number <strong>in</strong> his l<strong>and</strong>scape log, which reads “jaspers lake with Meats rock” (Kane,Portrait <strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong>scape Log).18. Peter J. Murphy, Robert Udell, <strong>and</strong> Robert E. Stevenson, “The H<strong>in</strong>ton Forest 1955–2000: A Case Study <strong>in</strong> Adaptive Forest Management,” Typescript Report, FoothillsModel Forest History Series, vol. 2 (H<strong>in</strong>ton, AB: Foothills Model Forest, 2002),Chap. 5, 18.19. As Kane sketched <strong>the</strong> l<strong>and</strong>scape, Brule Hill descends <strong>in</strong> a right-to-left l<strong>in</strong>e from <strong>the</strong>right edge of <strong>the</strong> sketch across its centre to <strong>the</strong> lakeshore. Between Err<strong>in</strong>gton <strong>and</strong>Brule hills, Supply Creek runs <strong>in</strong>to Brule Lake. I thank Bob Stevenson for his assistancewith identifications.20. Information about <strong>the</strong> order of <strong>the</strong> sketches, collated from several sources, isprovided on page 65, as Appendix 2.21. The fur<strong>the</strong>r possibility arises that Kane made his sketches while travell<strong>in</strong>g eastboundwhen return<strong>in</strong>g from <strong>the</strong> Pacific Slope <strong>in</strong> 1847, <strong>in</strong> which case he would have reachedFiddle River before Solomon Creek, but <strong>the</strong> chronological order of entries <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> l<strong>and</strong>scapelog precludes this possibility; <strong>the</strong> sketches bear<strong>in</strong>g lower numbers perta<strong>in</strong> to<strong>the</strong> prairies, higher numbers to places far<strong>the</strong>r upriver <strong>and</strong> over <strong>Athabasca</strong> Pass on <strong>the</strong>Columbia River.22. As <strong>the</strong> Fiddle River sketch (31) was not exhibited at <strong>the</strong> exhibition that Kane heldupon his return to Toronto, it may be that it lacks some of <strong>the</strong> f<strong>in</strong>ish that he mighthave given it had he <strong>in</strong>tended it for public view<strong>in</strong>g.23. I am grateful to Cultural Resource Management Specialist Mike Dillon <strong>and</strong> hiscolleague at Jasper, Dennis Welsh, former barn manager, for this <strong>in</strong>formation.24. The flats by Cottonwood Creek also served as <strong>the</strong> site at one time for Milner’s Dairy<strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> pasturage for its cows.25. Given its number<strong>in</strong>g by Kane—36—this misidentified sketch appears to havesucceeded ra<strong>the</strong>r than preceded Kane’s sketch of Larocque’s Prairie—“35 le Rocksprarey with wild horsses”—made from <strong>the</strong> same side of <strong>the</strong> river.26. The confusion with <strong>the</strong> Cascades, <strong>in</strong>itially Kane’s <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> exhibition catalogue, appearsto account for <strong>Paul</strong> Kane III’s misidentification of Laroque’s Prairie; his h<strong>and</strong>writ<strong>in</strong>g<strong>in</strong> black <strong>in</strong>k <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> lower left of that watercolour (Fig. 2.14) places that scene <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong>“Cascade Mounta<strong>in</strong>s B. Columbia.” Apparently, <strong>the</strong> similarity <strong>in</strong> appearance of <strong>the</strong>bench <strong>in</strong> that sketch, which bears <strong>the</strong> number 35, <strong>and</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> one that Kane numbered36 (Fig. 2.16) prompted <strong>the</strong> gr<strong>and</strong>son to conclude that if his gr<strong>and</strong>fa<strong>the</strong>r had identified36 as Cascades, 35 must depict Cascades, as well. The word “Cascade” appears <strong>in</strong>black <strong>in</strong>k on <strong>the</strong> verso of number 36; to <strong>the</strong> right of it, <strong>in</strong> graphite <strong>and</strong> <strong>in</strong> a differenth<strong>and</strong>, are <strong>the</strong> words “Columbia River.” Significantly, “187,” <strong>the</strong> number <strong>in</strong> graphite <strong>in</strong><strong>the</strong> centre of <strong>the</strong> verso, is followed by a question mark, <strong>the</strong> only one that succeeds anumber that corresponds to <strong>the</strong> exhibition catalogue for 1848. Rout<strong>in</strong>ely, thatnumber appears <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> centre of <strong>the</strong> verso of a sketch, is <strong>in</strong>variably written <strong>in</strong> graphite<strong>in</strong> Kane’s h<strong>and</strong>, <strong>and</strong> often is circled. It is difficult to state with assurance that <strong>the</strong>question mark was added at a later date.27. Kane, Field Notes, 1846–1848, Stark Museum of Art, Orange, Texas, 11.84/5; “‘Icame to rite thare portraits’: <strong>Paul</strong> Kane’s Journal of his Western Travels, 1846–1848,”transcr., ed., <strong>and</strong> <strong>in</strong>tro. I.S. MacLaren, The American Art Journal 21, no. 2 (1989): 50.I . S . M a c L a r e n 69
28. George Simpson, Fur Trade <strong>and</strong> Empire: George Simpson’s Journal entitled RemarksConnected with <strong>the</strong> Fur Trade <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> Course of a Voyage from York Factory to Fort George<strong>and</strong> Back to York Factory 1824–1825; with related Documents, rev. ed., ed. FrederickMerk (1931; Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press, Harvard University Press, 1968), 34.29. Kane, Field Notes, 1846–1848; “‘I came to rite thare portraits,’” 50.30. Harper suggests that at least one of <strong>the</strong> animal sketches, depict<strong>in</strong>g four pack horses,was made <strong>in</strong> 1846 (IV-253, Royal Ontario Museum, 946.15.133). See items IV-253 toIV-269 <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> catalogue raisonné of Harper, ed., <strong>Paul</strong> Kane’s Frontier, 291–92.31. See I.S. MacLaren, “Cultured Wilderness <strong>in</strong> Jasper National Park,” Journal of CanadianStudies/Revue d’Études canadiennes 34, no. 3 (Fall 1999): 29–31; Lynda Jessup,“The Group of Seven <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> Tourist L<strong>and</strong>scape <strong>in</strong> Western Canada, or The MoreTh<strong>in</strong>gs Change…,” Journal of Canadian Studies/Revue d’Études canadiennes 37, no. 1(Spr<strong>in</strong>g 2002): 144–79.32. W<strong>and</strong>er<strong>in</strong>gs of an Artist (1859), 154; W<strong>and</strong>er<strong>in</strong>gs of an Artist among <strong>the</strong> Indians of NorthAmerica, Master-Works of Canadian Authors, vol. 7, ed. John W. Garv<strong>in</strong>, <strong>in</strong>tro. <strong>and</strong>notes Lawrence J. Burpee (Toronto: Radisson Society of Canada, 1925), 105.33. <strong>Paul</strong> Kane, Field Notes; “‘I came to rite thare portraits,’” 33–36.70 <strong>Henry</strong> <strong>James</strong> Warre’s <strong>and</strong> <strong>Paul</strong> Kane’s <strong>Sketches</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Athabasca</strong> Watershed, 1846
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