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performance evaluation of swarm intelligence based power system ...

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Venkatesh et al. [46] have built an EP algorithm to solve the CEED pmblemwith line flow constraints. The line flows in MVA have been computed directly fromthe Newto=Raphson method. A novel modified price penalty factor has beenintroduced to find the exact economic emission fuel cost with respect to the loaddemand. The test results <strong>of</strong> IEEE-14, -30 and -1 18 bus <strong>system</strong>s have been comparedwith that <strong>of</strong> other evolutionary computing techniques.Abido [47] has derived a Pareto-<strong>based</strong> multiobjective evolutionary algorithm(MOEA) for solving an environmental/economic electric <strong>power</strong> dispatch pmblem.This fuzzy-<strong>based</strong> hierarchical clustering technique has been implemented in order toobtain the best solution. The test results <strong>of</strong> an IEEE-30 bus <strong>system</strong> have beencompared with that <strong>of</strong> other traditional multiobjective optimization techniques.1.3.1.3. Economic Load Dispatch with Prohibited Operating ZonesWalters et al. 1481 have developed a genetic algorithm to solve the economicdispatch problem with valve-point effects. This algorithm has utilized pay<strong>of</strong>finformation <strong>of</strong> the candidate solutions to evaluate their optimality. The test results <strong>of</strong>three units <strong>system</strong> have been compared with that <strong>of</strong> dynamic programming method.Wong et al. [49] have built an incremental genetic algorithm <strong>based</strong> approachfor the determination <strong>of</strong> global or near-global optimum solution. Another techniquethat incorporates both incremental genetic theory and simulated annealing has servedto determine the economic loadings <strong>of</strong> 13 generators in a practical <strong>power</strong> <strong>system</strong> withthe effects <strong>of</strong> valve-point loading and ramping characteristics. The test results havebeen found to yield better results when compared with that <strong>of</strong> simulated annealing<strong>based</strong> method.Chen et al. [50] have presented a GA-<strong>based</strong> method that uses the incrementalcost <strong>of</strong> encoded parameter <strong>of</strong> the <strong>system</strong> for solving the ED problem taking intoaccount the network losses, ramp rate limits, valve-point zone and prohibitedoperating zone. The numerical results <strong>of</strong> the method for a large scale 40-unit <strong>system</strong>have been compared with that <strong>of</strong> lambda-iteration method.

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