assessment of fuzzy set theory in different paradigm - ijater

International Journal of Advanced Technology & Engineering Research (IJATER)www.ijater.comASSESSMENT OF FUZZY SET THEORY IN DIFFERENTPARADIGMFirst A. A.P.Burnwal, Guru Gobind Singh Educational Society‟s Technical Campus, Bokaro-827013, Jharkhand, Indiaapburnwal@yahoo.comSecond B. Abhishek Kumar, Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, University College of Engineering Technology,Vinoba Bhave University, Hazaribag-825301, Jharkhand, Indiaabhishekec02@gmail.comThird C. Santosh Kumar Das, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Dr. B. C. Roy Engineering College, Durgapur-713206,W.B, Indiasunsantosh2007@rediffmail.comAbstractHuman brain processes imprecise attributes like good,worst, beautiful, strong, weak, small, big, less, tall, short,smart etc. The concepts of fuzzy set theory become a tool todeal numerous such daily life situations in a more realisticway. It handles the concept of partial truth. It has rapidlybecome one of the most successful of today‟s mathematicaltools for handling real life problems. Since its inception, ithas been advanced in many disciplines and pervaded almostall field of study. The scope of its applications is still growingcontinuously. This paper deals with a focus on someimportant application areas.KeywordsFuzzy Logic, Science, Engineering1. IntroductionThe fuzzy set theory is a theory of graded concepts. It isthe extension of conventional set theory and handles theconcept of partial truth between completely true and completelyfalse. In the real life, the human brain processesmany fuzzy attributes (Large, Long, Small, Good, Tall, Expensive,Sporty, Costly, Intelligent, old, young, Superior,Genius etc.) as comparative interpretations.one of the mostimportant facts about the analytical capacity of human brainis its ability to summarize information into labels of fuzzysets, which bear an approximate relation to the primary data.Human reasoning is not based on a two-valued logic or evena multi-valued logic, but a fuzzy logic. A large part of fuzzylogic is the concept of fuzzy sets. A fuzzy set includes fuzzylogic into its reasoning. Actually fuzzy sets suggest for handlingthe imprecision of real world situations by using truthvaluesbetween the usual dichotomical states of true andfalse. In ordinary set (Cantor‟s set), an object is either amember of a set or it is not. There cannot be any member inbetween. For example the set of all graduate students is anordinary set. But the set of all brilliant graduate students isnot really an ordinary set, sharp boundary between the studentswho are members and who are not. The belongingnessis not clear-cut but vague. It is defined as „Let‟ X” be a nonemptyset and x be an element of X. A fuzzy set A of X isdefined by the following set of pairs A={x,µA(x):xεX}where, µA(x) ε [0,1] is the membership function of A, givesthe degree of belongingness (membership) of xεX in A. Degreeof the membership function for each member xεXrepresents its satisfaction level. If the membership functionof a member is one or zero then element is fully achieved ornot at all achieved. If the membership function lies in ]0,1[then the element is partially achieved.2. Historical development of fuzzy settheory1965: Prof. Zadeh first published a paper on fuzzy sets inthe Information and Control Journal. He was the first academicwho addressed the fuzzy concepts concretely and mathematically.1969: Biological applications of the theory of fuzzy sets.1970: Bellman and zadeh have first given the concept ofdecision making in fuzzy environment using fuzzy settheory. Since then the investigation in MCDM using fuzzyset concepts is being extended in different directions.1972: Prof. Zadeh proposed fuzzy control theory and approximationreasoning.1972: Prof. C.Y.S Long and Prof. K.Y.T Fu set up “FuzzySystem Association” in Japan.1974:. Prof. E.H. Mamdani of London University succeededin applying Fuzzy Control Theory in steamed machine.1974: The Fuzzy Set and Its Applications Conference wasjointly organized by Japan and the United States. This wasthe first time to introduce the fuzzy theories to academics.1978: Zimmermann, H. J., used the concept of fuzzy settheory in linear programming problem.1978: Fuzzy Partitions and Relations1980: The F.L. Smith Co. in Holland applied fuzzy theoryto the automatic operation of cement making. This was thefirst commercialized product applying fuzzy theory.1980: Narasimhan was the first who investigated FGP.ISSN No: 2250-3536 Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2013 16

1981: China established “China Fuzzy Mathematics andSystem Association.” The members were mainly mathematicianswho were specialized in conducting research in thefuzzy mathematics theories. By doing so, fuzzy theory wasstrengthened in the scope of mathematics.1981: China published “Journal of Fuzzy Mathematics,”the second journal on fuzzy theory. In 1987, it was renamedto “Fuzzy System and Mathematics.” Since then, China tooka leading role in fuzzy mathematics theories.1983: D. Singh have used fuzzy set theory to solve linearand/or non-linear vector maximum problems.1984: The International Fuzzy Systems Association wasset up this organization dedicated to support, developmentand fundamental issues of fuzzy set theory. Prof. H.J. Zimmermannof Technical University of Berlin was elected to bethe chairman.1984: Orlovsky has formulated MONLP problems withfuzzy parameters.1985: The first Fuzzy IFSA World Congress was held inSpain. There were a total of 290 researchers from 29 countriesattending the congress. It is of interest to note that theconference papers were mainly related to theoretical foundations,but not practical applications.1986:. Japan set up “Japan Society of Fuzzy Theory andSystem (SOFT)”1986:. Fuji electrical engineering, Fuji Facom and TokyoIndustry University had applied fuzzy control theory tomanage the import of clear water system and they had got avery good result.1987: The second Fuzzy IFSA World Congress was heldin Tokyo. There were a total of 380 researchers from 25countries attending the congress. There were a total of 250conference papers and many of them were related to practicalapplications.1987: Japan first applied Fuzzy Control to successfullyaccomplish automatic driving systems.1988: The first Neural Networks and Fuzzy Logic AppliedTechnical Conference were held in NASA.1989: The third Fuzzy IFSA World Congress was held inSeattle, and there were numerous conference papers on practicalapplications.1989: The Laboratory for International Fuzzy EngineeringResearch was set up, which was mainly composed of industrypractitioners, government officials, and academics.1989: The “China‟s Governmental Natural Science FundingCommittee” funded 1,350 thousand RMB dollars to setup 35 tertiary schools and research organizations so as toinvestigate a research project entitled „Fuzzy Message Managementand Mechanical Intelligence,‟ which was led byProfessor P.Z. Wang.1989: The China Productivity Centre set up a FuzzyGroup to introduce fuzzy techniques and advocate the fuzzytheories.1989: Sakawa and Yano have presented an interactivefuzzy satisficing method for MONLP problems with fuzzynumbersInternational Journal of Advanced Technology & Engineering Research (IJATER)www.ijater.com1990: R.K. Verma have considered multi-objective geometricproblem in the fuzzy environment.1991: The fourth Fuzzy IFSA World Congress was held inBelgium.1993: An academic journal entitled “IEEE Transaction onFuzzy Systems” was first published.1993: The fifth Fuzzy IFSA World Congress was held inSouth Korea. The themes of conference papers includedcontrol system, image processing, machine video, medicaldiagnosis, share prediction, synthetic assessment, managementtechnology, and system research.1993: The First Asia Fuzzy Symposium was held in Singapore.1993: The first Fuzzy Theory and its Applications Conferencewas jointly organized by Tsing Wah University andJiao Tong University.1994: The Republic of China Fuzzy Association was setup.1994: The second Fuzzy Theory and its Applications Conferencewas held in Taiwan, which was jointly organized byTaiwan University and Taiwan Industrial Technical University.1994: The sixth Fuzzy IFSA World Congress was held inthe United States.1997: Generalized Modus Ponens1999: Application of the Fuzzy Logic in Traffic Controland Transportation Planning2001: Fuzzy goal programming model for design of multiobjective cellular manufacturing system2003: Fuzzy Control for real Nuclear Reactor Operations2005: Use of Fuzzy for Dynamic Data Mining2007: Fuzzy Logic for Internet Application2011: Application of Fuzzy Logic in Routing in Ad-HocWireless Network2012: Use of Fuzzy Logic in Estimating Reliability ofComponent Based Software3. Application of fuzzy set theoryProf. L. A. Zadeh (20) laid the foundation of fuzzy settheory, which is the generalization of classical set theory.Due to this generalization, theory of fuzzy sets has a widerscope of applicability than that of an abstract set theory insolving problems, which involves subjective evaluation tosome extent. In about four decades of its existence, it hasbeen used in many areas. Fuzzy logic works by turning thehard-edged world of binary logic into more natural humanlike reasoning. Medicine was one of the first fields in whichit was applied. After its formal introduction, the use of fuzzyconcepts was extended from the philosophy of medicine tothe technology of medicine. This medical application offuzzy sets, systems, and relations appeared shortly after developmentmedical expert systems [74], [75]. The theorywas used to deal with vagueness in perceptions of realityphenomena. Many companies are using fuzzy logic to en-ISSN No: 2250-3536 Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2013 17

International Journal of Advanced Technology & Engineering Research (IJATER)www.ijater.comhance things like automobile parts, air conditioners, computers,elevators, rice cooker, microwave ovens, cameras, televisions,antilock brake systems and washing machines etc.In medical field, expert systems using fuzzy concepts helpdoctors to diagnosis the many diseases. During last two decades,it has been developed in the direction of a powerful„fuzzy‟ mathematics.4. Fuzzy set theory in differentscience and engineering paradigm(3) Statistics & probabilityCurve Fitting, Regression Quality Control, PossibilityTheory, Probability Theory etc.(4) Computer scienceExpert Systems, Database Design, Artificial Intelligent, PatternRecognition, Speech Recognition, Image Processing etc.(5) EngineeringArchitecture, Building Damage Assessment, Design Experts,Switching Circuits, Earth Quake, Traffic Control, AircraftControl, Automatic Control, Robotics, Heat ExchangeProcess, Steam Engine, Automatic Translation, Preservationand Safety systems, Automatic Design, Picture Recognition,Fault Analysis, Intelligent Sensors, Blast Furnace Control,Cold Rolling Control, Automatic Train operation, Dam-Reservoir, Water Temperature Predication, Surface MiningPlanning, Wireless Sensor Network etc.(6) Decision makingManagement Decision making, Multistage or dynamic decisionmaking, collective decision making, possibility decisionmaking, administrative decision making, multiple criteriadecision making etc.(7) ManagementBusiness management, personal management, safety management,marketing, investment advising, managementplanning, system operation ,contract support, office automation,environmental evaluation, product evaluation, trainingsystem, new product development etc.5. Some areas of fuzzy set theory(1) MathematicsGraph Theory, Group Theory, Linear Algebra, Cryptography,Topology, Logic, Measure Theory, Automata Theory,Systems Theory, Information Theory, Stability Theory etc.(2) Operations researchLinear programming, Integer programming, Transportation,Mixed Integer programming, Non-Linear Programming,Quadratic Programming, Geometric Programming, Fractionalprogramming, Goal Programming, Parametric Programming,Dynamic Programming, Network Programming, StochasticProgramming, Inventory Control, Project Evaluation,Risk Analysis, Production Scheduling etc.(8) Medical scienceCoronary Disease, Medical Diagnostic, ElectrocardiologicalDiagnosis Process, Treatment with Oriental Medicines, ArtificialOrgan Control ,Nursing Robots , Post TreatmentCare, Health Systems, Artificial Limbs for Medical Fields,Semiology, Lung disease etc.(9) Natural, life and social sciencesPsychology, Cognitive Science (Concept Formulation andManipulation, Memory and Learning), Sociology, Economics,Ecology, Meteorology/Weather Forecasting, Weatherprediction, Biology, Interpersonal Communication, BehaviorModification, Forensic Data Analysis, Geography, PublicPolicy etc.(10) Agricultural engineeringAgricultural production and processing, Disciplines of AnimalBiology, Plant Biology, Mechanical, Civil, Electricaland Chemical engineering principles with knowledge ofagricultural principles.ISSN No: 2250-3536 Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2013 18

International Journal of Advanced Technology & Engineering Research (IJATER)www.ijater.com6. Short description of fuzzy settheory in different areasSl.nAreasReferenceso.1 Aircraft and air traffic [35], [36]2 Communication networks [37], [38], [39], [40]3Control and Monitoring [41], [42], [43],[44],[45],[46]4Cooling and Heating [47], [48], [49], [50],[51], [52]5 Data communications [53], [54]6 Data Security [55]7 Induction Motor Drives [56], [57]8 Inverters and Converters [58], [59]Manufacturing Technologies[60], [61]910 Mobile Robots [62]11 Multi-Agent Robots [63]12 Satellite Imaging [64]13 Spacecraft [65], [66]14 Steel Process Industry [67]15Switched Reluctance MotorDrives[68]7. ConclusionThe study of fuzzy set theory has become increasingly importantin the wake of fast technological development andincreasing complexities in real world decision making problems.The fuzzy set theory technique is now considered as aneffective and powerful aid towards solving problems ofmanagement decision making, computer science, medicalscience, artificial intelligence, etc. and it is of wider interestin areas where the dichotomical states use of “yes” and “no”cannot define or describe the actual situation. In the last fewyears a phenomenal increase in the use of fuzzy set theoryhas been witnessed and it is believed to grow at ever fasterrate.8. References[1] Biswal, M.P “Fuzzy programming technique to solvemulti-objective geometric programming” Problems fuzzySets and Systems,51,p.67-71, 1992.[2] Baldwin. J.F, “A model of fuzzy reasoning throughmulti-valued logic and set theory” I.J. of Man-Machine Studies11.p.351-380, .1979[3] Bandler,W. and L.J Kohout, “Probabilistic versusfuzzy production rules in expert systems”,.Intern.J.of Manmachinestudies 22,p.347-353, 1985[4] Bellman.R. and L.A.Zadeh, “Decision making in afuzzy environment” .Management Science,17,p.144-164,1970[5] Burnwal.A.P, S.N. Mukherjee and D. Singh, “FuzzyGeometric programming with non-equivalent objectives”,R.U.Mathematical Journal,Vol.27,p,52-58, 1996[6] Cao, Hi and G. Chen, “Some application of fuzzy setsto meteorological forecasting”, Fuzzy sets and Systems 9, p.1-12, 1983[7] Dubois, D and H. Prade “A review of fuzzy set aggregationconnectives”. Information Sciences 36, p. 85-121,1985[8] Esogbue, A.O. and R.C. Eleder, “Measurement andValuation of a fuzzy mathematical model for mathematicsdiagnosis”,. Fuzzy sets and Systems, 10. pp. 223-242, 1983[9] Gupta M.H., R.K. Ragade and R.R. Yager,eds.”Advances in fuzzy set theory and applications”, NorthHolland, New York, 1979[10] Hannan, E.L. “Linear programming with multiplefuzzy goals. Fuzzy sets and systems” 6, pp. 235-248, 1981[11] Liu, Y-M “Some properties of Fuzzy sets” J. of Math.Analysis and Application, 11, pp. 119-129, 1985[12] Lowen , R., “One Fuzzy Complements”, InformationSciences, 14, p. 107-113, 1978[13] Lowen, R. “Convex Fuzzy Sets”, Fuzzy Sets and Systems,3, pp.291-310, 1980[14] Narasimhan R., “Goal programming in Fuzzy EnvironmentDecision Science”, 11, pp. 325-336, 1980[15] Roy, T.K. and M. Maiti “A fuzzy inventory modelwith constraint”, Opsearch, 32, No. 4, pp 287-298, 1995[16] Skala, H.J., “On many valued topics, Fuzzy Sets,Fuzzy topics and their applications”, Fuzzy Sets and Systems,1, pp.129-149, 1978[17] Wang, P.P.ed., “Advances in Fuzzy sets, Possibilitytheory and application”, Plenum Press, New York, 1983[18] Yager R.R., “Multiple objective decision-makingusing sets”. Int. J. of Man-Machine Studies, 9, pp.375-382,1977[19] Yager R.R. “Some properties of Fuzzy relationships.Cybernetics and systems”, 12, pp. 123-140, 1981[20] Zadeh L.A. “Fuzzy sets: Information and Control”. 8,pp.338-353, 1965[21] Olubukola Tokede and Sam Wamuziri, “Perceptionsof Fuzzy set theory in construction risk analysis” In: Smith,S.D (Ed) Procs 28th Annual ARCOM Conference, 3-5 September2012, Edinburgh, UK, Association of Researchers inConstruction Management, pp1197-1207, 2012[22] Albert P. C. Chen, Daniel W. M. Chen, M.ASCE andJohn F.Y. Yeung, “Overview of the Application of FuzzyTechniques” in Construction Management Research, Journalof construction engineering and management, pp 1241-1252,2009ISSN No: 2250-3536 Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2013 19

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[82] Crespo F, Weber R., “A methodology for dynamicdata mining based on fuzzy clustering. Fuzzy Set Syst,150:267-284, 2005BiographiesFIRST A. A. P. BURNWAL obtained his MSc and Ph.D.degrees in mathematics. He is life member in different societieslike “Indian Science of Congress Association” Kolkata,“Bharata Ganita Prarisad” Lucknow, “International Societyfor Ecological Communications” S. K. University and IndianSociety for Technical Education. He has 30 international/nationaljournals/conferences to his credit. And currentlyhe is Professor in MCA Department of GGSESTC, Kandra,Chas, Bokaro, Jharkhand, INDIASECOND B. ABHISHEK KUMAR currently pursuingB-Tech final year in ECE Department from UCET, VBU,Hazaribag (Jharkhand). He has altogether 20 international/nationaljournals/conferences to his creditTHIRD C. SANTOSH KUMAR DAS obtained his BCAdegree from IGNOU in 2006. He completed MCA degree in2009 and he is pursuing M-Tech in CSE from Dr. B. C. RoyEngineering College, Durgapur (W.B), India. He has altogether20 international/national journals/conferences to hiscredit. His research interests includes in the areas of SoftComputing, Mathematics and Wireless CommunicationInternational Journal of Advanced Technology & Engineering Research (IJATER)www.ijater.comAcknowledgmentsThe authors are thankful to IJATER Journal for the supportto develop this document.ISSN No: 2250-3536 Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2013 22