Chapter 14. Anthropometry and Biomechanics - FAA

HFDS 2003 (amended Oct 2009)Chapter 14 Anthropometry and biomechanicsGlossaryAbduction - Movement away from the midline of the body.Acromion - The point of the shoulder.Adduction - Movement toward the midline.Anthropometry - The scientific measurement and collection of data about human physicalcharacteristics and the application (engineering anthropometry) of these data in the design andevaluation of systems, equipment, manufactured products, human-made environments, andfacilities.Bideltoid breadth - The maximum horizontal distance between the lateral margins of theupper arms on the deltoid muscles.Biomechanics - Describes the mechanical characteristics of biological systems, in this casethe human body, in terms of physical measures and mechanical models.Circumduction - A continuous circular movement of a limb.Correlation coefficient or "r" value - Describes the degree to which two variables varytogether (positive correlation) or vary inversely (negative correlation). The correlationcoefficient (r), has a range of values from +1.0 (perfect positive correlation) through -1.0(perfect negative correlation). Multiple correlation involves the predictable relationship oftwo or more variables with another criterion variable (such as a composite measurementvalue).Crinion - The midpoint of the hairline.Depression - The lowering of a body member from its normal position.Design limits approach - A method of applying population or sample statistics and dataabout human physical characteristics to a design so that a desired portion of the userpopulation is accommodated by the design. The range of users accommodated is a function oflimits used in setting the population portion.Distal - Away from the trunk (torso).Dynamic strength - A force exerted by limbs moving in a smooth manner over time, such aswhile lifting an object.Ectocanthus - The outside corner of the right eye formed by the meeting of the upper andlower eyelids. (Plural of ectocanthus is ectocanthi).Elevation - The raising of a body member from a normal position.14-55