ANNUAL ACTIVITY REPORT - Instituto de Biologia da UFRJ

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Figure 1. Plasma levels of chloride, inorganic phosphate, magnesium, and calcium in the Antarctic fi sh Notothenia rossii subjected to thermal and salinitystress. Fluoride was supplied by trophic pathway. Results expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean.against the toxic effect of fluoride (Yin et al., 2010).Differences were also not observed between the meansvalues of controls, experimental and nature (PP and ECO)groups. The choice of ECO and PP was taken into accountconsidering the probable effect of fluoride present in highconcentrations in the soils and sediments near the PenguinRookeries (Xie & Sun, 2003), on the plasmatic levels ofnon-protein electrolytes.The low salinity expressively decrease the levels ofplasmatic calcium, whereas chloride and magnesium levelswere reduced by thermal stress. Fluoride was capable toinduce reduction of chloride plasmatic levels, only underthermal and salinity stress. It is well known that warmingtends to reduce the blood osmolality of Antarctic fish,without an increase in cortisol or hematocrit, indicatingthat the acclimatization to warming is not mediated bystress response (Hudson et al., 2008). As the osmolalityis principally maintained by NaCl (Dobbs III & DeVries,1974), chloride reduction in the N. rossii blood shouldbe expected by warming (Figure 2), even though studieswith Notothenia neglecta showed that low salinity did notsignificantly change the levels of Na + and Cl - in the bloodafter 10 days exposure to ≅ 16 psu (Romão et al., 2001).Calcium and magnesium have a key role in a large rangeof physiological processes. The renal tissue of Antarcticfish is capable of excreting magnesium and chloride in the128 | Annual Activity Report 2010
Figure 2. Interrelation between hyposmotic acclimation, drinking ratio, osmolality and serum levels of calcium, chloride and sodium. The metabolic answer ofhyposaline and thermal acclimation effect of Antarctic fi sh Notothenia rossii is shown on the left. The warm acclimation effect on osmolality and drinking ratioof Trematomus bernacchii is shown on the right (data from Petzel (2005) and fi sh images from (Fischer & Hureau, 1985)).urine against a gradient concentration as part of controlmechanisms evolved in maintenance of blood osmolality(Dobbs III & DeVries, 1974). In warm acclimation ofAntarctic fish, Petzel (2005) observed that the bloodosmolality reduction was accompanied by a rise in drinkingratio and reduction of chloride and sodium serum levels(Figure 2).The calcium entrance to the blood in marine teleostsis basically through intestine (drinking). Gills and kidneyshave a central role in calcaemia control and are capable ofactively excreting this metallic cation (Pinto et al., 2010).The hypocalcaemia of N. rossii acclimated a 0 °C e 20 psucan be due to low calcium concentration in the seawaterat 20 psu. Although in warm and hyposaline acclimation(4 °C e 20 psu), N. rossii calcaemia was maintained close tocontrol levels (0 °C e 35 psu). In this case, the thermic stress(4 °C) could be causing reduction of blood osmolality andincrease the drinking rate of N. rossii compensating the lowcalcium concentration in the 20 psu seawater through a risein drinking volume (Figure 2).ConclusionThe present study revealed that warming, hyposalinityand trophic fluoride interfere with plasmatic non proteinelectrolytes levels of Antarctic fish N. rossi. Consideringthe variables studied and blood parameters analyzed theplasmatic calcium stand out as an excellent biochemicalbiomarker of hyposaline stress.AcknowledgementsThis study was sponsored by INCT-APA (CNPq ProcessNo. 574018/2008-5, FAPERJ E-26/170.023/2008)], andsupported by Environmental Ministry (MMA), theSecretariat for the Marine Resources InterministerialCommittee (SECIRM) and Ministry of Science andTechnology (MCT).Science Highlights - Thematic Area 3 |129
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Annual Activity Report 2010Expedien
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I59aCataloguing CardNational Instit
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PRESENTATIONNational Institute of S
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6 | Annual Activity Report 2010
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universities and other research ins
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INTRODUCTIONAntarctica Environmenta
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SCIENCE HIGHLIGHTS14 Thematic Area
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CoordinatorDr. Neusa Maria Paes Lem
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and the data from this period does
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Science Highlights - Thematic Area
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The ionosphere is also disturbed by
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Figure 2. a) NPM Daytime VLF amplit
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scales (minutes to hours) occur in
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2STUDIES OF GRAVITY WAVES AT FERRAZ
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abcFigure 1. Histogram plots of the
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Figure 3. Examples of winds observe
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3INFLUENCE OF THE ANTARCTIC OZONE H
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abcFigure 2. Event of 05 September
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Kirchhoff, V.W.J.H.; Schuch, N.J.;
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In regions where the air pollution
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Figure 5. Correlation between the S
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Fioletov, V.E.; Griffi oen, E.; Ker
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index that expresses how effective
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the samples (represented by standar
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Preliminary ResultsFigure 1. A mode
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Figure 4. Spatial distribution of t
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which illustrates the dynamism of t
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CoordinatorAntonio Batista PereiraV
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Rodrigo MachadoFigure 4. Skua in ca
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and distribution of the plant commu
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small rock fragments. In this subst
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2GLOBAL PATTERNS IN SOIL BACTERIAL
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abFigure 1. a) Dendrogram illustrat
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Lamarche, J.; Bradley, R.L.; Hooper
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(Schaeffer, 2004) as well on rocks
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The others frequent moss species we
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4INSECTICIDAL EFFECTS OF ANTARCTICA
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a b cFigure 1. Drosophila melanogas
Page 79 and 80: Pereira, B.K.; Rosa, R.M.; da Silva
Page 81 and 82: accumulation. The areas were visite
Page 83 and 84: (Croxall et al., 2002; Ballerini et
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Page 87 and 88: the foraging habits of seabirds (Ma
Page 89 and 90: 7TOPOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS USED
Page 91 and 92: Table 1. Descriptive Statistics of
Page 93 and 94: 8FACTORS INFLUENCING BROWN SKUA REP
Page 95 and 96: DiscussionOne of the causes of bree
Page 97 and 98: 9NEST ATTENDANCE OF SOUTHERN GIANT
Page 99 and 100: Table 1. Tagging date, digital tran
Page 101 and 102: All other individuals initially con
Page 103 and 104: CoordinatorDr. Helena Passeri Lavra
Page 105 and 106: The differences found between the s
Page 107 and 108: DeWitt, H.H., (1966). A revision of
Page 109 and 110: Science Highlights - Thematic Area
Page 111 and 112: y epifluorescence microscopy, and f
Page 113 and 114: adbecfFigure 2. Results of salinity
Page 115 and 116: seasonal prevalence of cryptophytes
Page 117 and 118: 2PLANKTON STRUCTURE A IN SHALLOW CO
Page 119 and 120: with the freshly broken end of a gl
Page 121 and 122: driven turbulence may have a positi
Page 123 and 124: 3PLANKTON STRUCTURE A IN SHALLOWCOA
Page 125 and 126: Figures 1-23. Common species found
Page 127 and 128: AcknowledgementsTo the Instituto Na
Page 129: temperature impact in the adaptatio
Page 133 and 134: 5ARGINASE KINETIC CHARACTERIZATION
Page 135 and 136: abFigure 2. Tissue levels of argina
Page 137 and 138: and high availability of this metal
Page 139 and 140: 6ARSENIC, COPPER AND ZINC IN MARINE
Page 141 and 142: Figure 1. As contents (mg.kg -1 ) i
Page 143 and 144: 7MOLECULAR DIFFERENTIATION OF TWO A
Page 145 and 146: abcFigure 1. Digestion profi le of
Page 147 and 148: 8DISTRIBUTION OF STEROLS IN SEDIMEN
Page 149 and 150: Ferraz Antarctic Station (EACF), th
Page 151 and 152: ReferencesBromberg, S.; Nonato, E.F
Page 153 and 154: Bay environment is subjected to lit
Page 155 and 156: and associated to natural contribut
Page 157 and 158: 10THE ROLE OF EARLY DIAGENESIS IN T
Page 159 and 160: Figure 1. Location of sampling stat
Page 161 and 162: Figure 3. Sterol degradation model
Page 163 and 164: Ternois, Y.; Sicre, M.A.; Boireau,
Page 165 and 166: C. perfringens were detected in are
Page 167 and 168: 1.80E+005Sulphite reducing clostrid
Page 169 and 170: 12ASPECTS OF POPULATION STRUCTURE O
Page 171 and 172: Table 1. Shell length and sex ratio
Page 173 and 174: 13MONITORING THE IMPACT OF HUMAN AC
Page 175 and 176: the laboratory, samples were staine
Page 177 and 178: impact due to human activities at t
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abFigure 3. a) Moderate wind direct
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Hydrodynamics generated by strong a
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in sediment and in some benthic org
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2005/2006. This study was part of t
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The differences between the two sum
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2008). Recent studies have shown th
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Table 1. Taxa of microfauna associa
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ReferencesConvey, P.; Block, W. & P
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eferred to as “biotic homogenizat
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Table 1. Numeric values and percent
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CoordinatorCristina Engel de Alvare
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level of compliance with the requir
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2BIOREMEDIATION, HYDROCARBON DEPLET
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Figure 3. In situ bioaugmentation e
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3METHODOLOGY OF THERMAL PERFORMANCE
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abFigure 1. Location of the thermo-
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Figure 5. Temperatures in the cabin
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4MANAGEMENT OF THE PRODUCTION OF SO
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Revitalization Program (Alvarez et
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ReferencesAlvarez, C.E.; Woelffel,
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esult of a dynamic combination of p
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49484746454443424140393837363534333
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a panel with an interactive magneti
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Figura 5. Book published in coopera
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THEMATIC AREA 42 PhD STUDENTS IN TH
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Guerra, R.; Fetter, E.; Ceschim, L.
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Publications |237
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Dr. Joel Campos de Paula (UNIRIO)de
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Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Te
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