Missing the Target #5: Improving AIDS Drug Access ... - CD8 T cells

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NIGERIADiagnostic testsDiagnostic tests are also provided at no cost to clients at federal government andPEPFAR-supported sites. However, there are variations with respect to the provisionof such tests. According to one HIV-positive individual accessing treatment at theFederal Medical Centre Owerri, Imo State, in southeastern Nigeria, diagnostic testsin his treatment facility were not free. He said that CD4 count tests cost about $8each and that patients must pay for viral load tests conducted outside the facility(since it does not offer such tests). Both government and PEPFAR sites are supposedto offer CD4 monitoring tests at no cost to the patient, but some of these centershave yet to offer the tests for free.Additional free supportThe free treatment policy announced by the federal government in December2005 also includes free services other than ART provision, such as PMTCT servicesfor pregnant women. Moreover, some facilities visited by the researchers in Lagosand Abuja provide free support services such as Caesarian-section surgery for HIVpositivemothers giving birth and free infant formula for newborn infants.89
PhilippinesBy Nenet L. Ortega, Noel Quinto, and Eddy RazonBackground and current situationThe HIV epidemic in the Philippines has been characterized by the Department ofHealth and UNAIDS as “low and slow” but “hidden and growing.” Since 1984,when the first individual was diagnosed, a cumulative total of 2,916 HIV cases havebeen officially registered (although WHO estimates that perhaps 10,000 Filipinosmay be HIV-positive but unaware of their serostatus). According to the officialnumbers, 2,146 (74 percent) are asymptomatic and 770 (26 percent) have beendiagnosed with AIDS, of whom 304 have died. (The official numbers do not includethose diagnosed outside of the country.)The Philippines government has launched numerous prevention initiatives yet hasgiven comparatively limited attention to treatment, care, and support. Until early2000, HIV treatments were available only through clinical research conducted bycommercial interests, although participants were often not adequately informedabout the purpose, risks, or potential benefits of these studies.In 2003, the Philippines government vowed to provide all HIV-positive Filipinoswith access to comprehensive treatment, care, and support. Staff from governmentfundedregional and local medical facilities trained personnel in HIV/AIDS casemanagement; these individuals are now members of what is called the HIV/AIDSCore Team (HACT).Despite this commitment, initial government treatment plans were not realizeddue to drug procurement problems. Ultimately, initiation of the government’s HIVtreatment program depended on receiving money from the Global Fund, which wasnot disbursed until 2004. However, even once funding was available to support 150people on ART, the government was slow to deliver. Drugs only became availablein the first quarter of 2006 and free ARVs were finally provided in March and April2006 to qualified HIV-positive persons.90
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Missing the Target #5:Improving AID
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ArgentinaDr. María Lorena Di Giano
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Executive SummaryAt the G8 meeting
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• UN agencies should provide incr
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Price should not be a barrier when
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The Global Fund and UNITAID: The Fu
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The real cost of free treatmentBy a
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Remaining work for asuccessful prog
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DOMINICAN REPUBLICto access rapid t
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DOMINICAN REPUBLICIn Santo Domingo
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ZIMBABWEtreatment, representing 35
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ZIMBABWEAccording to the Medicines
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ZIMBABWEZimbabwe’s application fo
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ZIMBABWENational government• Addr
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RUSSIAMigrantsRussia, with the seco
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a person with HIV will die very qui
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FamiliesIn Kenya, families are the
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INDIA2. Provide pediatric formulati
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Linking nutrition and treatmentBy W
Page 46 and 47: Most people living with advanced HI
Page 48 and 49: only available in the capital, Yaou
Page 50 and 51: ZAMBIAFindings in particular provin
Page 52 and 53: The DACA for Chadiza District was a
Page 54 and 55: Many health care workers are inadeq
Page 56 and 57: DRUG REGISTRATION BARRIERS & LOGJAM
Page 58 and 59: Country ATV RLPV/rLPV/r(HS)TDFArgen
Page 60 and 61: development and registration. Likew
Page 62 and 63: Capacity issues and delays in the W
Page 64 and 65: Lack of post-approval quality assur
Page 66 and 67: ARV PROCUREMENT, REGISTRATION,AND S
Page 68 and 69: ARGENTINAParallel importingRelating
Page 70 and 71: ARGENTINAAccess to ARVsNo difficult
Page 72 and 73: Viral load tests are available, but
Page 74 and 75: Cambodiaby Mony PenOnly pharmacists
Page 76 and 77: ChinaBy anonymous Missing the Targe
Page 78 and 79: CHINAThe current process for regist
Page 80 and 81: Dominican RepublicBy Eugene Schiff
Page 82 and 83: IndiaBy Abraham KK, Celina D’Cost
Page 84 and 85: MalawiBy Lot Nyirenda and Grace Bon
Page 86 and 87: MALAWIStock-outsAccording to an ext
Page 88 and 89: MoroccoBy Othman MelloukMorocco has
Page 90 and 91: Determine the patent status of all
Page 92 and 93: MOROCCOThe shortage occurred becaus
Page 94 and 95: As of November 2007, the unit cost
Page 98 and 99: The government’s initial inabilit
Page 100 and 101: Increase training and capacity buil
Page 102 and 103: treatment practice. The Minster ann
Page 104 and 105: Ugandaby Richard Hasunira, Prima Ka
Page 106 and 107: UGANDAExtracts from the MoH’s rep
Page 108 and 109: ZAMBIAIn gathering this information
Page 110 and 111: However, since manufacturing prices
Page 112 and 113: 105SHORT SUMMARY
Page 114: PAKISTANAccess for marginalized gro
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