. A multi-objective land allocation (MOLA) servedas final integration step. The model results were maps of LUC for 2006, 2010 andafterwards for every 10 years up to 2100. An internal validation was performedwith the training data. The results of the prediction were validated by comparingthe model output of 2006 to an ASTER LUC classification of the same time.VASCULAR PLANT DIVERSITY OF NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENICECOSYSTEMS IN THE ANDES OF SOUTHERN ECUADOR – STUDIESFROM THE RIO-SAN-FRANCISCO VALLEYThorsten Peters 11FAU Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, DE, tpeters@geographie.uni-erlangen.deAccording to Barthlott et al (2007) the Andes of Ecuador constitute one ofthe world´s five megadiversity hotspots of vascular plants. These hotspotcharacteristics apply particularly to the study site in the northernmost part of thePodocarpus National Park (3°58`S, 79°04`W). Here, family and species numbersvary considerably between primary mountain forest stands and anthropogenicsites at similar altitudes. During the past fifty years the magnitude of land usehas grown at the upper parts of the south Ecuadorian valleys. Although climatechange is intensely debated as a cause of future species extinctions, humanland use is currently the most important threat to biodiversity (Köster et al2009). Otherwise, an additional contribution to biodiversity by intentionallyintroduced and collateral invasive taxa by human impact is mostly ignored.The presentation focuses on the latter topic by comparing the local vascularplant diversity on natural and anthropogenic study sites to estimate the humaninfluences on vascular plant diversity on the local scale of the Rio San Franciscovalley.MONDAY 15:45 Hall H IIIgtöSociety for Tropical Ecology | Gesellschaft für Tropenökologie e.V. Status and future of tropical biodiversity | Frankfurt, 21 - 24 February 2011gtö
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150 PLENARY KEYNOTE THURSDAY HALL I
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244 NOTESNOTES245. . . . . . . . .
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248 GENERAL INFORMATIONGENERAL INFO
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252 INDEX PARTICIPANTSINDEX PARTICI
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260CONFERENCE VENUE - CAMPUS BOCKEN
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