The English Noun Phrase in its Sentential Aspect - Vinartus

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22 CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION2 OverviewThe organization of the thesis is as follows. Chapter Two is titled \NounPhrase and Sentence". I begin with a general discussion of parallels thathave been seen between sentence and noun phrase, historically, and parallelsin their structure within current theory. In section 2, I focus on the questionof In and AGR in the noun phrase, presenting a survey of languages inwhich nouns show agreement with their possessors. After considering theevidence for an Inectional head of the noun phrase, I consider how thisproposal should be spelled out, in section 3. In section 4, I discuss anissue raised in a new form by the In-in-NP analysis, which is of particularrelevance to noun-phrase/sentence parallelism: the question of PRO in thenoun phrase. Finally, in section 5, I treat some of the dierences betweennoun phrase and sentence.Chapter Three is devoted to the English gerund. I present in detail theevidence which shows that it is accurate to characterize the gerund as acreature which is half noun phrase, half verb phrase. I discuss previousattempts to solve this riddle, and incorporate aspects of several of theseanalyses| especially that of Jackendo (1977)|into my own solution. Anidea that plays a central role in my solution is that phonologically dependentaxes can behave as independent words, syntactically. Here I relyespecially on Baker (1985b).In Chapter Four, I turn to the question whether determiners are thelexical elements that occupy the D position. I argue that a major motivationfor assuming so is that it provides us with enough positions in a \Two-Bar"X-bar theory to account for the quite complex range of distinctions to befound in the structure of the noun phrase specier. Again, I rely heavilyon Jackendo (1977). I also discuss the adjective phrase at some length,arguing for parallel analyses of adjective phrase and noun phrase.
Chapter 2Noun Phrase andSentence1 General SimilaritiesThe similarities between noun phrase and sentence have received muchattention in Generative Grammar. In this section, I will consider a few ofthose similarities in a general way.Lees 1960, the rst doctoral dissertation to come from MIT in linguistics,considered the similarities between sentences and noun phrases. Henoted, rst, that sentences and noun phrases are similar in their externaldistribution. Both sentence and noun phrase occur as subject or directobject both sentence and noun phrase undergo Passive:(17) a. John surprised me.That John came surprised me.b. Iknow John.Iknow that John came.c. John was known t by many linguists.That John came was known t by many linguists.For this reason, Lees assumed that embedded sentences were dominatedby an NP node. For him, nominalization included not only derived nominaland gerund, but all categories with sentence-like internal semantics,which appear in an argument position. This was a common view in earlygenerative grammar. At least in some contexts, embedded sentences were23
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The English Noun Phrase in its Sentential Aspect - Vinartus

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