Student's Book – Dec 2009 (5.9mb) - The Curriculum Project

exercisematchingMatch the pictures with the captions:1. 2. 3.A. B. C.As trade developed, somesmall settlements grew intotowns and cities.The earliest civilisationswere developed by peopleliving in settlements.2.3 SURPLUS AND INEQUALITYKEY WORDSMany ancient peoples werenomads. They raised animals –sheep, horses, etc. They didn’tlive in one place. They travelledfrom place to place to find pasturefor their animals and to trade.accumulate (v) – to collectbarter (n) – system of exchange of goods that does not use moneyclass (n) – a section of society with similar economic and social characteristicscrafts people (n) – people who are skilled in a craftefficient (adj) – something that produces good results and doesn’t take much timeinequality (n) – when one person or group has more than anotherpottery (n) – bowls and other things made of fired claysupervise (v) – direct and inspect other people’s worksurplus (n) – more than you needpreviewIn today’s world, some people have a lot of money and some people have a little.Some people have extra food and some people have no food. Why do you think thisis? Has it always been this way, do you think?case studydiscussioncompareand contrast,cause andeffectXing, Devi and Lin Oo are farmers. Xing has a farm in the mountains. The farm doesn’tget much water, except when it rains. Every year, Xing is able to grow just enough food forhis family to eat, but sometimes when the rains don’t come, they are hungry.Devi has a farm in the hills. The soil is good because the rain washes some minerals andsoil down from the mountains onto her farm. Every year, Devi can grow enough food tofeed her family, and she has some left over.Lin Oo has a farm in a river valley. The ground is very fertile and Lin Oo is able to grow alot of food every year. Even when the rains don’t come, Lin Oo is able to water his cropswith water from the river.What differences do you think might begin to occur between these three farmersover time?Imagine that Xing’s great grand-daughter discovers some bronze in the mountains andstarts making some tools to help with the farming. What do you think might change?13