RNA SPLICING AND PROCESSING

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Figure 24.29 Archaeal tRNA splicing endonuclease cleaves each strandat a bulge in a bulge-helix-bulge motif.An endonuclease cleaves thetRNA precursors at bothends of the intron.The yeast endonuclease is aheterotetramer, with two(related) catalytic subunits.It uses a measuringmechanism to determine thesites of cleavage by theirpositions relative to a pointin the tRNA structure.The archaeal nuclease has asimpler structure andrecognizes a bulge-helixbulgestructural motif in thesubstrate.B-34
Figure 24.30 Splicing of tRNA requires separate nuclease and ligaseactivities. The exon-intron boundaries are cleaved by the nuclease to generate2 -3 cyclic phosphate and 5’ OH termini. The cyclic phosphate is opened togenerate 3’ -OH and 2’ phosphate groups. The 5’ -OH is phosphorylated. Afterreleasing the intron, the tRNA half molecules fold into a tRNA-like structure thatnow has a 3’ -OH, 5’ -P break. This is sealed by a ligase.B-35
Page 1 and 2: RNA SPLICING AND PROCESSINGPre-mRNA
Page 3 and 4: The physical form of hnRNA is hnRNP
Page 5 and 6: Nuclear splice junctions are short
Page 7 and 8: What ensures that the correct pairs
Page 9 and 10: The branch site in yeast ishighly c
Page 11 and 12: The five snRNPs involved in splicin
Page 13 and 14: Binding of U1 snRNP to the 5′ spl
Page 15 and 16: The direct way of forming an E comp
Page 17 and 18: Following formation of the E comple
Page 19 and 20: •Binding of U5 and U4/U6 snRNPs c
Page 21 and 22: Figure 24.16 The EJC (exon junction
Page 23 and 24: Figure 24.18 Three classes of splic
Page 25 and 26: Figure 24.20 Nuclear splicing and g
Page 27 and 28: The ratio of X chromosomes toautoso
Page 29 and 30: SL RNA is a small RNA that donates
Page 31 and 32: Figure 24.26 The intron in yeast tR
Page 33: Figure 24.28 The 3’ and 5’ clea
Page 37 and 38: 45S RNA is a precursor that contain
Page 39 and 40: RNA polymerase I terminates transcr
Page 41 and 42: •The sequence AAUAAA is a signal
Page 43 and 44: Figure 24.35 The 3 processing compl
Page 45 and 46: •Histone mRNAs are not polyadenyl
Page 47 and 48: Figure 24.38 The rrn operons in E.
Page 49 and 50: Figure 24.40 Uridine is converted t
Page 51: B-51

RNA SPLICING AND PROCESSING

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