Aug-Sep-Oct, Nov-Dec 1971-Jan 1972 - Navy League of Australia

mf*A UGUST-SEPTEMBER-OCTOBER, 1971Rogistorod for posting as a poriodkal V Category )•' [ W\30CENTS -*&>•NAVY WEEK ISSUEFeaturing Details of Special Events Throughout tastrata*

1A Close Liaison, the Navyand . . .DepartmentRIISLIT AUTOMOTIVEINDUSTRIESWho are Proud to be Associatedwith the Navy Department* Contractors to the R.A.N.FOR FURTHER PARTICULARSRUSLIT AUTOMOTIVEINDUSTRIES195 Parramatta Road,Auburn, N.S.W.648-0591 Phone 648-0591The first successful flight trial of took pla< i at Woomera (1m mi 1the last week of July 1971The Turana Target Drone SystemEspecially designed for training in the Royal Australian Navy, to cope withlow level missile attacks, the Turana drone is an all-Australian conceptdeveloped from the highly successful Ikara anti-submarine guided weaponsystem.During a 19-minute flight the smaH aircraft reached a height of 10,000 ft.;attained a speed in excess of 450 m.p.h., and performed a number of complexmanoeuvres under radio command from the range centre.Turana is designed for parachuterecovery and all equipments aresuitable for at least 20 completemission cycles including sea waterimmersion followed by simplerefurbishing procedures.Because of its weapon parentage.Turana achieves high supersonicspeeds with little effort, it has a largeweight and volumentric capacity forcarrying special equipments and itpossesses exceptional manoeuvringcapabilities. These attributes mane Itan outstanding and versatile targetsuitable not only for routine serviceuse but also for a wide range ofresearch and development roles.THE SYSTEMThe Turana System comprisesairborne and ground or ship equipmentsnecessary to maintain andoperate a target facility with theexception of a tracking facility. Atracking facility will normally beavailable in the environment inwhich Turana will be used.The breakdown of the TuranaSystem Haraware is such as to allowthe operator a free choice of equipmentdispersal. This permits flexibleuse of equipments normally sited ineither the operational or supportareas and means that fewrestrictions are placed on targetfacility planning.DESCRIPTION Of THE DHONE(Refer diagrams — Turana GeneralArrangement)The Drone Fuselage (5). is acomposite metal-f ibreglassstructure containing the MicroturboCouguar -022 Turbojet Engine (10).the Fuel Tank (6). the ControlSystem (4). the Battery PowerSupplies (15). and the RecoverySystem. The Turbojet Engine, whichis housed in the rear fuselage issupplied with ram air through aVentral Intake and Duct (9). Thecontrol and Electrical power systemsare housed in the front fuselage.ahead of the tank. The FibreglassNose of the Drone (2) is ejectable oncommand by means of a pyrotechniccharge. The nose which isconnected to the parachute by alanyard contains a 7V4 inch diameterLuneberg Lens (1) for forwardlooking, passive radar augmentationand a Recovery Parachute (3).The main structural member of thebody is provided by a light alloy H-section structure made ofchemically milled side-skins, lightalloy bulkheads and forgings and alight alloy bottom diaphragm. Theeasily attachable steel fuel tank alsocontributes to the structural stiffnessof the fuselage. The Fin (8).which contains all the airborneguidance equipment and air dataunit, and the Wings (7). are alsocomposite structures and arequickly attachable, interchangeablecomponents. The Boost Motor(13). is attached to the mainstructure by means of swivellinglinks and two explosive bolts and isPaf. Four THE NAVY Augutt-Sapttmbw-Octotxr, 1971Aiifust-Saptem bar-October, 1971 VHENAVY Page Five

NU-SWIFT UNI-FLASHA revolutionary newFIRE EXTINGUISHERby NU-SWIFT forALL TTPIS OF FIRISTHETURANAautomatically jettisoned at the endof the launching phase.A Breakout Fitting (12). is situatedat the rear of the Drone to providerestraint in the launcher until theboost thrust reaches a nominatedlevel Umbilical Connections (16). onthe port side ahead of the wings11-0 5* -provide starting, power, andmonitoring connection prior tolaunching.A removable bottom fairing,positioned between the ejectablenose and the intake, provides accessto special Trials Equipments (14).and telemetry which the user maywish to carry for particular trials.The telemetry unit is a locallydeveloped 465 MHz 48-Channel Sub-Miniature System which providessome 40 usable informationchannels.A Strobe Flashing Light (11). ishoused on the underside of theintake fairing to provide visualaugmentation of the drone.Flotation is provided by a combinationof sealed equipment compartmentsand integral light foamsections.—but primarily on fires involving motor vehicles and liveelectrical equipmentlqt. Auto UNI-FLASHMODEL 4003Complete with Brackets(7) LUNEBERG LENS/-—© RECOVERY PARACHUTEp(4) CONTROL SYSTEMSThe NU-SWIFT range covers all fire risksTrust NU-SWIFTSold by Stores & GaragesBREAKOUTFITTINGSANDOVfRSCMtiCt MR. LUMSDINit 43-0111- Ixt. 340Pa(t Six THE NAVY Aufust-S«pt*mb«r-October,LAUNCH AND CONTROL FACILITIESTurana may be launched from anIkara ship launcher or from a simple,portable, lightweight unit on boardship or on the ground. In the case ofan Ikara-fitted ship, the missilehandling equipment is used forinsertion of the drone into thelauncher. For non-lkara operations,the ground handling equipment andlauncher are combined in a simpletrolley/launcher.The Ikara-type umbilical shellprovides only the tie back restraintTurana Ganaral Arrawf mantand all engine starting, powersystems control and sequencing andmonitoring are carried out using aspecial umbilical attached to theport side of the fuselage Specialground based units, connected viathe umbilical, are provided foractivation and control of all dronefunctions prior to launch.The drone is connected in flight bymeans of the target control unitwhich is connected to either theIkara Guidance System or. in thecase of non-lkara based operations.directly to a command transmitter.Return data facilities are available,although not essential If used, flightinformation is presented to thecontroller on the target control unit.A small remote control panel whichprovides azimuth and recoverycontrol may be used in conjunctionwith the target control unit for use inthe visual tracking mode.Navigation is effected by the controllerusing a plot or P P.l. displaywhich is fed by either the Ikaratracking system or by any suitableAufust-Saptambar-Octobar, 1971 THE NAVY PageSmn

6AMLENAVERAGETURNROUNDTIME 2 DAYSSYDNEYMELBOURNETHETURANAradar. Space and power are availablein the drone for fitting tracking transpondersto suit any particularcustomer requirement.After recovery the target is washeddown and given a short engine run. Areplacement parapack and boostmotor are fitted and after check-outTurana may be re-used immediately.1BRISBANEPOST RECOVERY PICK - UPCUTSAVERAGETURNROUNDTIME 4 DAYSLONDONAVERAGETURNROUNDTIME 1 DAYHOBARTADELAIDEFREMANTLEGAMLEN MARINE LABOUR ANDMONEY SAVING PRODUCTSAND SERVICES INCLUDE:* Fuel additives to enable saving ol fuel, wearand corrosion in engines and boilers• Oil spill solvents* Safe electrical equipment cleaning solvents• Technical services for chemical cleaningrequirements.* Bilge area cleaning compounds and solvents• Comprehensive range of degreasmg solvents• Automatic tank cleaning solvents* Gamaiet tank cleaning machines* Cargo-tank cleaning compounds• Gaivaing oil spill barrierGAMLEN MOVES WITH THETIMESBecause of the increasing mechanisation, automation andsophistication of Mercantile Marine and Naval vessels, the consequentsmaller crews and quick turn-round in port, the need for Gamlen fueland labour-saving chemicals becomes more and more important.To meet this growing demand and ensure the promptest serviceGamlen has a staff of qualified marine representatives equipped withradio-controlled cars in all major ports.In the event of trouble with engines, boilers or tank cleaning Gamlenexperts will journey between ports on the ship concerned and find theanswer to the problem. Where the work can be carried out at sea ourrepresentatives are equipped to do so. however, if it is determined to bea port job then much time can be saved with advanced setting up priorto berthing and the work completed in port. Alternatively, this type ofwork can be ideally carried out in port despite the limited hoursavailable.FOR GENERAL CARGO VESSELS. CONTAMER VESSELS, PASSf WCtR CARGO SM>S AND NAVAL VESSELS OF ALL KMDSGAMLEN CHEMICAL CO. (A'ASIA) PTY. LTDHead Office and LaboratoriesMARINE AND INDUSTRIAL OPERATIONS DIVISION69 Dickson Avenue. ARTARMON 2064.Phone 43 31780CABLE ADDRESS: "GAMLENITE" SYDNEY, NEWCASTLE, MELBOURNE, BRISBANE, ADELAIDE, PERTH. LAUNCESTON.AUSTRALIA NS*. Ntwcaill. 61 5033. Wollongong. 40274 Orange. 6440 VIC. Melbourne. 42 2000. 42 6136 4 2700. Geelong. 9 2538 9 7025 S.A.Adelaide 57 9442 WJ>. Perth 28 2662 Albany. 1958. Kalgoorl.e. 239 1148. Pon Hedland. 338 fltO. Brisbane 2 9286 Bundaberg 2481 Cairnj. 51 1044Glutton. 2 2154: Townjville. 95022 Ml Isa. 979 TM. Launcton. 2 2391. Hobart. 2 7861 Burma. 31 1833NCW ZEALAND: Auckland 59 9767 or 4 8923 Wellington. 5 5841 6 4550. Chr.stchurch 6 2759. Duned-n. 8 8714, T.maru 5159. Whangarei 8 2449.Inwc^gill 8 2458 El* Suva 2 2616 NEW CALEDONIA: Noumea. BP 209 INDIA: Calcutta 23 9571 Bomba» 53 4744 CEYLON Colombo 9206jq 2S78. INDONESIA: Djakarta. 5 0807 TERRITORY Of NEW GUINEA A PAPUA: PI Moreiby 5216. Lae 2232 Rabaul 2876METHOD OF OPERATIONTurana is launched at a fixedelevation of 55° and is programmedto a near level flight condition. Theboost motor is then automaticallyjettisoned and at this point the controllerselects the mode of controlappropriate to the mission plan.Control of the drone is effected byopen loop demands from the groundand by a closed loop sensing andauto control system in the drone.This system deletes any obligatoryneed for either telemetered flightinformation or for highly skilledflight controllers. An air-to-groundradio frequency link is available ifspecial flight information is required.Versatility in target operationsisTurana. Launch and Recovery.effected by providing Turana with selecting programmes or disturbancesfor evasive manoeuvres.these basic flight modes:LEVEL: A basic level flight, heightkeepingmode in which speed may where gross weights Were con-Turana's Weapon System Origin,be varied by command via throttle siderably greater than any targetvariations.requirement, permits pitchmanoeuvres of up to lOg to beNON LEVEL: A basic climb orperformed.descent speed-keeping mode inA wide variety of flight plans iswhich speed may be changing theavailable to provide realisticpitch flight path and rate of climb orsimulated attacks allowing bothdescent varied by throttle demand.HEADING AND TURNS CONTROLA basic azimuth control which allowsdemanded heading charges of up to26*or demanded turns of up to 3g.Additional on-off commandchannels are provided for initiatingspecial equipment operation or forservice and research and developmentweapons systems to beexercised and evaluated.On completion of a sortie and afterguidance to an appropriate area.Turana is recovered by parachuteand retrieved from the sea close tothe launching ship.PacaElcht THE NAVY Aufust'Saptamtwr-Octobar, 1971August-September-October, 1971THE NAVYPaga Ninam

THETURANATOTAL LAUNCH TO RECOVER TIME20-25 MIXUTFS"ALTERNATIVEPLAN SHOWN IN BRACKETSlAUNgHTP REP9VER TIMESI M 1 . ..' K A N ATurana s automatic recovery inthe event of engine failure, electricalpower system failure or commandlink failure ensures that safetyboundaries will not be violated byinvader tent system faults and thatthe drone will not be lostOPERATIONAL PERFORMANCEThe versatility of the Turana FlightControl System allows tactics offighter and attack aircraft to berealistically simulated and its fineheading control ensures that a stabletrack-keeping target is available forgunnery system assessments.Speeds variable from 150 knots toabove 400 knots can be demanded inlevel flight at altitudes from below150 ft. up to 30.000 feet and speedsabove 500 knots can be achievedand controlled in shallow dives.A wide variety of flight plans can beflown allowing multiple presentationsto be made in a single flight.Active or passive radar and infra redaugmentation can be carried tosimulate possible attacking aircraft.The maximum rate of climb of4.100 ft./min.. inserts Turana into itsoperational pattern at 20.000 feetwith a flight endurance of 65minutes and a range of 320 nauticalmiles at a cruise speed of 300 knotsTas.Representative flight plans forguided weapon engagements arediagrammed.TURANA APPLICATIONSThe large volumetric and weightpay load capability of Turanaprovides an unmatchable flexibilityin the target role and special equipmentfitment. The capacity of morethan 100 lb. and 1 cubic foot meansthat engagements in the followingcategories can be catered for:—a Surface to air guided weapons(Service and research and developmentFirings)a Air to air guided weapons(Service and research and developmentfirings).a Gunnery engagements for smalland medium calibre Projectiles.In order to meet these engagementsa range of augmentation.Typtctl Pr«Mntotk>n lor Short Rang. Surlact to Air miltiUttracking, countermeasures andmiss distance devices can beaccommodated. These include:—a Passive radar augmentation —Luneberg lenses and cornerreflectorsa Active radar augmentationa E.C.M. equipmenta Body mounted or towed infrareo flares for heat seeking missilesa Acoustic miss distance equipmentfor gunnery engagementsa Optical or doppler type missdistance systemsa Radio-active miss distance equipmenta Other special customer equipment.THE TURANA SYSTEM OFFERS• WEAPON SYSTEM RELIABILITYa HIGH PERFOMANCEa OUTSTANDINGFLEXIBILITYOPERATIONALa CLOSED LOOP FLIGHT CON-TROLa GENEROUS PAYLOAD CAPACITYa ESTABLISHED AND PROVENMANUFACTURING AND SUPPORTCOMPETENCE• HIGH COST EFFECTIVENESSa SIGNIFICANTPOTENTIALDEVELOPMENTa PACKAGED PREPARATION.LAUNCH AND CONTROL FACILITIESFOR GROUND OR SHIP LAUNCHING.Page Tan THE NAVY August-Saptambar-Octobar. 1971itm i.ooo n(Cl 1MB TO to 000 Ft )LAUNCHTypical Presentation for Medium or Lone Rang* Surface to Air mtssMes.TURANA LEADING PARTICULARSDimensions: Length 11' 0.5"(3.37 m.): Height (Clean) 3'4"(1.01m.): Height (Boosted) 3' 10.8"(1.19 m); Wing Span 5 0.2"(1.53 m ).Weights: Dry 381 lb. (173.0 Kg.);Gross (Less Boost) 472 lb.(214.3 Kg ); Fuel Capacity 91 lb.(41.3 Kg ).• « •Boost: Type: Solid Propellant.Detachable: Acceleration lOg(Nominal); End of Boost Speed 580tt./sec. (177 m./sec ).Power Plant: Microturbo 022Couguar: Gas Turbine; Thrust 158 lb.(72 Kg ).Payload Capacity: Weight. Above100 lb. (45.5 Kg ); Volume 1 cubicfootFor Future Work Programmes, Specify . . .RIPOLIN PAINTS (AUST.)PTY. LTD.Who are currently supplying the Navy Dept. with various PaintsSpecialising:Heat-Resisting Paints — Paving Paints — Interior and Exterior PaintsContractors to the Navy DepartmentFor Further Particulars Contact:RIPOLIN PAINTS (AUST.) PTY. LTB.Aucu.t-S*pt*mtMr-Oc«ob*r, 1071TENNYSON ST., GRANVILLE, N.S.W.Telephone: 637-2234• Special Discount of 33 1/3% to All Naval PersonnelTHE NAVY

ECUMENICAL VCOMPLIMENTS OFQUEANBEYANLEAGUES CLUBSERVICEGarden IslandDockyard Chureh11 a.m. Sunday,10th OctoberInterested Membersof the Public are invitedto Attendi>trf» iwho wish the Men ofLBy THE CHAPLAINInterior of the Garden Island Dockyard Church, *hovb« the Altar mplaques recording the names ol sailors kMed during World War I.THE ROYAL AUSTRALIAN NAVYTHEVERY BESTOFLUCK& PROSPERITYThe Ecumenical Service for NavyDay. 1971, it a new event in thehistory of the Dockyard Church. WewM meet to worship together as anoutward demonstration of our•ssantlal unity as Christians.Together wa shall thank God forthose who have given so much insecuring tha protection and safetyof our Country, and pray that wemay be responsive to His will andguidance in the years to come.We are grateful that leaders in theChurches in Sydney have agreed toshare in this Service and bring thedistinction of their precence to thisoccasion.Participating clergy will includethe Most Reverend E V. Kelly. AuxiliaryBishop to the Roman CatholicArchbishop of Sydney, guestpreacher; Right Reverend F. 0.Hulme-Moir. Arglican Bishop to theForces: Reverend Alan Walker. Presidentof the Methodist Conferencein N.S.W.. and the Reverend HughCunningham. Past Moderator of thePresbyterian Church.Historically. Church Services onNavy Day have been held in the twoCathedral Churches of St. Andrew,and St. Mary in the city of Sydney. In1970. however. Church Serviceswere held in various establishmentsin the Sydney area. It was a logicaldevelopment that we should holdone Service and that this Serviceshould take place in the DockyardChurch.So far as is known, the first Serviceto be held in this Church was in1902. and was a thanksgivingService for peace at the end of theSouth African War.The first stained glass windowswere installed in 1904 Since thenthe Church has been beautified bymany Memorials, all of which telltheir own poignant story.For many years the Church hasbeen used for all Church Servicesheld in Garden Island. Prostestantsand Roman Catholics have come tofeel that it is their Church.An ecumenical spirit has alwaysexisted in the working relationshipsbetween serving Chaplains. But thishas grown in the new atmosphere ofunity and trust which we believe isGod's will for his Church. It isappropriate therefore that weshould together thank God for hisftpTMlwTHE NAVYAufirtt-$«pt»fnb«r-October,971August-September-October. 1971 THE NAVY Page Thirteen

ECUMENICALCHURCHA close liaison the Navy Dept. andSERVICEMATHEWS & SONSPTY. LTD.(Bakery Outfitters and Supplier of Cooking Equipment)56-1834 Phone 56-2155grace and pray for His guidance inthe future.There are a number of groupswhich hold their Annual ChurchServices here — amongst them areSydney Legacy, the Naval Associationof Australia. Naval ReserveCadets. Sea Scouts and Sea Rangers.We hope that some from theseorganisations as well as interestedmembers of the public will join withus in this ServiceWho are pruud to be associated with the Nav\ Dept. in the supply of• BAKERY EQUIPMENT* CATERING UTENSILS* Contractors to the Royal Australian Armed ForcesFOR ALL ENQUIRIES £ [ ^ c y2 Young St., Annandale, N.S.W.• - - • ri HI IIJIU j _— OUR COVER —H.M.A.S. Melbourne Flagship of the Royal Australian Navy.A Close Liaison: The Navy Department and .A. F. Little (Southern Div.)Pty. Ltd.FIVE ISLANDS ROAD, PORT KEMBLAWho are Proud to be Associated with the Navy Department in theErection of H.M.A.S. "Albatross"Accommodation Buildings4SPECIALISING IN CONSTRUCTION WORK4-0723 Phone 4-0723ALLAN H. REID (SALES)PTY. LTD.* Engineers SuppliersWENTWORTH STREET, CLYDE, N.S.W.Suppliers of* Chilled Iron Grit Abrasive * Aluminium Wire • General Engineering SuppliersCONTHACTOKSTO THt NAVY Of FAX TAUNT6374218 Phone 6374218P«(e FourteenTHE NAVYAugutt-Septembar-October, IffAugust-September-October, 1971 THE NAVY Page Ftfta«n

C. M. I."OXY PROOF"Security and Commercial Safes. Wall and Floor Safes and Strongroom DoorsRECORD PROTECTION & COMPUTERTAPE FIREPROOF SAFESSafes Opened & RepairedC.M.I. SAFE CO. PTY. LTD.244 WEST STREET, CARLTON, N.S.W.54 3260After Hours: R. E. Berry, 522 8863. Telegrarm: "OXYPROOF". SydneyA Close liaison — the NAVY DEPARTMENT andNATRONICS PTY. LTD.The CrescentKingsgrove, N.S.W.Who are Proud to be Associated with theNAVY DEPARTMENTSuppliers of: * Regulated D.C. Suppliers * A.C. Voltage Stabilisers * CurrentRegulators * Industrial Control Equipmentfor all anqulriat ...Mr. B. Chapman50-0111 — PHONE — 50-0111TorpedoedCruiserDRAKEto beSalvagedAn attempt will shortly be made to salvage the wreck ofthe World War I cruiser H.M.S. Drake, which sank offRathlin Island almost 54 years ago. The wreck, lying inshallow wst6r in Rathlln's Church Bsy, has long been ahazard to shipping — several vessels have grounded on herdown through the years.Now an English firm is mounting afull-scale operation to salvage thethousands of tons of steel whichtoday has a h;gh scrap metal valueThe job is expected to take between18 months and two years. The plan isto cut up the 14.100 ton battleshipinto sections of around 50 tons,which will then be hoisted aboardanother ship by a huge floatingcrane especially designed for theworkThe chief method of salvage willinvolve a series of underwaterexplosions to break up the hull Andso the divers who will be doing thework will also make a very carefulcheck to see if there are any oldexplosives on board which might stillbe dangerousThe ill-fated Drake wascommissioned in March. 1901. justthree years after she had been laiddown at Pembroke Dockyard. A fourfunnelledship, she was wellequipped with the weapons of war.including two. 9.2 inch; sixteen. 6inch and a dozen powerful 12-pounder guns.It was on the morning of Tuesday.2 October. 1917. that the Drake slast voyage came to a sudden anddramatic end—ironically enough,just a few hours after she hadsuccessfully completed a dangerousescort mission from theH.M.S. Drake an armoured crutee, of the Drake ClMa. Sh. waa 339 lert In lenclti and 71 fwbeam. Twin acrevred aha waa capable of 24 knota.Mediterranean The merchant shipsshe had guarded on that perilousjourney had dispersed and weredischarging their vital cargoes in theClyde and Mersey.As the Drake was steaming in thecomparatively safe waters off theMull of Kmtyre. the enemy, in theshape of German U Boat 79. waslurking in the depths. One officerand 18 men were killed in the vicioustorpedo attack which followed. Butthe Drake, with its full complementof 900 men. remained afloat and wasable to reach the shelter of Rathlin.Captain Stephen Radchffe and hisofficers and men were taken off bytwo other Navy ships and shortlyafterwards the stricken cruiser sankin about ten fathoms of water.Now. with her hull a mere ten feetbelow the suface. the ghost ship issometimes visible from the surfacewhen the weather and tides are right.Boatloads of trippers on their way toand from Rathlin are fascinated bythe story as told by localfishermen—it has becomesomething of a tourist attraction.Although a buoy, placed by theCommissioners for Irish Lights,marks the spo? as a hazard to othershipping, several smaller vesselshave run aground on the wreck overthe years.Most recent mishap involving theDrake occurred six years ago. Thenthe Fleetwood trawler. Ella Hewitt,foundered when she hit the hulk andnow she lies alongside her on thebottom.It was off the Giant's Causewayheadlands, just a few miles fromwhere the Drake lies, that anotherwreck, that of the Armada shipGirona. gave up some of her secrets.Two years ago a team of diversbrought up a fascinating collectionof priceless treasures from theseabed.The possibility of treasure oranything else of interest beingrecovered from the Drake is highlyunlikely. The salvagers areinterested only in the recovery of theheavy armour plate (6 inches thickat the waterhne and 2-3 inches onthe deck) for scrap metal.About a week or so after thecruiser went down, however, therewere picking** for localbeachcombers—large quantities offlour and many boxes of condensedmilk, almost certainly from theDrake, were washed ashore atRathlin and Ballycastle.A report in one of the localnewspapers at the time stated: Agreat number of bales of cotton andother wreckage have also beensaved. Salvaged flour wasauctioned in Ballycastle. over 200boxes being disposed of. Largecrowds of farmers were present andcompetition was extremely keen forthe flour, which was of the very bestquality... 'Paf. SixtaanTHE NAVY Aucuat-Saptombar-Octotor. 1»71August-September-October, 1971 THE NAVY Page Seventeen

For Your Future ReferenceT. G. JONESPTY. LTD.(STURDEE BLOCKS)THE ROYALAUSTRALIAN NAVY TODAYThe Royal Australian Navy is responding to the advancesnow being made in maritime technology.Who are Proud to be associated with the Navy-Department in the Supply ofBLOCKS STEEL WITH SWIVEL EYE. FREEHOOK AND THIMBLEfor Further Information contact . .T. G. Jones Pty. Ltd.MOIRA STREETADAMSTOWN, NEWCASTLE57-3822 Phone 57-3822* Recommended Supplier to the R.A.NIIIIKING GEEOVERALLS-TROUSERS& SHIRTSand SHORTS"KING GEE" WORK CLOTHES FOR THETOUGHEST WORK OFTHE NATIONShow you careall the year aroundFor bringing thle message to you, Legacy thank*tha management of thle publicationNicol Bros.Pty. Ltd.ALL CLASSES OFSTEAM. DIESEL AND GENERALENGINEERINGProof Testing and Fabrication.Cargo Gear to 100 TonsDead Weight to 40 TonsApproved by NATA10-20 Weston StreetBALMAIN EAST, N.S.W.Phone: 82-0367 (3 lines)AfterHours:76-9485—86-3225—451 -7427Destroyers, escorts, submarinesand aircraft are being computerisedand fitted with electronics to worldstandards. As a result, the R.A.N.'ssailors are technologists with yearsof training in handling complex andexpensive equipment.The Fleet now has grown to 55ships, the largest number evercommissioned in peace-time.It includes an aircraft carrier,which is the flagship; front-linedestroyers and escorts, and air andsubmarine arms which can operateindependently.These units are backed by patroland mine-warfare ships, supportvessels and hydrographic andoceanographic ships.Soon, the R.A.N, will begin movinginto the 1980s with a new O&Mmaritime defence — the Australiandesignedand built light destroyer(DDL).The project will ultimately give theR.A N. a warship with high top speed,a long range at cruising speed and avariety of weapons.Other additions planned for theFleet include a fast combat supportship to carry fuel and stores, anoceanographic ship, a hydrographicship and two more submarines.These developments, along withothers, are aimed at providing aNavy which can fulfil its variedroles:—• to have a force capable of timelyand sustained combat operations atsea:• detection of enemy naval forcesand sea commerce:• establishing superiority in areasas necessary for naval operations,including protection of sea lines ofcommunications;• conducting naval offensiveoperations against enemy forces andinstallations:•conducting naval reconnaissanceand surveillance, antisubmarinewarfare, shipping protectionand hydrographic andoceanographic surveying:" providing naval support tor landoperations;• providing military sea transportfor Australian Services; and• providing seaward and harbourdefence of ports and anchorages.AIRCRAFT CARRIERThe light aircraft carrier H.M.A.S.Melbourne is the Royal AustralianNavy's flagshipWith her Skyhawk. Tracker andWessex aircraft. Melbournecombines aerial defence of the Fleetwith her anti-submarine role.She also has a limited strike capacitywhich has been strengthenedwith the purchase of additionalSkyhawk aircraft this yearWhen carrying extra Skyhawk aircraftthe carrier will control a significantstrike force which can bedirected against either maritime orshore targets and can give groundsupport to the Army.Melbourne embarked her presentaircraft in 1969 after an extendedrefit, which included modificationsto aid flying and handling of the newgeneration aircraft.Melbourne was laid down in April.1943. as H.M.S. Majestic, at the sametime as H.M.S. Terrible (nowH.M.A.S. Sydney) and was launchedm 1945.With the end of World War II. however.work on Majestic ceasedAn artist's Impression of the proposed DDI. The new destroyer for the R.A.N, will have a high speed and long endurance and will bepropelled by gas turbines.Page EighteenTHE NAVY August-September-October, 197

The flagihip. H M.A.S. Melbourne With her Skyhawk. Tracker and Wessex aircraft the combinesaerial defence of the fleet with an anti-submarine role.Machinery: Parsons single reduction gearedturbines 4 Admiralty 3-drum type boilersSpeed: 23 knots (mammum)Ship's company: 1.335 (includes 347 Carrier AirGroup personnel)Aircraft: Douglas Skyha*k A4G iet tighterbombersGrumman Tracker S2E ASVH aircrattWestiand Wesse* ASW helicoptersWestiand Wesse* SAR helicoptersGUIDED MISSILE DESTROYERSThe R.A.N.'s First Destroyer Squadroncomprises the three guidedmissile destroyers H.M.A. shipsPerth. Hobart and Brisbane.The three US.-built ships aresimilar to the U.S. Navy's DDG-15class and their design is particuarlyversatileTheir main task is air defence ofthe Fleet, but they also haveformidable anti-submarine andsurface gunnery capabilities.The principal aircraft defence weaponis the Tartar guided missile systemwhich is mounted towards thestern of these ships.The DDG s are also fitted with twoIkara missile launchers. These longrangeanti-submarine systems areAustralian-designed and developed.In action, the missile is automaticallyguided to the vicinity of thehostile submarine, where a torpedois released by parachute to home onto the target.The ships are fitted withmodernR A NTODAYlong-range sonar, radar, communicationsand electronic equipmentto provide the command with comprehensiveinformation in the operationsroomLiving spaces are air conditioned.Name No BuilderDESTROYERSThe R A.N's Second DestroyerSquadron is made up of the Daring-Class destroyers H.M.A. Ships.Vampire. Vendetta and Duchess.These all-purpose ships have maingunnery armament comparable to aAll three ships have seen action inVietnam where they served withdistinction with ships of the U.S.Navy's 7th FleetThey share the names of formerR.A.N, cruisers.Laid Down Launched First CommissionedPERTH 38 Defoe Shipbuilding Co Bay City Mich 21 962 26'9'63 177/65HOBART 39 Defoe Shipbuilding Co Bay City Mir h 26 10/62 9164 18 12/65BRISBANE 41 Defoe Shipbuilding Co BayCityMich 15 2 65 5 5/66 16'12/67Displacement: 500 tons (full load)Length: 4 J7ft (overall)Beam 47 ftArmament: t *c 5 m (54 calibre) automatic rapid fire guns Tartar anti-aircralt guided missilesystem t*o ikara ant. submarine missile systems triple mounted 2 sets anti submarine homingtorpedoesMachinrry I *r>GE geared steam turbines driving two shaftsSpeed: Over 35 knotsShip's company: 333light cruiser, giving them formidablesurface gunnery as well as antiaircraftcapabilities.Anti-submarine detectionequipment and weapons increasetheir versatility.They are all-welded constructionand light alloys have been usedextensively to reduce weight.Modernisation of the Vendetta andVampire which began in 1970includes updating of weaponssystems and other changes whichwill improve their performance.Changes will include a new enclosedbridge.The three twin-gun turrets arebeing modernised by improving thedrive and other systems.Digital systems replace analoguefire control systems and include newradar.New air-warning radar, newnavigation surface search radar andbetter sonar are other improvements.In 1969. Vendetta became the firstall Australian-built warship to seeservice in Vietnam.She also has the distinction, as aresult, of being the first Daring-classdestroyer to be engaged in the rolefor which they were primarily built —naval gunfire support.R.A.N.TODAYpending a decision on future requirements.Arrangements were madefor her to be taken over by the R.A.N,and renamed H.M.A.S. Melbourne.Construction resumed in 1949with modifications to be made, includingincreasing the size of theflight deck lifts to handle larger aircraftcoming into service, and in1952 work started on fitting anangled flight deck, steam catapultand mirror landing site.She was commissioned into theR.A.N, on 28 October. 1955. andafter working up in British waterswith her Sea Venom jet fighters andGannet turbo-prop, anti-submarineaircraft she sailed for Australia,arriving in Sydney on 10 May. 1956.MELBOURNEBuHder Vickers-Armstrong. Barrow-in-FurnessDisplacement: 20.000 tons (lull load)Length: 701 5 It (overall)Beam: 80 2 ft, (hull)Armament- 12 (4 twin. 4 single) 40/60mm BolorsH.M.A.S. Hobart The Royal Australian Nevy has three guldedmisslle destroyers. H.M.A. ShipsBrisbane. Pent, and Hobart Their main task is defence of the fleet but they also ha»e formidableanti-submarine and surface gunnery capabilities.RAN.DARINGS -EXISTINGThe Daring Clan deiuoyen Vampire and Vendetta at. ball* uitalanMelly modefnltod Wort on Vamp.re la naa.ln| completionwhile that on vendetta wai u W u U lo commence durlnf Auguit ol tht. year llluitratod are the balor. and "etw" .Nhou.tte.ot the .hip.RAN DARINGS -AFTER EXTENDED REFITAugust-September-October, 1971 THE NAVY Pag* Twmty-om

Best Wishes fromTHOMAS ROBINSON &SON PTY. LTD.Specialising* Woodworkers Engineers23 MARIGOLD STREET REYESBY, N.S.W.• Chain and Chisel Mortiser • Band Mills Resaws 4 — Cutters. Sanders' WoodworkersCONTRACTORS TO THE NAVY DEPARTMENT77-0421 Phone 77-0421A salisfactor> connectionAustralia's Armed Forces andMURRUMBIDGEEDairy Co. Pty. Ltd.WAGGAWho are proud to supply Pasteurised Milk and Products* Contractors to the Armed ForcesKOR ALL ENQUIRIES .Mr. T. MAHONEY2138 Phone 2138RANTODAYNam. No. Builder Laid Down Launched First CommissionedVAMPIRE 11 Cockatoo island Dockyard Sydney 1/7/52 27/10/96 23/6/59VENDETTA 08 HMA Naval Dockyard W.lliamstown 4/7/49 3/5/54 2«/ll/58DUCHESS 154 John I Thornycrolt 4 Co Southampton 2/7/4® 9/4/51 8/5/64(RAN)23/10/52 (RN)Displacement: 3 600 tons dull load)Length: 388 ft i overall IBeam: 43 ItArmament: S«x 4 5m dual purpose guns in twin turrets two forward, one aft Six 40 60mm Bolorsguns Tnple barrel anti-submarine mortarMachinery: Parsons double reduclion geared turbine, driving two shaltsSpeed: Over 30knotsShip's company: 3? IH.M.A.S. Duchess, one of three Daring Class destroyers. They are all-purpose ships and have maingunnery armament comparable to a light cruiser.H.M.A.S. Stuari. one of tlx Type 12 Antisubmarinefrigates (destroyer escorts) serving Inthe Royal Australian Navy.DESTROYER ESCORTSNow thaf H.M.A.S. Torrens hasjoined the Fleet, the R.A.N, has sixAustralian-built destroyer escortsforming the Third Australian DestroyerSquadron.Torrent is identical to her sistership H.M.A.S. Swan, but these twoescorts have had included manychanges on the four earlier River-Class ships — Derwent, Stuart, Yarraand Parramatta.They all are armed with 4.5 inchguns which are used with digital firecontrol radar and computers.The guns can be used for shorebombardment or can provide firepower against air or surface targets.Close-range air and surfacedefence is provided by the Seacatmissile system which is controlled bya separate radar and computer.The Seacat missile system wasdeveloped in Britain and has beenadopted by a number of navies.A submarine threat can be met byusing either the Australian-designedand built Ikara anti-submarinemissile system, or the triple barrelledmortars carried on all the escorts.The Ikara is a rocket propelledguided missile which carries ahoming torpedo towards itssubmarine target. The torpedo islowered into the sea by a parachutcand is then acoustically homed onthe submarine target.P^Twmty-two THE NAVY Augutt-Saptembcr-Octobar, II

R.A.N. TODAYName No. Builder Laid Down Launched CommissionedTorrens 53 Cockatoo Island Dockyard 18/8/65 28/9/68 19/1/71Swan 50 Williamstown Dockyard 18/8/65 16/12/67 20/1/70Derwent •19 Wilhamstown Dockyard 16/6/58 17/4/61 30/4/64Stuart 48 Cockaloo Island Dockyard 20/3/59 8/4/61 28/6/63Yarra 45 Williamslown Dockyard . 9/4/57 30/9/58 27/7/61Parramatta 46 Cockatoo island Dockyard 3/1/57 31/1/59 4/7/61Displacement: 2.700 Ions (lull load)Lenth: 37011 (overall)Beam: 41 ftArmament: Two 4 5 in. guns in twin turret controlled by digital lire control radar and computerSeacat anti aircraft missile system Ikara anti submarine missile system Triple-barrel antisubmarinemortarMachinery: Geared steam turbines 30.000 shaft horsepowerSpaed: Over 30 knotsShip's company: 250SUBMARINESFour Oberon-Class submarinesform the First Australian SubmarineSquadron. Two more are on order.Their value as an offensive weaponsystem is enhanced by their ability tooperate in enemy-dominated watersfor extended periods, withoutlogistic support and without aircover.The Oberon is a long-range dieselelectricsubmarine which can moveagainst surface ships or othersubmarines.FirstThey are one of the most effectiveconventional types of submarinesNameOnslowOvensOtwayOxleyNo. Builder60 Scotts' Shipbuilding Greenockavailable today, and their quietnessof operation makes them particuarlydifficult for the enemy to detect.They are designed for silentrunning, and underwater equipmentincludes sensitive listeningapparatus and an electronic firecontrol systemAll are fitted with a snort systemwhich enables batteries to berecharged while the submarineremains submergedThey can dive to more than 400 ft.and have a submerged speed of over15 knots.The four craft are based atH.M.A.S. Platypus, Neutral Bay.Sydney.Laid Down launched4/12/67 j/12/68 22 12.6915 4 6522 4 6827 3 6770 Scotts Shipbuilding. Greenock 17/6/66 4/12/6759 Scolts'Shipbuilding. Greenock 29/6/65 29/11/6^57 Scotts'Shipbuilding.Greenock 2/7/64 24/9'65Displacement: 2 030 tons (surface): 2.410 (submerged)Length: 295 ft (overall)Beam: 26 b ItArmament: Si* bow and two stern anti-surface ship and anti-submarine. 21 inch, torpedo tubesMachinery: Two English Electric mam propulsion motors, with two Admiralty standard range dieselgeneratorsSpeed: Submerged— 17 knots; Surfaced—12 knotsShip's company: 62Best Wishes to All Navy Personnel fromFRICKERCARRINGTONGROUPOF COMPANIESBuilding & Civil EngineeringContractorsR A N TODAYMINE WAREFARE SHIPSThe First Australian MineCountermeasures Squadron is madeup of six Ton-class minecountermeasure ships.Of British design and construction,the ships were modified in the U.K.before joining the Australian Fleet in1962Originally all six ships were fittedas minesweepers, but H.M.A. ShipsCurlew and Snipe have been convertedto minehunters.The other four. Gull, Hawk, Ibisand Teal are fitted for minesweeping.They carry devices to explodeacoustic and magnetic as well ascontact mines. They can also detectand destroy other underwaterobstructions which would behazardous to shipping.The wooden-hulled minesweepersare themselves non-magnetic' andare sufficiently silent not to actuateacoustic mines.Mine hunting is the latest advancein mine countermeasures and the reequippedCurlew and Snipe play animportant role in the AustralianFleetMinehunting is complementary tominesweeping and is carried out in adifferent way.Using a high definition sonar setthe minehunter locates mines aheadof the ship.When a mine is located, clearancedivers go into the water to identify itand decide whether to render it safeand remove it or blow it up with anexplosive charge where it lies.NameNo.Gull 1185Hawk 1139Ibis 1183Teal 1152Curlew 1121Snipe 1102Doig. United KingdomI W Richards. U KMontrose. United KingdomPhilip. United KingdomMontrose. United KingdomThornycroft. U K1/7/5417/9/5518/11/5528/2/556/10/535/1/53Displacement: 480 tons (full load)Length: 152ft (overall)Beam: 29 ftArmament: Two 40/60mm Bofors gun (one only on minehunters)Machinery: Napier Deltic diesel engines developing 3.000 b h pSpeed: Over 15 knotsShip's company: 34 (minesweeper). 38 (minehunter)19/7/6218/7/627/9/6230/8/6221/8/6211/9/62The minesweeper. H.M.A.S. Curlew, which with her sister ship, H.M.A.S. Snipe has been re-equippedfrom minesweeping. Minehunting is the latest advance In mine countermeasures and tocomplementary to minesweeping. The hunter does not sweep for mines but locates them ahead ofthe ship by using high definition sonar.Of the lour Ob*.01 dMt tubmartnea. H.M.A.S. Ovens •» completed du.ln, October. 1M8.Submarine* of tNa cleat carry homing tor pedoea.388 CARRINGTON STREETADELAIDETelephone: 23-1733HELPLEGACYJll lllr yi'11 ITimidOonjtniK' 169 Eli/Jbftti StSydney 76 7001Patrol Boat H.M.A.S. Buccaneer one of 20 similar vessels serving In the Royal Australian Navy andthe P«put/New Guinea Division.PATROL BOATSTwenty patrol boats have beenbuilt in Australian shipyards forpatrol work in waters aroundAustralia and Papua-New Guinea.They are units of the FirstAustralian Patrol Boat Squadron.These all-weather, ocean-goingships have a variety of tasks,including the patrol of fishinggrounds close to the coastline.They also assist R.A.N, surveyships for close-to-shore soundingwork and for reconnaissance.The 107-ft. patrol boats are alsoused to train Australian NavalReserve officers and sailors whilePage Twenty-four THE NAVY Auguat-Saptambar-Octobar, 1971

R.A.N T.ODAYPapuan and New Guinean officersand sailors are being trained toresume full responsibility foroperating the P-NG patrol boatsquadron.The speed and versatility of thepatrol boats have made them usefulfor assisting disabled craft, for useas sea-air rescue boats and fortransporting patients from remoteshallow ports.Major excursions have been madeinto Papua-New Guinea riversystemsIncluded in the ship's equipment ishigh definition navigation radar,high and ultra-high frequency radiotransmitters and receivers, gyro andmagnetic compasses and echosounderThey are fully air conditioned Allwere built in Queensland shipyards,with the first being commissioned inNovember. 1967PATROL BOATSAttack, Altape. Samarl. Advance. Acute. Aware. Lae. Madang. LaDaVa. Archer. Assail. Adroit. Arrow.Ardent. Barricade. Barbette. Bombard. Buccaneer. Bandolier and Bayonet.Displacement: 146 tonsLength: 107 ftBeam: 20 ItArmament: 40 60mm Bolors gu» machine gun and variety ol light .ir msMachinery: Two 16cylinder dieseis producing more than 3000h pSpeed: Over 20 knotsShip's company: 19The troopship/equipment carrier. H.M.A.S. Sydney (formerly an aircraft carrier). She has beencontinuously employed in transporting Australian forces to and from South Vietnam.TROOP TRANSPORTH.M.A.S. Sydney, which first sawservice in the Royal Australian Navyas a light aircraft carrier, wasconverted in 1961-62 to a fasttroop/transport carrierIt is also the senior ship of the FirstAustralian Training SquadronSydney was recommissioned inher present transport role on 7March. 1962She is capable of transporting alarge body of men and theirequipment anywhere in the worldLate in May. 1964 Sydneytransported a complete load of Armyand R A A F units to MalaysiaShe has been continuouslyemployed in transporting AustralianForces to South Vietnam and in 1971visited the United States to pick upnew aircraft for the Fleet Air ArmSydney was laid down in 1943 asH.M.S.Terrible.By the end of the war she was noturgently needed and was laid upuntiil bought for the RAN asAustralia's first aircraft carrierShe reached Sydney on 28 May.1949. but returned the followingyear to bring back the 21st CarrierAir Group The aircraft bornecomprised Sea Furies (fighters), thenthe fastest piston engined fighter inthe world, and all purpose FairyFireflies.In 1951-52 and 1953-54 Sydneyserved with distinction in Koreanwaters where she mounted aerialstrikes against Communist tanks,trains, bridges, supply depots andtroop concentrationsSydney finally landed her aircrafton 1 May. 1955. and six years laterbegan her role as a training shipSYDNEYDisplacement: I 7.233 tons Mull load)Length: 698 It (overall)Beem: 80 ItArmament: Four 40 60mm BoforsgunsMachinery: Parsons single reduction gearedturbinesSpeed: Over 20 knotsShip'* company: 607TRAINING SHIPSMuch of the sea training for R.A.N,sailors is gained through experienceaboard the troop carrier H.M.A.S.Sydney, and the training destroyersQueenborough and Anzac. The threeships form the First AustralianTraining Squadron.Queenborough was a Royal Navyship loaned to the R.A.N, in 1943 andPage Twenty-six THE NAVY August-September-October, 1971QUEENBOROUGHDisplacement: 2 020 tonsLength: 3b9ftBeam: 35 7 ftArmament: Twin40 60mm Bofors guntwo anti-submarinemortarsMachinery: Parsonsgeared turbines40.000 shp 2 shaftsSpeed: Over 31 knotsShip's Company: 237R A N TODAYtransferred to the R A N in 1950.She was converted to a fast antisubmarinefrigate and saw service inSouth-East Asia and off theAustralian coastShe was taken out of service andplaced in the Reserve Fleet in 1963.but recommissioned in 1966 as atraining ship.With the other training ships.Queenborough provides most of thebasic sea time for recruits andmidshipmen during their initialtraining periodThe destroyer Anzac is a veteran ofthe Korean War. and since 1960 hasbeen a Fleet training ship.Originally she had three twin 4.5inch gun mountings, but one of theforward turrets was removed in 1966and replaced by a classroom fortrainingANZACDisplacement 3 450 tonsLength: 379 f IBeam: 41 ItArmament: I wo 4 bingun (one twin turret)Machinery: Parsonsgeared turbines50.000 shp. 2 shaftsSpeed: 31 knotsShip's Company: 270The destroyer tender H.M.A.S. Stalwart She is a floating workshop with the Job of maintaining andrepairing destroyers between major dockyard refits. Stalwart can handle several destroyersalongside at one time and can operate from forward bases.H.M.A.S. Queenborough was launched and completed In 1942 as a destroyer. Later she wasconverted to a Fast Anti-submarine frlgete and since 1966. along with the other ships of the R.A.N.training squadron, she has provided basic sea time for recruits and midshipmen during their Initialtraining period.she has had her director removed and "B" turret replaced by a classroom.DESTROYER TENDERThe destroyer tender H.M.A.S.Stalwart is a floating workshop withthe job of maintaining and repairingdestroyers between major dockyardrefits. Three-quarterr of the ship'scompany of 396 are engaged inrepairing and maintaining otherships.Stalwart can handle severaldestroyers alongside at the sametime and can operate from forwardbases.She has extensive and wellequipped engineering, electrical,electronic, weapons, shipwright andother workshops manned by officersand sailors expert in a variety oftrades.She is Australian-designed andbuilt.August-September-October, 1971 THE NAVY Page Twenty-seven

R A N. TODAYRAN TODAYFLEET OILERH.M.A.S. Supply has the importanttask of refuelling fleet units to giveships greater range and mobilityShe supplies furnace fuel, aviationgasoline, dieseline and water toother ships while they are underwayA typical operation sees adestroyer steam alongside Supply at15 knots. With only about 100 ft.Oetween the ships, lines are shotacross, hoses are run across andconnected, and pumping begins. Adestroyer can be refuelled in thisway in less than half an hour.H.M.A.S. Moresby She is one of the most modern survey ships In the world and has advancedequipment. Including electronic aids, for surveying in all conditions.The Fleet oiler, H.M.A.S. supply Site has the most important task of refuelling fleet units at sea togive them greater cruising range and mobility. Supply is able to deliver furnace fuel, aviationgasolene, dieselene and water to other ships while they are under wayapproaches and the resurvey ofexisting routes, notably the GreatBarrier Reef and Torres Strait, tocope with the deep draught shipsThe surveying task is a formidableone and presents a challenge to thetwo R A N survey ships Moresby andPaluma.Moresby is one of the mostmodern survey ships in the worldShe operates her own helicopter andhas advanced equipment includingelectronic aids for surveying in allconditionsA new hydrographic ship to replacePaluma is being builtDiamantina and Kimbla undertakeoceanographic research both formilitary and scientific purposes,including programmes for theC.S.I.R.O. universities and museumsDiamantina, a converted frigate,will be replaced by a modernhydrographic ship, now underconstruction, which will be similar indesign to H.M.A.S. Moresby, butSlightly larger to incorporaterequirements for modernoceanographic research.FUTURE SHIPSIncreased demands and newlydevelopedtechniques are providingthe Navy with a need for new shipsSeveral different types are on thedrawing boards and they will becomean important part of the Fleet for the1980sThe biggest project is thedesigning and construction of aseries of new destroyers designedspecifically for AustralianconditionsAn artist's Impression ofthe new hydrographicship. H.M.A.S. Flinders ItIs expected that she willdisplace about 700 tonsThe survey ship H.M.A.S. Malum.) Originally a motor stores lighter of war construction she wasconverted for surveying In 1956 She wtN shortly be replaced by a new hydrog» hydrographic ship. H.M.A.S.SURVEY SHIPSHydrographic surveys andoceanographic research are carriedout by H.M.A. Ships Moresby,Paluma, Diamantina and Kimbla,aided at times by other Fleet ships.The R.A.N. Hydrographic Service isthe charting authority for Australianwaters, which cover about oneeighthof the earth's surface.The recent increase in theexploitation of Australia's nationalresources has seen the developmentof a number of new ports, such asGove. Weipa. Port Latta. Spring Bay.Hay Point and Dampier and heraldedthe era of the bulk carrier. This hasnecessitated the surveying of newshipping routes and harbourH.M.A.S. Diamantina one of two oceanographic research ships used for military and scientificpurposes. Formerly a frigate of the Australian River class completed in April. 1945An artist s impression of the new oceanographic ship H.M.A.S. Cook which Is eipected to go into service about 1975.

R.A.N TODAYThey will have a long cruisingrange and high top speed and will bearmed with a variety of weapons.To provide support away frombases, the Navy is also planning acombat support ship to carry fuel,stores and ammunition to warshipsso they can operate for long periodsand distances away from basefacilities.The support ship to be namedH.M.A.S. Protector, will carry severaltypes of liquid fuel, as well as storessuch as clothing and foodThe ship will displace about 20.000tons, will be about 540 ft. long andwill be built in Australia at anestimated cost of $45 million.Approval has been given for a newoceanographic ship to replaceH.M.A.S. Diamantina. It will benamed H.M.A.S. Cook and isexpected to go into service about1975A replacement is being built atWilliamstown Naval Dockyard for thehydrographic ship H.M.A.S. Paluma.Named H.M.A.S. Flinders, it willhave about a 50 per cent increase inoutput over Paluma mainly becauseof higher speed, better enduranceand better sea-keeping qualities. Itwill displace about 700 tons.The R.A.N, currently has fourOberon Class submarines, andanother two will be bought fromBritish ship builders. They areexpected to enter service in the mid1970sShyh.wk llfht»r-bofnb.r. on. ol tw.nly wrvlnf In lh« R.A.N.Grumman Tracker antl-submarine aircraft fly from the flagship H.M.A.S. MelbourneR A N. TODAYAIRCRAFTFleet Air Arm effectiveness hasbeen increased with the addition of10 new Skyhawk jet fighter-bombers.These transonic aircraft havejoined 10 already in service, whichhas significantly added to theversatility of the aircraft carrierH.M.A.S. Melbourne.The Douglas Skyhawk is arelatively small aircraft (weightempty 9.800 lb) but it is capable ofcarrying an extensive and varied warload (Maximum all-up weight.24.500 lb) over considerabledistanceIts armaments includecombinations of air-to-air missiles, avariety of 250. 500 and 1.000 lbbombs, a 20mm cannon and rocketprojectiles.Embarked on Melbourne with theSkyhawk are anti-submarine Trackeraircraft and Wessex helicopters.Grumman Trackers are all-weathertwin-engine aircraft fitted withelectronic devices for navigation anddetecting submarines.They can remain on patrol for upto 10 hours, and each carries a crewof two pilots, observer andaircrewman.Armaments include homingtopedoes or depth charges in bombbay. underwing attachments fortorpedoes, depth charges or rockets,and sonobuoys and marine markersin rear of engine nacelles.The Westland Wessex areemployed to screen the Fleet,searching with their sonarequipment for submarinesThe Macch. jet trainer hes replaced the Vampires and Sea Venoms In the Royal Australian NavyThe Italian designed Macch. Is a twin seeter trainer capable of cruising at 900 m.p.h. These aircraftare not Intended for operational carrier flying.They also used in a search and They carry a crew of two pilots,rescue role.observer and aircrewman.SquadronsHT 723VS 816HS 817VC85)FLEET AIR ARM SQUADRONSHelicopter crew training and pilot continuation trainingneet support and search and rescue dutiesFixed-wing fighter pilot training and Fleet requirement(lying trials.Anti-submarine helicopter operational training and Fleetrequirement dutiesFront-line Strike fighter squadronFront line fixed wing anti-submarine squadronFront line helicopter anti-submarine squadronTraining squadron for pilots, observers and aircrewmenTwin-engine conversion, communication andFleet requirement flyingAircraftIriquois and ScouthelicoptersMacchi iet trainers.TA4G Skyhawk trainersWessex 31B helicoptersA4G SkyhawksS2E TrackersWessex 31B helicoptersBest wishes to All Naval Personnel fromNORTHUMBERLANDINSURANCE CO. LTD.Transacting All Classes of Insurance. Fire. Householders. Motor Vehicle.Marine. General Accident, etc. Maximum Cover at Competitive PricesFor Free QuoteRing 23-6233 or Call at196 NORTH TERRACE, ADELAIDER. & M. YOUNGBAKERS AND PASTRYCOOKSDelicatessen. Cakes. ConfectioneryCnr. BARKLY & FINLAY STS., SOUTH PORTLAND. VIC. ^Phone: 23-1443Also: /71a BENTINCK STREET, PORTLAND "Phone: 23-2724_i}/"•^tT r? r ^Page ThirtyTHE NAVYAugu»t-Sapt«mbar-Octobar,August-September-October, 1971 THE NAVY Page Thirty-ona

ies to Circular (XuayGARDEMSLAND DOCKYARD- 10th Octobernei to Cremorneind Jeffrey St.CHAPEL AND H RICALEXHIBITAREA NOT OPENTO THEPUBLICFLOATING DOCKHELICOPTER DEMONSTRATION!Boat TripsNAVY BANDYOUTH BANDSNOTETHE FLOATING DOCK AND OIL USHTERSLOCATED IN INNER CAPTAIN COOK DOCKARE NOT OPEN TO THE PUBLICMAIN ENTRANCEPage Thirty-twoTHE NAVY Augu»t-Saptember-Octobar, 1971 August-Septem bar-October, 1971 THE NAVYTIGHT3INDINGPaga Thirty-thraa

»olourod Filmsor Diazo Procoss• f^iA »fmMy it •mNEW! Oce Diazo Adhesive FilmA clear Him with an adhesite back (hat satesinK circuits, notices, instructions, etc.Now you can copy a circuit, notice, planor specification direct on to Oce diazopolyester adhesive film in a diazo printer,make as many copies as you like, thenpeel off the adhesive backing and stick onto any surface as a permanent record foreveryone to see.Oce adhesive film saves time in thedrawing office too. Say you want to altera portion of a plan, then take the originaland make an Oce diazo transparent copyon either paper or film. Eradicate bychemical means the unwanted part ortime in the drawing office. Ideal for printpartsof the drawing on the copy then giback to the original plan and placetracing sheet over the portion you wantto alter and draw in the changes. Thenexpose through a diazo printer on to Ocepolyester adhesive film and developTake off the backing sheet and stick itover the transparent copy and you have anew master plan from which you camake more copies.You'll be amazed at the number of uses|you'll find for this new film. Ask forsample sheet.lere's a real breakthrough for diazorinting. Post Chromtex film in teneautiful colours, red, yellow, blue andlack, magenta, cyan, green, orange,rown or violet. Use them as colourverlays for engineering orrchitectural drawings. Processirough ammonia type diazo printer asuickly and easily as ordinary diazoaper. Accurate register assured.deal for charts, maps, reports,rawings of all kinds. Easy to overlayne. two, three or more colours on topf one another. Saves drawing time,ives true, high fidelity reproduction.Anti-StaticDrafting FilmNew anti-static drafting film does notstore static electricity . . . eraser crumbsand specks of dirt don't cling to thesurface . . . goes through diazo printerwith the greatest of ease. Arkwright Anti-Static film gives a better inking surface .. . very durable, matte finish takes pencilor ink to give dense ciear lines thatreproduce sharply. Plenty of tooth too,erase quickly and easily without ghosting.Non glare surface absorbs light . . .very easy on the eyes. Sheets won't clingtogether no matter how long you storethem. Single or double matte surface.CROSBY SENSITIZINGSyO"n M«l>ou.n« Adelnd* FVth Hobart Canbvra5191277 620671 634907 212481 342111 «0345360644Page Thirty-tour THE NAVY August-September-October, 1971August-September-October, 1971 THE NAVY Page Thirty-five

NAVY WEEKIN AUSTRALIANavy Week is one week in each year when Australiansfrom coast to coast are urged to pay grateful tribute tothose who have served and those now serving Australia atsea.During this week it is fit and properthat a nation of free men and womengive well-deserved honour and recognitionto the patriotic and victoriousachievements of its men of the sea.It is the week for Australians torededicate themselves to those principlesof freedom and self-governmentwhich they cherish. It is a weekin which grateful citizens shouldsalute their Royal Australian Navyand make sure that it is adequate tofulfil its contribution to our nationalsecurity.In the Royal Australian Navy themonth of October has always heldspecial significance. The 21st commemoratesthe 166th anniversaryof the victory of the Battle ofTrafalgar. Fought in the Atlantic, offthe southern coast of Spain, it wasthe last great Naval battle to befought under sail alone.Fifty-eight years ago. on October 4.1913. the Australian Fleet steamedinto Sydney Harbour. Navy Week.1971. was planned to coincide withthe anniversary of the Fleet's entry.The arrival of the ships in 1913 wasan event Australians had looked forwardto for half a century. Theywere their own ships, paid for bytheir own money and manned inlarge proportion by their own men;the nucleus of what they hopedwould be their own Fleet.The Squadron comprised theBattle Cruiser Australia; LightCruisers Encounter, Sydney, Melbourneand the Torpedo BoatDestroyers Warrego, Parramattaand Yarra.It is appropriate at this time torecall the words expressed by thethen Prime Minister of Australia. TheHonourable ST joseph Cook"Since Captain Cook's arrival, nomore memorable event hashappened than the advent of the AustralianFleet. As the former markedthe birth of Australia, so the latterannounces its coming of age. itsrecognition of the growing responsibilitiesof nationhood, and itsresolve to accept and dischargethem as a duty both to itself and tothe Empire. The Au r tralian Fleet isnot merely the embodiment offorce. It is the expression of Australia'sresolve to pursue, infreedom, its national ideals, and tohand down unimpaired andunsullied the heritage it hasreceived, and which it holds andcherishes as an inviolable trust. It isin this spirit that Australia welcomesits Fleet, not as an instrument of war.but as the harbinger of peace.''Programme Of Eventsarranged forNavy Week, 1971Friday. October 1Monday. October 4toSaturday. October 9Tuesday. October 5NEW SOUTH WALES12.30 p.m. to1.30 p.m.1.30 p.m.normalbusinesshours12.30 p.m. to1.30p.m.Navy Band recital inHyde Park.Navy Band leads WaratahPrincess Processionfrom Hyde Park to SydneyTown Hall.Naval static displays in:(a) Commonwealth TradingBank, Corner Pitt andMarket Streets, Sydney.(b) "Commonwealth Centre'Chifley Square, corner ofPhillip and Hunter Streets(c) Prouds Pty. Ltd.,Jewellers and Watchmakers.84 King Street. Sydney.Navy Band recital inWynyard Park.Mtfrf/fBest Wishes to all Mem bersC. F.&v. A.SIMMONSMilk Bar—Mixed Business—Grocery LinesDelicatessen—Confectionery113 McCRAE STREET, DANDENONGPhone 79-2-2814Wednesday. October 6Thursday. October 7Saturday. October 9Afternoon12.30 p.m. to,1.30 p.m.'12.30 p.m.Navy Band will playduring the A.J.C.Spring Carnival atRandwick RaceCourse.Navy Band recital inHyde Park.Waratah Festival Pageantthrough the Streets ofSydney — led by NavyBand.P*f« Thirty-six THE NAVY August-September-October, 1971August-September-October, 1971THE NAVYPage Thirty-sewn

BY COURTESY OFM.W.A.DISTRIBUTORSPTY. LTD.SUPPLIERS OF . . .* WELDING EQUIPMENT SALES, SERVICE & MIRING* AUSTRALIAN DISTRIBUTORS OE "EL A ME MASTER"GAS WELDING AND CUTTING EQUIPMENT* REGULATORS, GOGGLES AND HOODSContractors to the R.A.N.For all Enquiries . . .M.W.A. DISTRIBUTORS PTY. LTD.64 SHEPHERD STREETMARR1CKVILLE560 9099 PHON E 560 9099A close liaison the Navy Department and:Blue Strand IndustriesPty. Ltd.Who are proud to be associated with the Navy Dept. in the supply of.• WIRE ROPESCONTRACTORS TO THE NAVY DEPARTMENTFor Further Information Write To:BLUE STRAND INDUSTRIES PTY. LTD.BADGULLY ROAD, CAMPBELLTOWN, N.S.W.Telephone: 22-381* Telex: AA21681N.S.W. CONTINUEDSunday. October 10 11.00 a.m. An Ecumenical churchservice will be held in theDockyard Church. GardenIsland. The guest preacherwill be the Most ReverendE. V Kelly. AuxiliaryBishop to the RomanCatholic Archbishop ofSydneyThe service, to which thegeneral public areinvited to attend, will beconducted by the RightReverend F. O. Hulme-Moir.Anglican Bishop to theForces. Assisting at theSe r vice will be the RevAlan Walker. President ofthe Methodist Conferencein N.S.W.. and the RevHugh Cunningham. PastModerator of thePresbyterian Church, andthe Rev. W D. O'Reilly, aformer President of theMethodist Conference.At the conclusion of theService, worshippers areinvited to picnic inGarden Island, then at1.15 p m. inspect theNaval Dockyard and shipsopen for public inspection.1.15 p.m. to 5.00 p.m. Garden Island NavalDockyard and Her Maiesty'sAustralian Ships open forPublic Inspection.Compliments from .Lady of Fashion Pty. Ltd.ANDMisha Manufacturing Co.134 FLINDERS STREET, MELBOURNEPhone 63-4678'Pitt Thirty-eightTHE NAVYAugust-September-October,August-September-October, 1971 THE NAVY Pate Thirty-nine

A Satisfactory Connection the Navy Department andFilter Distributors DivisionCOPE ALLMAN (MARR1CKV1LLE)PTY. LTD.34 FITZROY STREET, MARRIC KVILLE, N.S.W.Who are Proud to be Associated with the Nav> Department in the suppl> of"AEROX"High Pressure Carbon Adsorption UnitsFor All Enquiries .FOR COMPRESSED AIR PI RIUC ATION519-2133 — PHONE - 519-2133A Close Liaison the NAVY DEPT. and:W. Angliss & Co.(Australia) Pty. Ltd.Who are Proud to be Associated with theNAVY DEPT. inTHE SUPPLY OF FROZEN AND CANNED MEATS• Contractors to the R.A.N., R.N., B.A.O.R.For Further Information Contact . . .W. Angliss & Co. (Australia) Pty. Ltd.255 GEORGE STREET. SYDNEYTelephone: 20-534QUEENSLANDFriday, October 17.00 p.m. Training Ship Paluma open to Public at Sea Cadet Headquarters.Gibson Park. Stafford.7.30 p.m. Naval Reunion Dinner at R.S.L. Club. Cairns.8.00 p.m. Naval Association Ball at Ipswich.Saturday, October 22.00 p.m. to 4.30 p.m. Training Ship Tyalgum open to Public at Southport.7.30 p.m. Navy Reunion at R.S.L. Clubroom. Gladstone.7.45 p.m. "Old Ships" Reunion at H.M.A.S. Moreton, New Farm.7.45 p.m. Dinner Dance at R.S.L. Club. Bundaberg.Sunday, October 39 .00 a m9 25 a.m.9.45 a.m.a.m.10.00 a.m.11.00 a.m.7.30 p.m.Street March to Civic Centre by Sea Cadets at Bundaberg. followedby Combined Church Parade.Wreath-laying Ceremony by ex-navalmen at the War Memorial.Gladstone.Wreath-laying Ceremony at the Naval Memorial Cairn at Ipswich.Dedication of Memorial Wall and Combined Service at the R.S.L.Memorial Hall. Southport. (Cadets from the Training Ship Tyalgumwill participate.)Naval Service of Remembrance and Wreath-laying Ceremony at theShrine. Anzac Square. Brisbane.Seafarers' Service at St. John's Cathedral. Ann Street. Brisbane.(Cadets from the Training Ship Magnus will act as flag bearers.)Naval Commemoration Service. St. Margaret's Church. AumullerStreet. Cairns.Monday, October 4 (NAVY DAY.)a.m.—p.m.School Talks throughout Queensland.Fashion Parade at Myer s Chermside Drive-In.Tuesday, October 512.30 p.m. Luncheon at Naval Memorial Club. Charlotte Street. Brisbane.Fashion Parade at Myer s Chermside Drive-In.Wednesday, October 6a.m.12.30 p.m.Thursday, October 7p.m.12.00 noon8.00 p.m.H.M.A.S Duchess, Daring Class Destroyer, arrives in Brisbane.Navy Golf Day at Nudgee Golf Club.Fashion Parade at Myer's Chermside Drive-In.H.M.A.S. Duchess open for public inspection in Brisbane.Luncheon and Fashion Parade in H.M.A.S. Moreton (by invitation).Fashion Parade at Myer's Chermside Drive-In.Fashion Parade in H.M.A.S. Moreton (by invitation).Ptmm FortvTHE NAVYAuguit-Saptambar-Octobar,Auguit-Saptambar-October, 1971 THE NAVY Pag* Forty-on*

Thomas and CoffeyConstructions Pty. Ltd.Are Proud to be Associated withThe Refitting of the H.M.A.S. MELBOURNE* MAJOR CONTRACTORS TO INDUSTRYHEAD OFFICE:444 HUME HIGHWAY, YAGOONAPhone: 709-6555QUEENSLAND CONTINUEDFriday, October 8p.m.7.45 p.m.8.00 p.m.8.00 p.m.Saturday, October 9p.m2.30 p.m. to 5.00 p.m.p.m.6.00 p.m.p.m.7.00 p.m.p.m.7.30 p.mH.M.A.S. Duchess open for public inspection in Brisbane.Navy Reunion at R.S.L. Clubrooms. Toowoomba."Maritime Ball 71" at Cloudland, Bowen Hills. (Bookings at NavalMemorial Club. Charlotte Street. Brisbane. Phone 2 7618.)Navy Week Dinner at Boomerang Hotel/Motel. Mackay.Fashion Parade at Myer's Chermside Drive-In.H.M.A.S. Duchess open for public inspection in Brisbane.Training Ship Pioneer open to public at Sea Cadet Headquarters,Mackay.Navy Week Flying Handicap at Eagle Farm Racecourse.Naval Association Dinner at Boomerang Hotel. Mackay.Dedication of Gothenberg Memorial Porthole and Social atTraining Ship Coral Sea Headquarters. Townsville.Navy Day Dinner at United Services Club. Brisbane. (By invitation).Training Ship Bundaberg open for public inspection at newHeadquarters Bundaberg.Navy Reunion Dinner. Anzac Hall. Rockhampton.GARDEN ISLAND OFFICE:Phones: 357-1244, 35-3337A Satisfactory Connection the Navy Department andP. Ho P. EngineeringRear 62 MACPHERSON STREET,WAVERLEY, N.S.W.Sunday, October 10a.m.9.00 a.m.12.30 p.m.p.m.1.00 p.m.Naval Service of Remembrance at Gladstone.Naval Service of Remembrance and Wreath-laying Ceremony atToowoomba.Navy Bowls Day at Wavell Heights Bowling Club.H.M.A.S. Duchess open for public inspection in Brisbane.Navy Week Sailing Regatta at R.O.Y.S. Course. Manly. Brisbane.VICTORIAWho are Proud to be Associated with ihe Navyin their Work's ProgramsDepartmentSaturday, October 2AfternoonNavy Day Handicap atFlemington Racecourse.* Suppliers of ^ ^ ^ A N D RIGGING SCREWSSunday, October 3MorningChurch Services atSt. Paul's and St.Patrick's Cathedrals.For All Enquiries . . .MR. L. G. PEARTON38-5724 - PHONE — 38-5724August-September-October, 1971THE NAVYPage Forty-twoMonday, October 4Naval Reserve Cadets willparticipate in theSeafarers' Service atSt. Paul's.Navy Golf Day atWaverley Golf Club.August-September-October, 1971 THE NAVY Page Forty-three

FOR FUTURE CONTRACTING SPECIFYCATOLEUM PTY. LTD,WHO ARE PROUD TO BE ASSOCIATED WITH THE NAVY'S WORKS PROGRAMMESConsider Products and Services For.FUEL OIL TREATMENTCLEANING TANKS. DECKS AND EQUIPMENTDESCALING AND DERUSTING ENGINE JACKETS. ETC.. EVAPORATOR TREATMENTBOILER WATER AND CONDENSATE LINE TREATMENTFor Further Information Contact:CATOLEUM PTY. LTDANDERSON STREET, BOTANY, N.S.W.Telephone: 666-7733PETTIFORDINDUSTRIES PTY. LIMITED* Wire and Tube Fabricators to IndustryMilk Crates Oven Shelves Baskets Fan and Radiator Guards Stillagcs Refrigerator RacksPedal Arms Wire Cut and Straightened* DISPLAY UNITS DESIGNEDVICTORIA CONTINUEDFriday, October 8Navy Week Ball atH.M.A.S. Lonsdale.Saturday, October 9AfternoonNaval Reserve CadetsTraining Ships, Barwon,Melbourne and Voyager,will be open for publicinspection.NOTE: H.M.A.S Cerberus and Williamstown uvvn/fliU Dockyard V will NOTho be nnon open for ~.. public Ui:~ : inspection * during Navy WeekSunday, October 10MorningAfternoonEveningNaval AssociationService at Christ Church,South Yarra.Naval Reserve Cadets willbe participating.Shrine CommemorationService. Cadets fromthe Training ShipsMelbourne and Voyagerwill be participating inthe service.Reception at H.M.A.S.Lonsdale.H WESTERN AUST •Sunday, October 3Wednesday, October 6Sunday, October 10Service at St. John s Church. FremantleLuncheon organised by Navy Officers' Wives.Race Meeting.Trots.Open day at H M A S Leeuwin.FOR ALL APPLICATIONS• MANUFACTURERS OF: Storemaster range of Supermarket Sclf-Service Customer Carls.Baskets. Store Trolleys. Shelves. Etc.. Hotel-Motel Housemaid Trolleys. Porter's Trolleys. CleaningTrolleys, etcAny product that needs wire or metal tubing needs the experienceand expertise of Pettifords82 GIBSON AVENUE, PADSTOW77 0501 (9 Lines)AT YOUR SKRVICtFor ^ our llolidai RequirementsInformation & Bookings: Call or TelephoneHOWARD SMITH TRAVEL CENTRESSydne>: 269George St. Tel. 27-5611ROBIN HOOD >NNBLACKTOWN, N.S.W.i Popular Mine Host. JOHN LAZAN AS 1Melbourne: 522 Collins St Tel 62-1711Poet Adelaide: J Todd St Tel. 4-1461Fremantle: IMouattSt Tel S-I07INewcastle: 16 Watt St Tel '•-4711Cairns: 18 Abbott St Tel 2115-6Ballar.t: Cnr Lsdurd 4 Mair Sis Tel 2-5462• lev Cold Tooths Beer at Its Best• Popular Snack BarPhon«: 622-020SPage Forty-six THE NAVY November-Deiember-January,Nov.mtwr-DK.mtMr-J.nu .ry, 1971/72Pag. Forty-aw«n THE NAVYPacaFarty-M*

The answer to efficiency lies In QUALITY CONTROLDISTRIBUTED BYLOVELOCKSNEWCASTLE766 HUNTER ST.NEWCASTLE WESTPhone:61-5785ADELAIDE162-164 GOUGER STPhone:51-2154suppliers to Royal Australian Navyof QUALITY CONTROL equipment forRefrigeration, Airconditioning andIndustrial applications, Du PontFREON refrigerants and solventsF. C. LOVELOCK PTY. LIMITEDHead Office and Sydney Branch:19-21 BUCKLANO STREET, BROADWAY - Phone: 211-2811CANBERRA3 WILUNA ST.FYSHWICKPhone: 95-1422BRISBANE67-73 MARY STPhone: 2-3481PERTHJ O. PRITCHARDP/L88 H AVELOCK ST.Phone: 21-6546MELBOURNE602 LITTLE COLLINS STPhone:61-2545Sunday, October 3Monday October 4toSaturday, October 9Sunday, October 3TASMANIAChurch Services and Wreath-laying Ceremonies.Naval displays in New State Library and thewindows of various department stores.SOUTH AUSTH.M.A.S. Queenboroughwill berth. (It isanticipated that thetraining frigate will beopen for publicinspection on a number ofoccasions during NavyWeek.)Thursday, October 7 p.m. Members of the NavalOfficers'Club will holda dinner at the Navaland Military Club.A satisfactory conncctionThe Navy Dept. andFriday, October 8 12.00 Noon Commemoration Serviceand Wreath Laying at theState War Memorial.North Terrace. AdelaideTillman's Meat WorksWho are proud to be associated with ihe Navy Dept. in (he supply ol . . . .MEATFOR ALL ENQUIRIESGeelong Street, Fyshwick, A.C.T.Phone 95-88388.00 p.m. R.A.N.R. Ball in DrillHall. H.M.A.S.Encounter.Saturday, October 9 p.m. Navy League JuniorGroup Dinner Dance in theDrill Hall. H.M.A.S.Encounter.Sunday, October 10 11.00 a.m. Naval CommemorationService. St. FrancisXavier Cathedral,Adelaide.7.00 p.m Naval CommemorationService, Holy TrinityChurch of England.North Terrace. Adelaide.Page Forty-sixTHE NAVY Auguit-Saptambar-Octobar, 19August-September-October, 1971 THE NAVY Page Forty-seven

Compliments to all RoyalAustralian Navy Personnelfrom theSouthAustralianStevedoringPty.Ltd.LIPSON STREETPORT ADELAIDETelephone: 47-5833Best Wishes to all Naval Personnel IromCo.Adelaide SteamshipIndustries Pty. Ltd.(ENGINEERING DIVISION)MARINE REPAIRS BOILERMAKERS.SHIPWRIGHTS. SLIPWAY PROPRIETORS1180 Old Port RoadRoyal Park S.A.Telephone 47-5144Best wishes to all Naval Personnel from theHINDMARSHBUILDINGSOCHTY344 PORT ROADHINDMARSH, S.A.Telephone: 46-3888GAWLER PLACE. ADELAIDETelephone: 23-992210 BEACH RP . CHRISTIES BEACHTelephone: 82-1374Consult the —We Can Assist You to Supplement• RETIREMENT BENEFITS• SAVINGS PLANSthrough Group Assurance, and arrange forprotection of your assets against —• FIRE• ACCIDENTAL DAMAGE. ETC.A.M.P. SOCIETY 51-04511 KING Wll LIAM STREETADELAIDEALL YOUR INSURANCE NEEDS UNDERONE GREAT NAMERegional Otlices:• Bay Road. Mount Gambler Phone 2-3158• Norman Street. Port Plrle. Phone 32-3322ci®y At...IARDEN ISLAND NAVAL DOCKY1.15 P.M. TO 9.00 P.M.... SUNDAY, 10th OCTOBER, IACTIVITIES SCHEDULEDShips for Public InspectionThe Aircraft Carrier H.M.A.S. MELBOURNE, the Flagship of the RoyalAustralian Navy, The Guided Missile Destroyer H.M.A.S. Hobart, SubmarineOTWAY, modern Destroyer Escorts including the R.A.N.'s latest Escort,H.M.A.S. TORRENS, Patrol Boats and Minesweepers will be opened for Publicinspection.Naval aircraft, including Skyhawks, Trackers and Wessex Helicopters, willbe embarked in the MELBOURNE.Harbour Trips In Torpedo Recovery VesselsVisitors will be taken on harbour tours in thesemodern Naval support cralt. The latest torpedoes will beon display in the vessels.Display by Navy FrogmenFrogmen w.ll simulate underwater attacks: drops andpick-ups Irom helicopters and fast surface craft will befeatured A selection of explosive devices used inVietnam will be on display.FHm ShowA continuous film show will be run during theafternoon. Films to be featured will include:—"Birds Away" (the TARTAR Surface to Air missile); "Onthe Gunline" (Vietnam Operations): "Music for theModern Navy"; "The Oberon Submarine": "Sea and AirPower" and "Supplying the Navy".Naval Historical ExhibitionThe following attractions will be featured: —(1) Display of Naval firearms and edged weapons —17th to 20th Century(2) Display of medals from Napoleon's Wars to WorldWar II.(3) Twenty scale models of Naval vessels — 18th to20th Century.(4) A collection ol John Alcott paintings of Navalvessels.(5) Photographic display of Naval vessels(6) A live demonstration of model making. H.M.A.S.Cerberus, an historic Iron Monitor Warship, wilt bemodelled at the display. Model maker's plans of thevessel will be available to the public.(7) Items salvaged from the bullion ship Niagara.(8) Trafalgar rel^s. including a copy of the GuernseyGazette dated December 28. 1805. announcing thedeath of Lord Nelson. A 1797 lithograph of Lord Nelson.(9) Relics of H MAS Parramatta, the first ship in theR.A.N.Band PerformancesThe Naval Band and Combined Youth Bands will giverecitals and marching displays during the afternoon.A submarine of th. Obaron cl.ti h..v.i to. whlo Army commando, boardIrom ttwfc canoa. At laa«t ona of UtoM submarine* arMI ba opan lor pubtkImpaction durlnf Navy bay at tartan Island Naval Dockyard on Sunday. 101(71.Page Forty-eightTHE NAVYAugust-September-October, 1971August-September-October, 1971 THE NAVY Pace Forty-nlnr

This Space Sponsored as a Goodwill Gesture to allNavy Members fromW.TURNERPTY. LTD.* GENERAL ENGINEERSHanson Road, WingfieldSouth Australia 5013Telephone: 45-8113For all Interstate and Overseas TravelContact our Experienced Consultantsat . .STEWART MOFFATTTRAVELCnr. Grenfell & King WilliamSts. Adelaide, S.A. 5000TELEPHONE: 8-6721MEMBER OF AUSTRALIANFEDERATION OF TRAVEL AGENTSThe Dottroyer Etco.t H.M.A.S. Parramalla VetMlt ot thlt type will be open lorpublic Impaction al Cardan liland Naval Dockyard, on Sunday. lOOctober. 1971.CONTRIBUTIONS INVITEDSubmarine DisplayIn addition to the opening of the Oberon Classsubmarine Otway for public inspection, a static displayshowing the activities of the submarine arm of the RoyalAustralian Navy will be mountedDisplay by Naval ApprenticesNaval Apprentices from the Apprentice TrainingEstablishment at H.M.A.S. Nirimba will mount aworking display ot boat building, welding, turning, tibreglass working, painting and engine maintenance Thedisplay will be assembled in the workshop ot the R.A.N.'sFleet Maintenance Ship H M A S. Stalwart. The yachtNirimba, which was built by the apprentices, will also beon displayFree ferry transport to and from Garden Island will berun trom 1 p.m The ferries will run a continuous shuttleservice between No. 2 Wharf, Circular Quay: JeffreyStreet and Cremorne Wharves Public transportservices to and from Garden Island will also besupplemented during the afternoonThe editor invites personv to submit cuticles photographs and drawingsblack ink for inclusion in the magazine hut tegiets that no payment can be madefor contributions submitted Contributions should be addressed The Editor TheNavy Bo* CI 78 Clarence Street Post Office Sydney NSW 2000 AustraliaThe Editoi does not hold himself »esponsible fo» manuscripts though everyeffort will be made to return these with which a stamped and addressed envelope isenclosedCompliments to the Navy League IromGERRARD WIRETYING MACHINESGO. PTY. LTD.Manufacturers and Processors of Steeland Wire Products168 Grote StreetADELAIDE, S.A. 5000Phones: 51-2380, 51-2394Best wishes to All Naval Personnel fromEdmundSchneiderPty. Ltd.SAILPLANE MANUFACTURERS& IMPORTERSPARAFIELD AERODROMESOUTH AUSTRALIA•Telephone 58-2727For Future Contracting Specify . ..J. V. HOLT & CO.PTY. LTD.(ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS)517 BOTANY ROAD, WATERLOOSpecialising:* FAULT LOCATING AND JOINING0 LARGE PROJECT INSTALLATIONS* ERECTION SERVICES4 CONTRACTORS TO NAVY69-5803 Phone 69-5803Page Fifty THE NAVY August-Saptember-October, 1August-September-October, 1971 THE NAVY Page Fifty-one

Seamanshipfor aStudentPrinceby TIM RADFORDA young officer take* a sight aboard a frigate of the Royal Navyi Dartmouth Trainingwhich I* attached to the Royal Naval Co«eg* The young men who enter the collegetrained as officers, are toon to be Joined by the Prince of Wales, who wMI foNow In the foot**hit father, the Duke of Edinburgh, and hit grandfather King George VI. The CoMege.reputation and tradition!, not only tralnt officer! for the Royal Navy, but many fromThe young English graduate who joins the Britannia Royal Naval Collegein September, along with other graduates and naval students from countriesas far apart as New Zealand and Ethiopa, will learn something about spit andpolish and a lot about seamanship.And during the accelerated course British throne, is to join the Navy,for graduate entrants to the Royal For nearly two centuries the KingsNavy he will draw 4 40 Pounds a day of England — with the exception ofpay (less 1 Pound for mess and George IV — have served at sea.accommodation) while learning the Prince Charles' father, the Duke ofall-important art of leadershipEdinburgh, spent two terms at theBut in this subject he has a head College in 1939. gained his first commandstart. He will one day be King ofin 1950 and is still serving asan Admiral of the Fleet.England.Like his father, his grandfatherand his great-grandfather beforehim. Prince Charles, the Prince ofWales and heir apparent to theBut the college at Dartmouth inthe west of England that the 22-yearoldPrince will join is no longer thewooden-walled training ship thatWeekday dlvHIom by cadett and midshipmen on the parade ground In front of the Royal NavyCollege Dartmouth.King George V joined in 1877. andthe curriculum has changed, too.since his father's day.Science — and DrillThe cadets and Sub-Lieutenantsstill take a pride in smartness. Butthe accent is less on drill and moreon science — the basic physical andmathematical principles underlyingthe sophisticated technologyof the modern NavySome of the academic studies thatlie before the young Prince willalready be familiar: he is nowstudying at the Rcyal Air ForceCollege at Cranwell in eastern Englandand has already gained hiswings.But he — and the other 40 or sograduates — will have to beginlearning seamanship, navigation,engineering, supply administrationand management and somethingof Naval history.Out of the classroom he will be confrontedby swimming, lifesaving andsmall-boat sailing tests, physical fitnessactivities and a couple ofoutings aboard a minesweeperattached to the college. These won'tbe pleasure trips — the collegecadets and acting Sub-Lieutenantswill get practical experience in shiphandlingand fixing by radar andDecca moving map display.A cadet It transferred by Jackitay from H.M.S.Torquay to H.M.S. Scarborough, two frigates ofthe Royal Navy's Dartmouth Training Squadron.which is attached to the Royal Naval College.And on top of that, the inevitabledrill — 16 periods of some 50minutes each on the parade ground.Commonwealth LinksThe Prince will live and work underthe same conditions as his othercontemporaries among the 500-600students at the college. Staff and hiscontemporaries will call him PrinceCharles. His juniors in rank — thecadets — will call him Sir.Basically, we are not making ar.yspecial arrangements for the Princeat all." says the college. "He will havea lot to learn in a very short time."'The Prince's education at Dartmouthwill keep him in touch, too.with the Commonwealth. In facthell move into a cabin (furnishedwith bed. desk, armchair andwardrobe) just vacated by a youngnaval officer born in Dar es Salaam,whose parents now live in NairobiThe next term s intake of studentsfrom other countries has not yetbeen settled, but the collegenormally has young officers fromMalaysia. S'ngapore, Kenya.Nigeria. New Zealand and Trinidadand Tobago — as well as from Iranand Ethiopia.Destroyer ServiceHe'll be under the command of aNew Zealander Captain of the college.Captain Allan Gordon Tait. was»PW'«nt '•»•• to th. .» Print. Ch.,1.. th. Prlnc. of Kalos. h u m . th. first hoi. to thoBritish throna to m.fc. a parachute doscnt whan ho compl.tad a s!> month ftytni court. at thoRoyal Air Fore. CoHaf. at Canntl. Enfland, b, diopplnf from an Andovc. aircraft. 1.200 It Intotha English ChannofCadats at tha CoUof. aro not raqulnd to mala tha parachuta Drop — but tha 22 roar-old Prlnc.raquostad that ha should maha tha dttcant"~onds o( landlnf In tha Channot. tho Prfnc. .as hauM aboard IMS Gomin, mfl.t.bl.assault craft b, t»o Ro,al Marlins and. hl|hl, satl.UM. farrtod lords tha tl~l Abordoverborn in Timaru in the South Islandand studied at Dartmouth at thebeginning of the Second World WarHe returned to the college last yearBut the preliminary training thePrince will undergo at Dartmouthwill be only the beginning ol hisSUBSCRIPTION FORMTo 'The Navy".Box C178. Clarence Street Post Office.Sydney. N.S.W.. 2000. Australia.I enclose $2.00 being •subscription to "Tlw Navy" magazine for lh years(refer notes below).NameStreetSuburbStatefor a hot drinfc and a chanfa of clothasstudies. At the end ot October he willjoin the guided missile destroyerH.M.S Norfolk tor nine months' seatraining as acting Sub-Lieutenantbefore he considers specialist studyin any particular branch of the Navyduring his three to five years' servicePost Code• Please Print Clearly»Please make cheques postal orders or money orders payable to TheNavy LeaguePlease place a tick in the square if a receipt is required L_1Subscriptions commence in January of each year, at which time asubscription reminder notice is forwarded to current subscribers —Annual Subscription $1 30'Persons commencing subscriptions to The Navy" magazine duringthe quarter commencing APRIL • i.e. sub for years* should remit$2 30. JULY «sub for 1 «i years• $2 00. and OCTOBER < sub for 1' i vears >SI B0Subscriptions for shorter periods than 12 months cannot be acceptedOverseas subscription rates i by air sea mail > supplied on requestAugust-September-October. 1971THE NAVYP*. Ftfty thTM

"The Civilian A r m of the Navy"DIVISIONSWe invite you to swell uur ranksThe principal objective of the NavyNew South Wales - Box 1719.G.P.O.,League of Australia is to stress the vital and so keep up to date with MaritimeSydney, 2001.importance of Sea Power to the Affairs to help to build anVictoria — Room 6. 2nd Floor, 528Commonwealth of Nations and the ever-increasing weight of informedCollins Street. Melbourne. 3000.important role played by the Royalpublic opinion. The Navy League willAustralian Navy.Queensland — 39 Pinecroft Street,then become widely known and Camp H ill. Queensland. 4152.The League, in conjunction withexercise an important influence in the Tasmania -the Commonwealth Naval Board,administers the Australian Sea Cadet life of the Australian Nation.South Australia - Box 1S29M G.P.O.,Adelaide. 5001Corps, by providing finance andThe League consists of Fellows and Western Australia - 182 Coode Street,technical sea training for boys whointend to serve in the Naval or Associates. All British subject] whoComo, 6152.Australian Capital Territory - 60Merchant Services, also to those support the objectives of the LeagueLimestone Avenue, Ainslie, 2602.sea-minded boys, who do not intend to are eligible for membership. Members Northern Territory - CI- Mrs. V. Mfollow a sea career, but who given thisreceive copies of the League's magazine Slide, 12 Allen Street, Fannie Bayknowledge will form a valuable reserve5790.for the Naval Service."The Navy".ToSir.THE NAVY LEAGUE OF AUSTRALIAThe SecretaryThe Navy League of Australia.in sympathyNameApplication for Membership< Division i.I im desirous of becoming a Member of the Navy League of Australia with whose objects I ami Mr i'Mrsi Miss ii Rank iPlease Print ClearlyStreet Suburb _StateSignaturePost CodeEnclosed is a remittance for $4 20 being mv first annual subscription.AFTER COMPLETION. THIS FORM SHOULD BE DISPATCHED TO YOUR DIVISIONALSECRETARY - NOTE LISTOF ADDRESSES ABOVE«• Fifty-four THE NAVY August-Saptambar-Octobar, IIDate(AH photographs appearing artththis story are United StatesNavy official.).. The World's Frozen FrontierBy Chief Journalist Bill Neal. U.S.N.The Antarctic is the coldest, dryest, windiest and mostinhospitable place on the face of the earth, yet for 17 yearsman has looked at this vast ice-laden continent with amicroscopic eye. He has found a variety of reptile fossils,one identified as a 200 million-year-oid Cynodont; and hehas also found traces of gold, diamonds, oil, coal and manyother elements that drive man in his search for fortune andfame.This fascinating land called Antarctica.the "seventh continent", issome 5 7 million square miles of hostileterrain, ice. snow, treacherousstorms, and the coldest temperaturesin the world. It is about thesize of the United States and Mexicocombined.Removal of the ice that covers thiscontinent, in some places to a depthof 14.000 feet, and you would find alarge land mass and a chain of scatteredmountainous and volcanicislands. One volcano. Mount Erebus.12.450 feet high, remains activetoday.Today, scientists from severalnations are pooling their knowledge,their efforts and their findings in thisvirtually unknown continent at thebottom of the worldJune 23. 1971. marked the 10thanniversary of the entering intoforce of the Antarctic Treaty whichwas signed in Washington. DC . bythe governments of Argentina. Australia.Belgium. Chile. France. Japan.New Zealand. Norway. South Africa,the USSR.. the United Kingdomand the United StatesSince 1954 four nations haveacceded to the treaty Poland.Czechoslovakia. Denmark and theNetherlands, bringing to a total of16 countries that have been cooperatingfor mutual advantage andfor the advancement of scienceduring the last decadeThe U.S. Navy has been, since1955. responsible for providinglogistic support for scientific andother activities of the United Statesin Antarctica and for developing andtesting the techniques necessary tofulfil this mission.The Commander of the U.S. NavalSupport Force. Antarctica, is designatedas the senior U.S. representativein Antarctica. He is alsoresponsible for determining thefeasibility of. and insuring thesuccess and safety of Antarcticoperations.Through the Secretary of the Navy,he may request the assistance ofthe Army and Air Force and otherappropriate elements of the ArmedForces. He is also authorised toconduct direct liaison with othergovernment agencies as necessaryin the fulfilment of his responsibilities.For example, in obtainingthe services of the U.S. Coast Guardicebreakers, he deals with the Departmentof Transportation.This military command forAntarctic operations is basically aplanning and administrativeorganisation under the Commanderin-Chief.U.S. Atlantic Fleet, headquarteredin Norfolk, and is part ofhis operational organisation.The various units involved in U.S.operations in the Antarctic reportunder the control of a Navy RearAdmiral, designated as CommanderTask Force 43 (CTF 43).They remain with this commanduntil their assigned mission is completedor for the duration of theoperating season from September toFebruaryOperation DEEP FREEZE, the codename for the U.S. Navy's operationsin the Antarctic, ended this seasonearly in March. 1971. with the returnto the Washington Navy Yard of RearAdmiral David F Welch, and his jointservice staff.Admiral Welch's command ismade up of personnel from theNavy. Marine Corps. Army. CoastGuard and Air Force — a total ofsome 2.500 men. a half dozen shipsand about a dozen aircraft. This taskforce is brought together to plan andAugust-September-October, 1971 THE NAVY fWt» W—

direct the procurement and transportationof supplies and equipmentto the Antarctic for support ofScientific programmes conductedby the National Science Foundation.In 1955 the Department of Defenceassigned the Navy to handle the bulkof the support mission for theAntarctic operations because of theNavy's requisite experience,background and know-how inhandling a maritime task of runningsupplies some 12.500 miles fromthe east coast of the United Statesthrough New Zealand to McMurdoStation, the largest American base inAntarctica.In rr\ar\y cases, this supply linecontinues on several hundred milesto outlying stations on the Antarcticcontinent.Admiral Welch explains hismission as ".. . basically, we provideour scientists with transportationand construction support for theirhabitat and their various projects;plus their fuels, supplies and themany other necessities of everydaylife-He adds. too. "This enables thecivilians to devote their full efforts toresearch on the five and one-half millionsquare mile continent that iscovered with 95 per cent, of theworld's permanent ice".Each year the Navy transportssome 250 scientists from theNational Science Foundation to theAntarctic, where they are involved inprojects ranging from marinebiology to upper atmosphericphysics.The scientists and some scholarscome from the nation's leadingcolleges and universities and someare sponsored by various U.S.Government agencies andorganisations.Mali* pangulnt at Cap* Roytft. Antartlca.^srsaasasE sssxs—---«•About 95 per cent, of the suppliesused by Americans in the Antarcticget there by cargo ships and amodern tanker, which unload atWinter Quarters Bay in McMurdoSound. Enough supplies are broughtin to McMurdo Station during theshort relatively warm Australsummer to support some 2.000sailors and scientists during theoperating season. Enough food andmaterials is also stockpiled tosupport just over 200 men for the sixmonth"wintering over" periodwhen the only contact with the outerworld is by ham radios or officialcommunication systems.The U.S. Air Force's Military AirliftCommand (MAC), headquarteredat Scott Air Force Base inIllinois, provides special mission aircraftin support of Operation DEEPFREEZETheir giant C-141 Starlifter cargocarriers make flights to the Antarcticin the early part of each season whilethe ice runways are still availableand because they can carry doublethe amount of priority cargo thatcan be carried by integral DEEPFREEZE aircraft.Navy LC-130 ski-equipped Herculesaircraft, the workhorse of allaircraft in the Antarctic, ferry equipmentand supplies from Christchurch.New Zealand's HarewoodInternational Airport to OuterWilliams Field, the Navy Airfieldsome six miles from McMurdoStation on the Ross Ice Shelf.These C-130 planes also makehundreds of flights in delivering thefuel and supplies to the variousUnited States' stations around.„ w „_————--theAntarctic.When the season is at its peak ;atein October, the Hercules aircraft aremaking almost daily turn-aroundflights from New Zealand to theAntarctic Navy LH-1N twin-turbineBell helicopters will be used thisautumn to transport much of thematerials to outlying camps nearMcMurdo. These twin-jet helicoptersare replacing the UH-1B Huey andLH-34 Seahorse helicopters thathave previously been used by theNavy in the Antarctic.Ice BreakersTo open the way for the cargoships, barrel-hulled Coast Guard icebreakerscarve a channel throughthe frozen Ross Sea into McMurdoSound. This channel, cut through icesometimes 8 to 10 feet thick, isusually between 20 and 30 mileslong.By late January, the channel isopened into McMurdo and then it isrelatively easy for the icebreakers tokeep it clear so the other ships canget in with their critical cargo.This 1971 season saw three MilitarySealift Command (MSC) ships,the U.S.N.S Pvt. John R. Towte.U.S.N.S Wyandot and the gianttanker U.S.N.S. Maumee, bringingsupplies and fuel into McMurdo . . .commonly known as the "supermarket" of the Antarctic.(The U.S.N.S. ... U.S. Naval Ship... means the ships are mannedwith Civil Service crews and operatedfor the U.S. Government).The Wyandot stopped at PalmerStation in the northern tip of thePalmer Peninsula late in Januaryand with 10 men from the U.S. NavyCargo Handling and Port Group inWilliamsburg, left enough food andsupplies to stock the shelves forthose spending the winter there.The Towle and Wyandot broughtMcMurdo Station more than 15.000measurement tons of cargo, all ofwhich had been staged and shippedfrom Davisville.The giant tanker Maumee broughtin more than five million gallons offuel this year. Last season, on itsmaiden voyage to the Antarctic, thetanker delivered just over sevenmillion gallons of fuel and petroleumproducts. That single loadwould have required six trips bysmaller tankers used in previousyears in the Antarctic.The Navy's Antarctic SupportActivities (ASA), the operators ofMcMurdo Station's 70 or morebuildings, is responsible forreceiving and then distributing thecargoes to their final destination.They are assisted in this mission bythe Navy's Seabees from ConstructionBattalions at Davisville and acontingent of about 40 sailors fromthe Williamsburg Cargo Handlingand Port Group.TemperaturesOn August 24. 1960. the SovietUnion s Vostok Station, some 700miles from McMurdo Station,recorded a minus 126.9 degreetemperature, the lowest everrecorded anywhere in the world.At Byrd Station, deep in the heartof Marie Byrd Land on the other sideof the continent from VostokStation, is the so-called centre forscientific parties in the western partof Antarctica.This new Byrd Station was commissionedon February 13. 1962. and isbuilt in eight man-made trenchescovered over with steel Wonderarchesand snow. The entire buildingcomplex of prefabricated, insulatedbuildings is below the surface: onlyventilators, scientific equipmentand summer support facilitiesappear above the snow.The average temperature at theSouth Pole Station, where the ice isalmost 8.000 feet thick, is minus 60deg. F.. while at the U.S. PalmerStation on the Antarctic Peninsula itaverages a comparatively warm 26deg. F.Land of IntrigueThe Antarctic is a land of intrigue.The possible existence in the past ofa "super continent" called Gondwanaland.is being studied. Manyscientists feel that it did exist andthat it broke up into separatecontinents that drifted to theirpresent positions.One thing is certain. Antarcticaonce had a much warmer climate.Large deposits of coal have beenfound as well as fossilised trees andferns, indicating that parts ofAntarctica were once covered withforests.Today, there are no trees and fewother plants. The most common arelichens and mosses. The onlyflowering plants or grasses are onthe Antarctic Peninsula.With so few plants for food, it is notsurprising that there is little life onshore. However, the seas around theAntarctic continent are rich in food,supporting penguins and seals nearthe coasts where man conductsmost of his biological work.Animal LHeAll the world's 17 species of penguinslive in the Southern Hemisphereand seven are found inAntarctica. The two most commonare the emperor penguin and theadehe penguinThe emperor is the larger bird; anaverage adult stands about threefeet tall and weighs about 60pounds. The adelie penguins areabout 18 inches high and weighabout 15 pounds when full grown.Biologists have traced theseflightless birds returning to theirAugust-September-October, 1971 THE NAVY P«eF

ookeries from as far away as 2.800miles, but how they navigate is stillbeing studied.- Other animals in the Antarcticinclude whales, seals, and sea birds,but no four-footed animals. TheArctic — at the other end of theworld — has not only seals, whalesand sea birds. "Dut polar bears,arctic foxes, hares and caribou.Scientists today are puzzled overthe penguins natural desalinationprocess. They are also puzzled as tohow newborn seals live through thecritical first days lying on a bed of icewith only a thin downy-like fur coat.and the U.S. Navy have shared thiscost previously but. beginning July1. 1971. the funding will be totallyprovided by the National ScienceFoundation.Wintering over PartyWhen Task Force 43 returned tothe United States last March at theend of the 1971 operating season.213 American sailors and scientistswere left in the Antarctic with the"wintering-over party".Of these. 212 will spend the sixmonth-longwinter of darkness at thefour American bases Our largestAntarctic base of McMurdo StationAnother question still unansweredis how do seals and penguins makehas 151 American sailors and nineU.S. scientists: Byrd Station has 16deep dives; some seals have been sailors, three American scientistsrecorded making 2.000-feet dives. and one Russian scientist for theThe future of this hostile, barren winter: the Amundsen-Scott Southcontinent cannot be answered today, Pole Station has 14 sailors and sevenbut the scientific approach to the scientists, and Palmer Station hasAntarctic has enabled man to nine sailors and two scientists in itsconquer it. live there in reasonable winter crew.comfort and continue his studies in One other American scientist isa co-operative atmosphere for the spending the winter in the coldgood of mankind.Antarctic but his winter home issomewhat different from life at theThe cost of a year's Antarcticfour American wintering-overoperations is roughly $33 million.stations.The National Science FoundationThis scientist. Dale L Vance, will bestudying upper atmospheric physicsduring the long winter at the SovietUnion s Vostok Station.The Antarctic is a continent onwhich al! nations present haveagreed to hold, during the 30-yearperiod of the Antarctic Treaty, territorialclaims in abeyance; it is a landwhere there are no militaryweapons: a land where nuclearexplosions and disposal of nuclearwastes are outlawed; a land whereany nation s planes can fly at anytime to check on what is going onbelow: and it is a land whereobservers from all the treaty nationshave the right of free access to anyor all areas.The Antarctic has many possibilitiesfor the future but the pursuitof scientific knowledge will long beits main attraction. Scientific datawill remain the chief export, and themen who obtain it from the Antarcticwill continue to be the principalinhabitants.In the next edition of 'The Navy"there will appear a further article onthe world's frozen frontier.—EditorWhat does ONEJohnnie's CreditCard give you?Easy Shopping at Johnnie's Four Stores in South AustraliaRUNDLE STREET; ARNDALE; MARION; ELIZABETHNaval Cadet Force NewsNEW SOUTH WALES. _ , , QUARTERLY RETORT OF PROCEEDINGSThkReport It for the period 1 April to 30 June, 1971, and covert Contlnuout TrainingWeekend Training and other activitle, carried out by the Naval Reterve Cadett in New W hContinuous Training was undertaken in the followingShips and Establishments —IM.A. SHIP/BTABLISHMENTkngulnMaltaft* 0 "PrlmbaDATES10-16 May10-16 May10-16 May10-16 May10-16 MayTYPE OFTRAININGNUMBER OFPERSONNELAdvancement Course 37Advancement Course 18M.E. Badge Course 31Cookery Course 9Physical Trainer's 1 ]CourseIn addition. 6 Cadets attended the Army CadetAdventure Training Course held at Singleton ArmyCamp from 19 to 29 May. This involved sections onphysical agility, map reading and completion of a longdistance walk and climb from written informationsupplied by Army Headquarters.Weekend Training took place in the following Shipsand Establishments:—H.M.A. SHIP/ESTABLISHMENTPenguinHobartVendettaYarraYarraVendettaHobartHobartHobartNUMBER OFDATESPERSONNEL16-18 April 3423-26 April 1221-23 May 2421-23 May 1728-30 May 1728-30 May 2428-30 May 1218-20 June 1225-27 June 20Commander J.St.B. More. R.A.N representing the FlagOfficer Commanding East Australia Area carried out theAnnual Inspection of the following Units —The Senior Officer and the Executive Officer, asmembers of the Service Advisory Panel of the Duke ofEdinburgh's Award in Australia attended thepresentation of Gold Awards by His Royal Highness. TheDuke of Edinburgh on Friday. 2 April.As an official guest, the Seniflr Officer attended aR.A.A.F. Reception on Tuesday. 6 April. The SeniorOfficer was the Principal Guest and Speaker at GuildfordR.S.L. Anzac Day Service and Parade on 18 April and waspresent at the Scots College Remembrance Parade onSunday. 2 MayDuring the period 10 to 15 May. the Senior Officervisited the Headmasters of the following schools whereSchool Units or Sections are operating:—The Scots College — Bellevue Hill.St. Ives High School — St. IvesBarrenjoey High School — Avalon Beach.James Cook High School — KogarahIt is with sincere regret that I have to include in thisReport the death of the Commanding Officer of T.S.Condamlne, Lieutenant A D Alexander, on Thursday. 3June. The new building to house Condamlne is nowalmost complete, and although the Unit has operatedunder hardship for some considerable time it has beendue to the efforts of Lieutenant Alexander that a highstandard ol efficiency has been maintained. The newbuilding will be a fitting memorial to an Officer who hasdone much for the Cadet movement in New South Walesand in particular within the Manly area.(Sgd.) L. MACKAY-CRUISE.Commander. R.A.N.R.Senior Officer.NN recruit. to tho Na,*J RMTM Cadet* belnf Introduced to Codot Wo by *kindly potty office.The opportunity to use any of our Accounts ... a monthly, with up to 60 daysto pay: a Budget or No. 2. with small extended payments: a HouseholdAccount, for larger-than-usual items. Open your account at Johnnie's, today.Ask any sales-person for details.Saturday. 17 AprilSaturday. 1 MaySaturday. 22 MaySaturday. 29 MaySaturday. 5 JuneWednesday. 9 JuneFriday. 18 JuneT.S Warrego (Hunter s Hill Unit)T.S Shropshire (Canterbury Unit)T.S. Condamlne (Manly Unit)T.S. Hawkesbury (Gosford Unit)T.S Albatroaa (Wollongong Unit)Sydney Grammar School UnitScots College UnitPage Fifty-eightTHE NAVYAugust-September-October,

VICTORIA• The Command,ng Off,cers o« the Victorian Sea Cadetsheld their annual meeting on 24 April last at• "The meeting opened with a very lively sessionNaval Audit Branch. In the evening, several membe s oCommander F.G.Evans.HMAS Lonsdale. Train,ng will include boat work onH M A S Arrow. Parade Training. instruction on Sh.ps oltheR AN and several 1,1ms w,ll be shownHalmaheras. The Proclamation of the surrender of theJapanese was read and the ships officers wereentertained by the Sultan.MACKAY TERRITORIAL BRANCHThe Mackay Territorial Branch, under its capablePresident. Mr. E. Homan. has built considerableextensions to the Headquarters of its unit. T.S. Pioneer.At a cost of approximately $12,000. they have addedclass rooms, a galley, canteen, showers, heads,wardroom and an instructors' mess. The extensionswere opened early in the year and are adding greatly tothe comfort and instruction of the cadets. To the greatcredit of the Branch, it was opened free of debt.SOUTH COAST TERRITORIAL BRANCHSouth Coast was the first territorial branch to beformed in the Queensland Division. Over the long haul,they have produced the finest Headquarters andtraining establishment on the Spit at Southport. facingthe Broadwater, at the southern end of Moreton Bay. Forthe last couple of years, the Branch has been kept alivethrough the trojan efforts of Mr. Jim Spiers, who hasoften been President. Hon. Secretary and Treasurer allrolled into one.Now. through the achievement of their unit. T.S.Tyalgum, which this year has. by being judged the mostefficient Unit in Queensland became the holders of theDivisional Colour and as well, the holders of the A.M.P.Shield for the best unit outside the metropolitan area.Since Presentation, the Colour has been held eachyear by one of the Brisbane Units. 1971 is the first yearthat any unit has won the "double header" Our sincerecongratulations go to T.S. Tyalgum and the South CoastBranch. It is hoped that this success will so increase themorale of the South Coast Branch that it will quickly bein full swing again and ready to meet its commitmentsunder the new system of Naval Reserve Cadets.Captain B. L. Cleary. R.A.N., Director of Naval Reserves, talks with twosailor* who were formerly Sea Cadets.T.S. Barwon has been named the Best Unit in Victoriafor the year 1971. On 1 August. Captain B. Cleary arrivedaboard H.M.A.S. Arrow to do the annual Inspection. TheUnit situated on the shores of Corio Bay at Geelong wasfounded in 1932 and over the years has become possiblyone of the best equipped Units in Australia. The Unit isunder the Command of Lieutenant Commander J. Bakerand has approximately 60 Cadets.On 20 August. 35 Cadets from all Units and 14Officer/Instructors will enter a weekend camp atThe Director of Naval Reserves. Captain B. L. Cleary. R.A.N.. sails withcadets from T.S. Barwon during his Annual Inspection of the Unit.QUEENSLANDTrilntnt Ship Bflfwon 1ROCKHAMPTON TERRITORIAL BRANCHLast year, a Territorial Branch of the QueenslandDivision was established at Rockhampton. Mr. Corrinwas the first President and Mr. D. Hope, the Hon.Secretary. With considerable local enthusiasm theorganisation of a Sea Cadet Unit was put in hand, underthe control and guidance of Mr. S. J. Cooke.This year. Mrs. V. Goleby has taken over as Presidentof the Branch to allow Mr. Corrin to devote more time tothe unit. The Branch is arranging to lease an area ofland from the Harbour Board.In January. 1971. the Naval Board recognised the unit,under the command of S. J. Cooke as T.SRockhampton. The unit is now functioning satisfactorilywith a full complement of Officers and Instructors.The new unit perpetuates the name of H.M.A.S.Rockhampton, an Australian Minesweeper (BathurstClass) built at Walker s Ltd.. Maryborough, and launchedon 26 June. 1941. She was commissioned on 21January. 1942.At the end of the war Rockhampton took the Sultan ofTernate back to the Island of Ternate. in theAt T.S. Pioneer, the boats hed looking through to Cadets' canteen.T.S. Pioneer Unit Headquarters.BUNDABERG TERRITORIAL BRANCHThe Bundaberg Branch has had a very busy year. In1970. they obtained a lease of 2 Mi acres from theBundaberg Harbour Board, and this year set aboutbuilding a Headquarters for T.S Bundaberg. Much of thework has been done with voluntary labour. The concretefloor was poured on 24 April, and the building is nownearing completion. The Branch obtained an overdraftfrom the Bank of New South Wales.It was the intention to open the new building duringNavy Week. but. realising that the demands of NavyWeek would preclude attendance of any visitors fromBrisbane, they have postponed the opening until 30October. 1971KINGAROY TERRITORIAL BRANCHOwing to the activities of Mr. B. R. Ebsworth. of theBank of New South Wales, a new Territorial Branch hasbeen started in Kingaroy The p resident is Mr K. T.Peters and there is considerable support in the town.Sixteen citizens have joined the Navy League and theQueensland Division has applied for a Warrant ofCommission from the Federal Council of the NavyLeague. We are now awaiting the issue of the Warrantand are looking forward to useful endeavours from thenew Branch.Honour Board. Training Ship Pioneer at Mackay. QueenslandTHE A.M.P. SHIELDA number of years ago. the Australian MutualP.'ovident Society presented a Shield to the QueenslandDivision, for the purpose of encouraging the small unitsoutside the Capital City. That they have achieved theirobject is plain, when in 1971. T.S. Tyalgum has whippedall the Brisbane units.The conditions of the gift were, that it was to be heldeach year by the unit judged most efficient outside themetropolitan area, and that the unit that succeeded inwinning it three times should retain it as a permanenttrophy. Since presentation, the Shield has gone up anddown the Queensland coast, and last year T.S Pioneer atMackay. won it for the third time.The Australian Mutual Provident Society has nowoffered a new Shield, which, when received, will bepresented to T.S. Tyalgum. The Division is duly gratefulto the Society for its generous gesture in ensuring thatthe Shield will continue to encourage the country units.The Headquarter* building of T.S. Pioneer has recently been extended at acoat of $12,000 Faculties provided include class rooms, wardroom,canteen, galley, showers, etc.

Best Wishes to all Naval Personnel from theEXETER HOTEL(Con Argy, Prop.)Noted for customer service and well stockedBottle DepartmentSemaphore Road, ExeterTelephone: 49-6716Compliments and best wishes to All NavalPersonnel fromHARVIE MORRIS PTY. LTD.GENERAL ENGINEERSManufacturers of Truline Tools11 SECOND ST., BROMPTON, S.A.Telephone: 46-3815Satisfy Hungry AppetiteswithBalfoursPies, Pasties. Sausage RollsBest wishes to All Naval Personnel fromCRUICKSHANK PTY. LTD.PRINTERS. STATIONERS & BOOKBINDERSAlso Desks. Wood or Steel Chairs and TablesSteel Cabinets and Lockers151 GOUGER ST.. ADELAIDE, S.A.Telephone: 51-4773Best wishes to all R A N Personnel fromALBERTON HOTELP.&K. BRIEN, Proprietors*where the Beer is cold and the welcome warm*Telephone: 47-1069FRANK J. SIEBERTFuneral DirectorsDa> and Nighi ServiceState or Interstate49 WAKEFIELD ST., ADELAIDETelephone: 23-5879Also at ElizabethBest wishes to all Naval Personnel fromAURORA HOTEL(Mine Host: Mrs. H. M. EckertlTHE AIR-CONDITIONED. LLXI R1ANTLOINGE-BAR GRILL ROOMYour choice of Menu Plus Delectable SaladsThe Bcsi of Choice Steak. St.60. Marinated SteakSI. 50. Steak to Order SEWMon. to Fri. 12 noon to 2 p.m. Sal. 12 noon to 2 p.m.E.tning Meals 5.30 lo 8.30182 P1RIE STREET, ADELAIDETelephone: 23-2021Best Wishes to all the Navy Boys fromASTOR HOTELEugene (Mick) Meegan Mine Host95 Gawler Place, Adelaide•Friendly and courteous attention *The best ofBeer. Wine and Spirits * Counter lunches and teasdaily served in an excellent atmosphere • Fully airconditioned • Phones in every roomTelephone 51-6408Th#0tr,c,OfTASMANIAol N.V.I Rmrv(t c U|n Bdrill whM« inspecting T$.^)«rwenTSOUTHAUSTRALIAThe South Australian Units have anew Senior Officer. Lt. Cmdr. A. F W., Langford. V R D . R.A.N R.. viceCommander E. B Hopkins. R A.N R..who was Senior Officer for 15 years.T.S. GAMBIERi The Training Ship Gambier hasbeen named the most Efficient Navalj Reserve Cadet Unit in Australia.The Navy League Shield waspresented to the Unit by Mr T.Francis Matters. President of theSouth Australian Division of theNavy League The President alsopresented the Unit with their ownpower boat. John Lancaster.All three South Australian Unitsriow have identical power boats,which will greatly facilitatejniformity in training.T.S. DERWENTWINS AWARDT.S. Derwent has been awarded theSea Cadet Corps Colour for being themost efficient Sea Cadet Corps unitin Tasmania for 1971.Under the command of Lieut.-Cdr.A E. Gates, of Lindisfarne. T.SDerwent is situated at the navaldepot at H.M.A.S. Huon »n theDomain. It is staffed by six cadetofficers and nine chief and pettyofficer instructors, and has 100cadets in training.The old Mercantile Rowing Clubquarters is being rebuilt to becomethe unit's permanent headquarters,and when finished it will be one ofthe best equipped sea cadet trainingestablishments in Australia.On 5 August. T.S. Derwent wasinspected by the Director of NavalReserves (Capt B. L. Cleary). whowill make an assessment for theannual award of the Navy League ofAustralia efficiency trophy for themost efficient sea cadet unit inAustraliaThe Naval Officer in Charge.Tasmania Command (Commander I.C. Hutchison) recently completed atour of Tasmania when he made hisannual inspection of sea cadet unitsat George Town. Launceston.Hobart. Devonport. Ulverstone andBurnie.CUfu.hain THE NAVY August-S«ptember-October,'^•September-October, 1971THE NAVYPage Sixty-thret

JOIN THENAVAL RESERVE CADETSK you are betw—n KM ogn of 13 and 18 yean.The Australian Sea Cadet Corps is avoluntary organisation administeredbv the Commonwealth Naval Boardand The Navy League of AustraliaThe aim of the Australian Sea CadetCorps is to provide for the spiritual,social and educational welfare of bovsand to develop in them character, asense of patriotism, self-reliance,citizenship and disciplineUniforms are supplied free of charge.Cadets are required to producc acertificate from their doctor toconfirm they are capable of carryingout the normal duties and activities ofthe Cadet Corps. If injured while onduty. Cadets are considered forpayment of compensation.Parades are held on Saturdayafternoons and certain Units hold anadditional parade one night a week.The interesting syllabus of trainingcovers a wide sphere and includesseamanship, handling of boats undersail and power, navigation, physicaltraining, rifle shooting, signallingsplicing of wire and ropes, generalsporting activities and other variedsubjectsInstructional camps are arranged forSea Cadets in Naval Establishments,and thev are also given opportunities,whenever possible, to undertaketraining at sea in ships of the RovalAustralian NavyCadets, if considering a sea career,are given every assistance to join theRoyal Australian Navy, the MercantileMarine or the Roval Australian NavalReserve but there is no compulsion tojoin these ServicesFor further information please contact the Divisional Senior Officer in your State, using theForm provided below.FOR FUTURE CONTRACTING SPECIFY . .FALKINERCHAINSPTY. LIMITEDSenior Officers. Australian Sea Cadet CorpsNEW SOUTH WALES: Staff Office Cadets. H.M.A.S.Watson. Watsons Bay. N.S.W.. 2030.QUEENSLAND: C/- 39 Pinecroft Street. Camp Hill.Queensland. 4152.WESTERN AUSTRALIA: C;- 182 Coode St.. Como. 6152.SOUTH AUSTRALIA: C- Box 1529M. G.P.O.. Adelaide.5001.VICTORIA: C/-Melbourne. 3000Room 6. 2nd Floor. 528 Collins St..AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL TERRITORYNational Circuit. Barton. 2600.NORTHERN TERRITORY: Mrs. V.Street. Fannie Bay. 5790.MIndustry House.Slide. 12 AllenWho are Proud to be Associated with theROYAL AUSTRALIAN NAVYin their Works ProgrammesTO: The Senior Officer.Australian Sea Cadet CorpsI am interested in joining the Australian Sea Cadet Corps and would bepleased to receive further information.Suppliers of...• MOORING CHAINS AND BPIDLESNAMEFor Further Information Write to .STREETSUBURBMR. A. ROBERTSONSTATE OR TERRITORYPOST COPEFALKINER CHAINS PTY. LTD.PHONE No.(Please Print Clearly)AGEPlease address your envelope to the Senior Officer in your State or Territory—see list of addresses aboveTHE NAVY Augutt-Soptombor-Octobor, 197]THYNNE ROAD, MORNINGSIDE, BRISBANE99-1122 PHONE 99-1122IT.nlM d publish..] b, Pm.il , „ p., | ,,„ H ~ „ „ 'Ud 108 Henderioti Hi«d Alexandria N S » phone with permiUKtfyrf

All ships make voyages.This one makes Australian history.This is the control room on board one of the six containerships in the OCL Through Transport fleet. Each capable of carrying1,500 'boxes' of cargo, these ships are part of the ultra-modernsystem that uses road, rail and sea transport to deliver door-to-doorcargo between Australia and the United Kingdom/Europe.The OCL through transport system is making Australia internationallymore and more competitive. It is boosting the Australian economy.It has revolutionized traditional handling methods with greaterspeed, greater safety, and regularity of service.It is making Australian history.• Lthe way aheadCONTAINER TRANSPORT SYSTEMOVERSEAS CONTAINERS AUSTRALIA PTY. LIMITED, HEAD OFFICE 38 BRIDGE STREET, SYDNEY.TELEPHONE: 2 0575 MELBOURNE 67 9901 BRISBANE 31 0471 ADELAIDE 4 1471 FREMANTLE 5 512222746 OCL18.86

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BY COURTESY OF. . .BURNS, PHILP &CO. LTD.WHO ARE PROUD OFTHEIR ASSOCIATION WITHTHE ROYAL AUSTRALIANNAVYf£7 BRIDGE STREET, SYDNEYPhone: 2 0547THI NAVY.The magazine of the Navy League of AustraliaRegistered for posting as a periodical — Category AVol. 33 November-December-January, 1971-1972 No. 4CONTENTSPagePaceHydrographer's Course 3 Defence Report, 1971 32R«owy Bid For H.nry VIII Warship 7Periscope on Australia 9Navy Day, 1971 — Sydney 17U-boat Surrendered to R.A.F 20Nostalgic Memories 23Ideal Christmas Gift 25Aircraft from Britain 27Plus sundry stories oiW photograph*Notice of Change of Address 41Book Review 43One-Ship Task Force 45Membership Application 49New Cookery Manual 51Naval Cadet Force News 59The views expressed in articles appearing in this publication are those of the authors concernedThevdo not necessarily represent the views of the editor. Ihe Navy League, or official opinions or policvPublishod by th. Navy Laogv. ol Australia, Box 1719 G.P.O., Sydney, N.S.W., 2001; Tel.: 241100*All Correspondent, should be directed lo Ihe EditorEDITOR: Dennis P. Trkk.lt, Esq., Box CI 78 Clarence Stroot Pott Office, Sydney. N.S.W., 2000, Australia.ADVERTISING AND PUBLICATION: PCRdVAl PUBLISHING CO. PTY. LTD.SYDNEY MELBOURNE ADELAIDE BRISBANE PERTH HOBART1M Henderson Hd Greenan Publications 17 Ctime Si S46Wue«nSl U SI GrorKc s Tc* ISI Collins SiAlexandria 201S Pi* Lid Adelaide Moo Brisbane 4000 Perlh 6000 Hobart ;OCOPhone 6K-rt.ll 374 Llllle Collins St Phone SI-622S Phone 312511 Phone 23-20.11 Phone 23-7:12Phone d DivisionPatron: His Excellency. The Governorof QueenslandChairman: Surgeon Commander A. H.Robertson. RAN V.RHoe. Secretary: Colonel P. V. O.Fleming. E.D.. 39 Pinccroft Street.Camp H ill. Queensland. 4152.Australian Capital Territory DivisionChairman: Commander J B Howse.V.R D R A.N.V.R.Hon Secretary: Commander D MBlake V.R D . RAN V R 60 LimestoneAve Ainslie. 2602Northern Territory DivisionPatron: His Honour the AdministratorChairman: l.ieul Cmdr J J Ravenscroft.VR D . R AN V RHon Secrelary: Mrs V M Slide 12Allen Street . Fannie Bav. N T 5790AUSTRALIAN SEA CADET COUNCILNavy Uogu.:Commander J B Howse V R DR.A.N.V.RA Representative from each NavvLeague Division, alsii —Smith Australian DivisionPatron: His Excellency . The Governorof South AustraliaChairman: T Francis Matters EsqHon. Secretary: Miss Penny WardleBox 1529M.G PO . Adelaide 5001Tatmanion DivisionPatron: Vice Admiral Sir Guv WvattKB E C BHoa. Secretary: K M I'hr Hcnrv EsqWestern Australian DivitianPatron: His Excellency. TheGovernor ol Western AustraliaChairman: Roland Smith. EsqHon. Secretary: R A Hannah Esq182 Coode Street Como 6152SC.Cdr I. E FiirsvtheLieut Cmdr F G Evans MBE.V R D R AN V RHoa. Secretary: Lt Cmdr A AAndrews. M BE R A N iRetdiPrinted and published by Pereival Publishing Co Pty Ltd . 108 Henderson Road. Alexandria. N S Wthe Navy League of Australiaphone f W 2W» with permission ofNoveml er-December-January, 1971/72THE NAVY

A. Lewis & Co.Pty. Ltd.Timber & HardwareMerchantsCNR. JASPER ROAD &LEWIS STREETORMOND, VIC.Phone:58 1155; 58 5916After Hours:58 8161Hydrographer'sCourseAustralia to shouldering responsibility for charting oneseventh of the world's sea area.To replace charts which date backas far as the era of Matthew Flinders,the Royal Australian Navy's hydrographicschool is maintaining astrong training programmeThe school was established inMarch 1966. to train sailors for thesurvey recorder branch of the R.A.N.In 1967. the syllabus was widened toalso train officers.Before the opening of the school,all hydrographic training wasconducted by ships at sea.Although this system worked wellfor the branch since its inception in1920. it was a time-consuming taskon a ship where emphasis wasplaced on progressing surveys andcollecting oceanographic data.With the introduction of new shipsdesigned and built specifically forthe hydrographic/oceanographicrole, it became apparent that aseparate training organisation wasrequired and the present HydrographicSchool was established.In its first five years of operation.102 students have graduated.Included in this number are 20Malaysian and Indonesian studentstrained as part of Australia's policyof assisting South East Asianneighbours.During 1971. the school hasstrived to hold two classes for ableseaman survey recorder, one forpetty officer survey recorders andtwo officer courses. Additionally, twoshort refresher courses, one for theleading seaman survey recorder andthe second for R.A.N, reserveofficers, are planned.The Hydrographic School staffconsists of two permanent and threepart-time instructors. The Officer incharge of the school is Lieutenant-Commander D. M. Davidson,R.A.N.. who has held the positionsince December 1970.He joined the R.A.N. College as acadet in 1951. graduating in 1954.After further training with the RoyalNavy and general service in H.M.A.Ships Melbourne and Quadrant, hejoined the Hydrographic Service in1961 and served in H.M.A. SurveyingShips Warrego, Barcoo, Moresby andPaluma charting the waters off allAustralian States and New Guinea.The senior instructor is Chief PettyOfficer Survey Recorder DavidWarning. He joined the R.A.N, in 1945t the R.A.N.'s hydrographyschool in Sydney is training in the UM of atheodolite to accurately measure distances. LLCmdr. Davidson, officer-in-charge of the school ispictured instructing junior officers.and became a survey recorder in1953. He has served in all eightsurvey ships and tenders which haveoperated since then.He assisted with the opening of theschool and is spending his third tourof duty on the staff.Graduates of the HydrographicSchool fall into two main categoriesOfficers of theJtoyaHMwtrajlw Nary undergojngfralnlng at the Hydrographic School in Sydney.Pag. TwoTHE NAVYNovember-December-Jin u»ry.November-December-January, 1971/72THE NAVYPage Three

MrrCHELLU«MYp i v a l cereals with great flavourcanmake'emPace Four THE NAVY November-December-January, 1971/72HYDROGRAPHtRSCOURSE— the survey officers who areexpected to carry out oceanographictasks with little or nosupervision, and the surveyrecorders who initially assist theofficers and later, as seniorrecorders. shoulder moreresponsibility.The term oceanography covers amultitude of fields connected withthe ocean including its physicaldimensions and properties, itschemical composition, biology,meteorology and geologicalproperties.The detailed study of all thesesections, many of them scientificallynew. is beyond the scope of oneman. But the officer's course in 5months endeavours to cover asmany of these subjects as possibleso that students can select somefacet to study further.Additionally, as the HydrographicService of the R.A.N, is the primarycharting authority for the waters ofAustralia. New Guinea and southernareas of the Pacific Ocean, emphasisis placed on the teaching of hydrographicsurveying at the school.The final product of the hydrographicsurvey is the published chartwhich goes on sale to internationalship owners and to a public withinterests such as yachting, fishing,skin diving or quiet Sunday boating.The hydrographic surveyor mustbe capable of producing a contouredpicture of the sea bed. delineatingthe coast line, accurately fixing theposition of submerged rocks andreefs — especially those dangerousto navigation. He must recogniseand chart all topographic featureswhich may help a mariner determinehis position.He must also understand tidaltheory and be able to analyse andpredict heights, and the times ofhigh and low waters.He must record tidal stream andocean currents. The survey must beaccurately located on the earth'ssurface and the true meridian (northpoint) determined by astronomicalobservations of extreme precision.While a chart probably exists of anarea, it could be based on a surveyundertaken more than 100 years agoby surveyors undersail using aweight on a marked line todetermine the depth.For all their painstaking care andlong hours of work, surveyors ofbygone days could not survey aseffectively or as accurately as is nowpossible with electronic echosounders, radio fixing systems andmechanical propulsion.The survey recorder has beendefined as a man among men and asailor among sailors. He is expectedto work long hours in the field oftenunder difficult and trying conditions.He may be a member of asounding boat's crew detached fromthe parent ship for extended periods,or based in a shore camp on aremote coral island operatingmodern electronic position-fixingequipment so that the survey ship— possibly 200 miles away — canaccurately and continuouslydetermine her position.To "The Navy",SUBSCRIPTION FORMBox C178, Clarence Street Post Olflce,Sydney. N.S.W., 2M0. AustraliaAlternatively, heof that ship's sur ey telin the collection o informsto advance scienti c knowlj^j^This could laU a i H j "observations, the measurement otthe intensity of the earth's magneticfield, characteristics of sea water atvarious depths, cores and dredgesamples of the bottom of the sea andplankton hauls.It is the business of the HydrographicSchool to ensure that themen conducting these tasks do sowith the professionalism expectedby other world oceanographicauthorities.It may be said that the marinerplaces boundless confidence in thepublished chart and almostinvariably assumes that, where nodangers are shown, none in factexist.It is the surveyor's business to seethat this trust is not misplaced.I eadoie SI JO being '

INSTANT BOILING WATERAlways Available with aWHELAN ELECTRIC AUTOMATICBOILING WATER UNITEconomical Clean Safe Efficientin All Sizes from 1 Vi gals, to 100 gals.Suitable for all Requirements from Small Motels to LargeIndustrial Canteens(Reprinted wth permission trom "Yachting and Boating". April. 1971.)Recovery Bid for. . .HENRY VIII WARSHIPDiving will start next month (May) in a bid to recover one of Henry Vlll'sfinest ships which sank in the Solent while putting out to fight the French.She is the Mary Rose, lying a mileoff the Portsmouth Coast Built atPortsmouth in 1536. she was thefirst warship to have completebatteries of siege guns as mainarmament instead of an infantrybattalion The ship was re built atPortsmouth in 1536. but was sunkby accident during the Battle ofPortsmouthBetween 1545 and 1549 salvageoperations failed although someitems of gear were removedA few guns from the Mary Rosewere brought up in 1842 by diversblowing up the wreck of the RoyalGeorge After this, the position of theMary Rose was lostmOiN£EBut evidence proving the positionof the Mary Rose came a few yearsago when an 8 ft long iron gun.identical to the guns taken from thewreck in 1842 and now in SouthseaCastle, was found.The discovery was the result offour years of research by a team ofarchaeologists headed by MrAlexander McKee. a naval historianMr McKee. who had been trying tofind the site of the ship for 25 yearscame across an old chart whichmarked her position.The site of the wreck wasexamined using sonar techniquesand the Mary Rose (1967)Association formed. Portsmouthfire brigade lent pumps, the localbrewery helped out with funds forelectronic equipment and severalunderwater clubs gave theirservices.Diving on the ship last yearfinished with the coming of winter,and Mr. McKee spent the free timelooking for further funds.Timbers from the wreck have beenbrought to the surface and a cannonfound had a cannon ball inside. It isthought the Mary Rose was about tofire a broadside before she sank,because traces of gunpowder werealso found in the weaponThe wreck is not just of interest tohistorians and archaeologists. Thecorpse of a little ship worm, the NototeredoNorvagica. found in the firstpiece of wood raised by diversshowed that there were thousands ofsimilar worms in the ship'swoodwork, making it a find formarine biologists.The species of worm was notthought to have existed at the timeof the Mary Rose in the 1550 s. Atheory is that the ship might havebeen seriously affected by ship wormat the time she went down.CONTRIBUTIONS INVITEDLaurie Whelan IndustriesPty. Ltd.24 CARINISH ROAD, CLAYTON. 3168 VIC.Telephone: 544 7544The editor invtes persons to submit cuticles photographs and drawingsblack ink for inclusion in the magazine but regrets that no payment can be madefor contributions submitted Contributions should be addressed The Editor TheNavy Box CI 78 Clarence Street Post Office Sydney NSW 2000 AustraliaThe Edito* does not hold himself responsible for manuscripts though everyeffort will be made *o return these with which ci stamped and addressed envelope isenclosedOUR COVERAnartist'sdrawing of the United States Navy's DD-963 class destroyer. These innovative andhighly automated vessels will have complex weapon systems incorporating missiles, rocketassistedtorpedoes, electronic warfare equipment, automated gunfire control equipment, multipurposehelicopters and a wide range of ship support systems. Anti-submarine warfare is theprimary mission of the new vessels but they will also be 3ble to carry out gunfire missions insupport of amphibious assault and land forces.The DD-963s were designed by Litton Industries' Ingalls West division, an advanced marinetechnology centre at El Segundo. California. The ships will be mass-produced in the division'snew mechanised ship manufacturing facility at Pascagoula. Mississippi. The new ship productionplant, the most advanced in the world, will manufacture the destroyers on an assembly line,using modular building techniques.Page SixTHE NAVYNovamber-December-January,itovember-December-January, 1971/72 THE NAVY Page Seven

Periscope on Australiahif CjronimelSkippy Corn Flakeswill keepyou hopping!GOLDIE REEF — RESTIN PEACEThe hydrographic survey ship.H M A S Moresby (Commander E RWhitmore. RAN — pictured)returned to Sydney earlier this yearafter laying to rest a north Queenslandghost reef that has plaguedmariners since 1793.The first report of the phantomGoldie Reef was noted in 1793 andhas been on and off the charts eversince.During an extensive and completesurvey of the Great North EastChannel area of the Great BarrierReef. Moresby found no sign ofGoldie ReefThe simulator is designed to trainthe submarine command team andcrew in tactics and operations, andthe various degrees of training to bemade available in the simulatorsystem will range from elementaryoperator training to complex tacticalexercises involving a number oftarget and escort vessels.Realistic simulations of sonar,radar, periscope fire control andnavigation systems will be provided.The system 30/40 C R T displayswill form part of the extensiveinstructor facilities, and a digitalrecording system will enable trainingA particular feature of the trainerto be supplied to the R.A.N, is thesimulation of the view through theattack periscope of the submarineExcellent realism is provided byusing television techniques andsmall models of the target shipswhich appear correctly positioned inthe periscope's field of view inrelation to bearing, waterlineelevation, angle-on-the-bow. rangeand speed under the control of theArgus 500 computerHAWKER SIDDELEY 748With the purchase of two aircraftfor the Royal Australian Navy, worldwidesales of the Hawker Siddeley748 now total 250 aircraft Selectedby 49 operators in 32 countries, theHS 748 is currently Britain's topsellingcivil aircraftThe two 748s. costing approximately2 million pounds, arescheduled for delivery in early 1973(see photo): they will be used fornaval aircrew training, fleet trainingand systems trials, including trials ofthe Ikara weapon. The HS 748s will inparticular be used to exercise shipsin electronic warfarePowered by Rolls Royce Dart R Daengines, the aircraft may be used toCommander E. R. Whitmore. commanding exercises to be relayed in part orofficer Of H.M.A.S MORESBYfully, as required.transport equipment and personnel(seating for 20 passengers can beinstalled), such as maintenanceteams, on occasions, for example,when another aircraft is forced downand requires repair or maintenanceon-the-spot. Galley facilities will alsobe fitted.Since entering service in 1962. theversatile 748 has won for itself anenviable reputation for reliability. Ithas now completed over one millionlandings, logged over one millionflying hours and carried more than20 million passengersOne of Two Hawker Siddeley HS 748* scheduled for delivery to the R.A.N during 1973.SANITARIUMwthe people who believe foodshould not only taste goodit should be good for you.SAN784SUBMARINE SIMULATORThe Electronic and display equipmentdivision of Ferranti Ltd.. hasbeen awarded a contract valued at$2,357,190 for the development andmanufacture of a submarinecommand team trainer to besupplied to the R.A.NThe trainer will simulate characteristicsof submarine manoeuvresand will incorporate a FerrantiArgus 500 digital computer with adisc file system. The new equipmentwill use system 30/40 graphicalcathode ray tube displays.Page EightTHE NAVYNovember-December-January, 1971/72

Sponsored byWAYNE (A'ASIA)Pty. Ltd.The World's Largest Producers of Power Sweepers forCommerce and Industry67 LEVANSWELL ROADMOORABBIN, VIC.Phones: 95 5392, 95 7035PERISCOPEAUSTRALIAONU.S. ARMED FORCESSTAFF COLLEGECommander B H Wilson. RAN isattending the 50th course ol theUnited States Armed Forces StattCollege at Norfolk. Virginia, from 16August. 1971 to 21 January. 1972.At the conclusion of the course.Commander Wilson will take up theappointment of Assistant NavalAttache. Washington.HAWAIIAN EXERCISE — RIMPACFive ships ol the R.A.N and FleetAir Arm aircraft participated in ananti-submarine warfare exercise inthe Hawaiian area from 8-20November. 1971.Australia's contribution to theexercise included four R.A.A.F.Or Ions and H.M.A. Ships Melbourne,Hobart, Torrent, Yarra and Onslow.The Australian forces werecommanded by Rear Admiral W J.Dovers. Flag Officer Commandingthe Australian FleetNAVY MAY BUYFRENCH HELICOPTERSThe R A N. may buy the 195 m.p.h.French Super Freion SE 3200 heavyhelicopter.Talks between an Australian armsbuying mission and the Frenchmanufacturers. Aerospatiale, havebegun.French hoUeoptor Super Freion SE 3 200 currently betaf ovoluoted toe poeUMo porcheee br theThe deal would cover between 15 ADDITIONAL OBERON SUBMARINESand 20 helicopters.The R.A.N, has accepted the tenderAn Aerospatiale spokesman said of Scott's Shipbuilding Co. Ltd..this might be only a first order Greenock. Scotland, for theThe anti-submarine equipment construction ol two Oberon classincludes a sonar buoy and a doppler submarines at a cost of $23,266,000.radar navigation system connected and a proiect cost of $48,000,000to a computerApart from construction, this sumSophisticated localisation and dataoutfitting equipmentW,M mcludetransmission equipment are also and seru,ces ,0 ** P'ovided by theincluded Ministry of Defence U.K. and the3The Super Freion has three 150 f " j * ^shore facilities including a slaveh.p. Turbomeca turbines, a_ _ j • toe l. ^ dock and service housingmaximum speed of 195 m.p.h. and acruising speed of 146 m.p.hRange is three hours andminutes.An erflet'. Impcoe.lon ol ttio proposed DM.. Th. no. deetroror fof th. «JU«. e«l hme M|h (pood. Half enduronco end «W bepropelled by | n turbines.20DESTROYER DESIGNPRESENTEDThe preliminary design ol theThe Super Freion. flown by the proposed destroyer. DDL. wasFrench Navy, has two pilots, one handed over on Monday. 27mechanic and one flight electrician- September. 1971. at Navy Office,announcer and an electrician for Canberra, to the Third Navaloperating the radar Member. Rear Admiral B J CastlesThe Aerospatiale spokesman said Mr E. B Good. Managing Director olthe Super Freion was facing tough YARD (Aust.) Pty Ltd . presented thecompetition from the American design documents and a model olSikorsky 61 and the Chinook 47 the proposed warship.54 VIOLET STREET, REVESBYSYDNEY, N.S.W.Phone: 77 3046THE NAVY Novambar-Decwnber-January, 1971/7*

A Close Liaison, the Navyand . . .DepartmentRUSLIT ENGINEERINGINDUSTRIESWho are Proud to be Associatedwith the Navy Department* Contractors to the R.A.N.FOR FURTHER PARTICULARSRUSLIT ENGINEERINGINDUSTRIES195 Parramatta Road,Auburn, N.S.W.648-0591 Phone 648-0591PERISCOPE ONAUSTRALIAThe proposed destroyer will beabout 4.000 tons, powered by gasturbines and capable of long rangeoperations.H.M.A.S. SYDNEY DELIVERSSKYHAWKSOn Thursday. 12 August. 1971.H.M.A.S Sydney began unloadingaircraft after anchoring in JervisBay. at the end of a 17.000 milesvoyage.The fast transport put ashore 10Skyhawk fighter bombers for theFleet Air Arm. The aircraft werepurchased from the U.S. and willbring to 20 the total number ofSkyhawks on the R.A.N.'s inventory.H.M.A.S. Sydney loaded theSkyhawks in San Diego. Californiaduring her logistic and trainingvoyage which began on 15 June.1971The former aircraft carrier andpast flagship of the Australian Fleetvisited Honolulu. San Francisco.Fsquimalt and Vancouver duringthe voyage.Her crew included large numbersof young seamen and midshipmenunder training. For many of hercrew, it was their first overseas visit.Shore leave was given in all the portsvisited and many of the crew wereinvited into American and Canadianhomes.The Skyhawks were unloaded intolighters at Jervis Bay. andtransported overland to the Naval AirStation. H.M.A.S. Albatross, Nowra.New South Wales.It is anticipated that the aircraftwill enter service in January. 1972.H.MJLS. SYDNEY fire* a talutetoward* Treature itiand NavalStation. Immediately behind her.partly obecured. I* AicatrazIsland; the Ootden Gate bridfe canbe teen In the background.(Photograph by courtesy of MrJoseph D. Fama. a United StatesNaval Journalist.)IThe transport H.M.A.S. SYDNEY uKi under tha Golden Cat* bridge at San Francltco At San Dtago,•ha am bar* ad 10 Skyhawk* for tha F M Air Arm.>In San FrancHco Bay. H.M.A.S. SYDNEY It welcomed by a helicopter of the United State* MarineCorp*. In the foreground can be teen one of SYDNEY * boats and a U.S.N. Gemini dinf hy.(Photograph by courtesy ol Mr Joseph 0. Fama. a United States Naval Journalist.)PlM TwelveTHE NAVY Nommbar-OKwnlMr-JaniMry, 1971/72

"• -T" r| mtPERISCOPEAUSTRALIAONCompliments from . . .POLAR BEAR REFRIGERATIONandAIR CONDITIONINGManufacturers of:Commercial Refrigeration, Cabinets,Cool Rooms and Air Conditioning17 NEVILLE STREET, ALBERT PARK, VIC.81 VICTORIA STREET, ALBERT PARK, VIC.Phones: 69 3625; 69 5512ROYAL COLLEGE OFDEFENCE STUDIES(Formerly The Imperial Defence| College)A party from the British RoyalCollege of Defence Studiescommenced a tour in Australia on 15September.The party of 13. led by Brigadier WD Mangham. included senior serviceand civil service officers fromBritain. Pakistan. Italy and theUnited States.The visitors called on industrialcentres in Western Australia, thenproceeded to inspect scientificcentres in the A.C.T. and industrialand scientific centres in New SouthWales. The group departed Sydneyfor New Zealand on 25 September.The College trains selectedmembers of the armed forces andcivil services in the broadest aspectof strategy and also studiesorganisation and direction of theresources of the Commonwealth,for war.Six Australian — four Sen.orservice and two civilian officers havebeen selected to attend the 1972course at the Royal College ofDefence Studies in the UnitedKingdom.Personnel selected include —Captain M P Reed. R.A.N.. BrigadierB. A McDonald. O.B.E . M.C.. GroupCaptain F. W. Barnes. D.F.C.. A.F.C..Group Captain S. D Evans. D.S.O..A.F.C.. Mr P M Twiss (Departmentof Supply) and Mr. D. J. Moore (TheTreasury).NAVY STRAIGHT SHOOTERSecond Officer Elizabeth Cronin.Assistant Signals CommunicationsOfficer at H.M.A.S. Albatross, takesaim during a pistol shoot.In January. 1969. she made Navyhistory by moving into a traditionalman's world by flying in a NavySkyhawk jet fighter, at faster thanthe speed of sound.On* of tha now Skyhawk Jat aircraft being ferried athort at JervH Bay aaboard H.M.A.S. SYDNEYSocond Officer Elizabeth Cronin. W.*.A.N.$ take* aim during a ptatot thootEDITOR'S NOTEIn the article entitled "The Turana Target Drone System" whichappeared in the previous edition of this magazine. It was not clearlystated that TURANA was conceived and designed at the GovernmentAircraft Factories which are controlled by the Department of Supply.I draw attention to this anomaly as readers may have galnad tneimpression that TURANA was developed by the Royal Australian Navy.PanFourteenTHE NAVYNovember-Dec ember-January, 1971/72Novembar-Dacembar-January, 1971/72THE NAVY

This Page Sponsored byLEIGHTON CONTRACTORSPTY. LTD.BUILDING & CIVIL ENGINEERING CONTRACTORSMELBOURNE OFFICE:6 CLAREMONT STREETSOUTH YARRAPhone: 24 6531MOTHER BRANCHES AT:SYDNEY—CANBERRA-BRISBANEPERTHNAVY DAY, 1971 -Dedication, Key to ChristianityChristianity provided the correctand complete outlook on thevocation of the sailor, the Most Rev.E. F. Kelly, Auxiliary Bishop to theRoman Catholic Archdiocese ofSydney, said.Speaking at the Navy Weekecumenical service at the GardenIsland Dockyard Church. BishopKelly said the attitude of Christ to hisfellow man revealed what was meantto be the fundamental attitude of thesailor — the spirit of disciplined anddedicated service."The spirit of the sailor is meant tobe a similar spirit of the service ...personal, disciplined, maturing,exemplary, unselfish, courageousservice." he said."It is a personal service whichstems from the man or womanconcerned. It is their sincereSYDNEYSUNDAY, 10 OCTOBERpersonal choice. It is meant to-be aconvinced choice which says in fact:'This is the best way of life for me'."It is a disciplined service implyingthe genuine recognition of authority,unquestioning obedience, physicalendurance, the observance ofregulations which are formulated forthe common good, sometimes at theexpense of individual freedom."PMI SixteenTHE NAVV November-December-January, 1971/72Novembor-Docember-January, 1971/72THE NAVY

J. H. KOHNDistributors ofWRAPPINGS—PAPER BAGSTAPES —GARBAGE BAG LINERS*Manufacturers of:STATIONERY —TOILET ROLLSLUNCH WRAPS—PAPER TOWELSSERVIETTES — PENS200 GIPPS STREETABBOTSFORD, VIC.Telephone: 419 2222*SAME DAYSERVICEManufacturers of:SUPERCRAFT & RAINBOWPRODUCTSNAVY WEEK. 1971 —SYDNEYBishop Kelly said, "it is a maturingservice which over the years,through wide and variedexperiences, helps a man come tofull manhood and development ofcharacter"It is an exemplary service throughthe quiet, unostentatious effect ofbeing a real man an ambassadorwherever one goes."It is an unselfish service becausethe life of the sailor demandssacrifice beyond the usual — lonelypatrol boats in the islands to thenorth, home life systematicallydisrupted, the normal and constantrelaxations in the atmosphere ofone's home or one's country setaside."It is a courageous service — thecourage of being loyal to principlesunder strain, of being faithful tomarriage despite long and repeatedabsences: the courage to regulatethe use of alcohol, to abstain fromunlawful sexual pleasure: courage intime of action, in casualty or evendeath "Bishop Kelly said members of aspecialised group trained for thedefence of their country took on ahigher dignity.He said the group was made in"true greatness from the principlesof the Gospel, not from the say.ngsof Mao or Marx."A record 30.000 people crowdedinto Garden Island Naval Dockyardfor the annual open day.The attendance figures mo r e thandoubled those of last year and madeNavy Day 1971 one of the mostsuccessful for the Navy — and hecticfor the public.Traffic banked up on all nearbyroads.Sightseers parked their cars toavoid the traffic and walked to thedockyard.Ferries from Circular Quay.Cremorne Point and Milson's Pointran a non-stop service all afternoonto cater for the crowd.The dockyard was opened forpublic inspection following anecumenical church service in theDockyard Church at 11 a.m.Queues up to 300 yards longformed before the gangplanks of themore popular ships, the fleetflagship. Melbourne, and thesubmarine Owens.The Oberon class submarineOtway, scheduled for inspection, wasclosed to the public because it hadjust returned from rescue operationsof the crew of the ketch One and All.The liferaft used in the rescue ofthe crew of six men and a girl, andpictures of the operation, weredisplayed on deck.Throughout the afternoon torpedorecovery vessels took visitors forcruises around the Harbour.Demonstrations were given tyclearance divers and sea-air rescuedivers.The clearance divers jumped froma moving Iroquois helicopter into aspecial area between the ships, setexplosives charges to buoys, andwere scooped up by a fast-movingrescue vesselA special display this year was thestern section of one of the twoJapanese midget submarines sunkin Sydney Harbour during World WarIIAlthough sections from the twosubmarines are on display at the WarMuseum in Canberra, remains of thesubmarines have not been on displayin Sydney since the warAnother historical display was theopening to the public of an area ofGarden Island containing initials ofthree members of the First Fleetcarved in stoneIM MWtfIR.6ut,WoT,-mtfM£, CANSTOP, tAjS PORTarchJfrom fo/ng-ftOMh a CMltui THE NAVY November-December-January. 1971/72Nor.mbarDacambf- January. 1971/72THE NAVYPag. Nineteen

U-BoatSurrendereeTo R.A.F.AircraftBy JACK MILLAR |Th« German U Boat (U-570) hiving beenstraddled In tha Atlantic. 80 mile« »ooth ofIceland by 4 depth charge* containing Torpex.ferried the crew by cartey float to captivity.On 8 September, thirty years ago, the Admiralty announced that aGerman U-boat had been attacked In the Atlantic by a Hudson aircraft and| forced to surrender. Behind that announcement lies one of the most amazingexploits of the war — a story which thrilled the world.It began on the morning of 27 all the time keeping a good air andAugust. 1941. when Squadron sea lookout for the enemyLeader James Thompson and hisSITTING DUCKcrew, of Coastal Command's 269Squadron took off from Iceland intheir Lockheed Hudson aircraft "Sfor Sugar' Destination: that portionof the vast Atlantic assigned them.Objective: to seek out and attack U-boats. of which many were reportedin the area.The weather was typical of theAtlantic, cold and bleak, with rainsqualls and winds approaching galeforce.Secured beneath the plane werefour lethal depth charges, eachcontaining 250 lb. of the newexplosive Torpex. ready for instantrelease.In the plane the crew busiedthemselves with their various duties.Suddenly, the dream of every pilotwas sighted dead ahead — a nice bigjuicy U-boat coming to the surface.Thompson's crew, keyed to feverpitch, watched breathlessly as he put"S for Sugar'' into a shallow dive forthe attack.Bomb doors were opened, andwhen dead on target the order todrop was given. Four depth chargeshurtled down on the unsuspectingsubmarine. It was a perfect stradole.two exploding close to the pressurehull on either side, the gigantic wallof water temporarily blotting out theU-boatAboard the U-570. for such shewas. all was chaos, the submarinebeing almost turned upside down bythe blast. All lighting systems wereblown, broken glass and instrumentsscattered everywhere, and the crewtumbled into all manner ot oddplaces, suffering many injuries.ALL ON DECKHer commander. Kapitan-leutenantHans Rahmlow. wonderingwhat had hit them. andremembering the effects of deadlychlorine gas. had but one thought, toget the crew on deck as quickly aspossible from what he felt was asinking submarine.Opening the conning tower hatchhe ordered "All out!"In the air the crew of the Hudsonwere ready, spraying the conningtower with machine-gun fire toprevent manning of the 3.5 Run onU-BOAT SURRENDERED TO R A F PLANEthe fore-deck. After the fourthstrafing, the Germans, still groggyfrom the terrible pounding received,had taken all they could stand, andRahmlow exhibited a white flag as atoken of surrenderA quick check by key personnelbelow informed Rahmlow that thesubmarine was badly damaged,whereupon he ordered all wirelessequipment to be smashedPLANE IN LUCKTo those in "S for Sugar" thesurrender v«as a staggering piece ofluck beyond their wildest dreams.Immediate signals were despatchedgiving the sub's position and askingthe navy to take over. By morse theU-570 was told to get all hands ondeck, keeping well away from thegun under threat of being bombedout of the water.Jubilation ashore was followed byswift action as planes and ships weredirected to the scene. Thompsonmaintained his vigil until reliefplanes arrived, when with low fueltanks and the weather worsening, heheaded for base and a tumultuouswelcome from 269 Squadron.To Thompson and his navigator,the award of the D.F.C. was a fittingclimax to the most astoundingsurrender of all time. Several hourslater, during the evening, navalvessels reached the U-boat,wallowing helplessly in mountainousseas.U-570's captain was warned not toscuttle, being told no crew would berescued if he did.THE RESCUEGale force weather prevented anyrescue attempts till the afternoon ofthe following day. when by expertseamanship a carley float was gotacross the heaving ocean, and theGermans, injured first, a few at atime, were ferried to captivity.U-570 was taken in tow to Iceland,where surprised naval officers foundthat damage was not nearly as badas Rahmlow had first imagined.The colossal capture was quicklyturned to good effect, and when U-570 was taken to England, navalintelligence went over the sub with afine-tooth comb, and many secretsof German torpedoes and submarineequipment, hithertounknown to the navy, were revealedfor the first time.The aftermath of U-570s capture,fitting her out as the British submarineH.M.S. Graph — is anotherstory. Suffice here to say that whileon patrol in the Bay of Biscay shetorpedoed and sank one of her kind— another U-boat.The capture of U-570s crew was tohave a strange sequel. In a Germannaval officers' prisoner-of-war campin England her officers faced aprisoner council-of-honour — thecharge, cowardice in the face of theenemy.Senior officer of the camp wasOtto Kretschmer. one of Germany'sU-boat aces, who was in command ofU-99 when sunk by Royal navaldestroyers.Kretschmer. a prominent figure intoday's re-born German navy,presided. Each was asked what stepswere taken to escape with U-570. oralternatively, why she was notscuttled to prevent her falling intoenemy hands.FOUND GUILTYAll pleaded they merely obeyedRahmlow's orders. Two were foundnot guilty, but First LieutenantBerndt. as second in command, wasfound guilty. He was told to expect aproper court-martial and the firingsquad when the German Armyoccupied England.In a desperate effort to retrieve hisfallen status. Berndt askedpermission of the council-of-honourto escape in an effort to sink orsabotage his old ship, the U-570.then in an English dockyard port.Permission was granted, all theprisoners helping to engineer theescape. Berndt being supplied withmaps, fake papers and passports.The breakout was successful.However, the alarm was givenshortly after and Berndt recaptured.In a last-ditch chance he made a boltfor nearby woods, and was shotwhen he refused to obey the order tohalt. By the time a doctor arrived hewas dead. Berndt was buried with fullnaval honours.THE CAPTAINIt was then the turn of KapitanHans Rahmlow. who had just arrivedin camp following interrogation inLondon, to face the council-ofhonour.Ignoring Rahmlow's outstretchedhand. Kretschmerinformed him of his "trial" on themorrow.Meantime, he was shunned by theentire camp.The council-of-honour. however,was never held, the British campcommander, realising what was inthe wind, had Rahmlow quietly transferredto a Luftwaffe prisoner-of-warcamp in another part of England.Page TwentyTHE NAVY November-December-January, 1971/72November-Docember- January. 1971/72 THE NAVY Page Twenty-one

This Page Sponsored by:—THOMAS BORTHWICK& SONS«(Australasia ) Ltd.MEAT PACKERS — MEAT WORKS PROPRIETORS —EXPORTERS & WHOLESALERS OF MEAT, HIDES —SKIN — TALLOW — CASINGSIn 1954 the hulk of the steamyacht Alvina was purchased by theLaunceston branch of the NavyLeague for a headquarters andtraining ship for the Launceston UnitT. S. Tamar of the Australian SeaCadet Corps.She was moored at the lower endof Royal Park by kind permission ofthe then Launceston Marine Board.Immobilised and without power, theactivities of the unit began to becentred around her. The unitpossessed two boats — one a 25 footwhale boat from the Marine Board,at least 50 years old. and a 27 footMontague whaler from the Navy.These were tied up alongside theship and the gear stowed aboard. Oldtheatre seats were obtained andused for classroom seating.A boat boom was erected andcadets could then man their boatsvia the boom and jacob's ladder. Afew failed to make the grade!Because of the 'ack of power, nightNostalgic Memoriesparades were held at the nearbyarmy barracks. However, forweekend continuous training,hammock bars were rigged in thefoc's'le and hurricane lamps wereused for light. The galley used woodfuel.The cadets learnt quickly andretained their knowledge. They didnot have to imagine they wereplaying seamen, they were on a ship.The ship rose and fell with the twelvefoot tide, and moved to and fro onthe springs with the tide.On a night by the dim light of thehurricane lamps and with the windwhistling in the rigging, the deckmoving under his feet, it was so easyfor a young cadet of fourteen tothink he was at sea. This feelingstayed with him all his cadet life; hewas a seaman!Slowly the cadets began torefurbish the vessel. A thirty-two voltDC. lighting plant was installed toprovide electric light. The ship wasBy A. J. LEEpainted from bow to stern, theforemast was rerigged.However, money was needed foradditional equipment, but the NavyLeague had faded away. With nomoney work could barely proceed.Vandals added to the task byrepeatedly breaking aboard andcausing destruction with hammers,axes and other implements.With no financial aid the unit couldnot keep up with repairs and the shipstarted to go backwards. Finally in1961 she was sent to the breakers.During her service in the Sea CadetCorps she had served well. At thattime she was the only floating headquartersin Australia, but lack ofpublic support finally sealed her fate.Those of us like the writer whoserved aboard her will alwaysremember those days with pride andnostalgia.60 MARKET STREETMELBOURNETelephone: 62 2921; 62 6661The (team yacht ALVINA which from 1954-1961 was tha headquarters and training ship for the Launceston Unit of the AustralianSea Cadet Corps. T.S. TAMAR.Pag* Twenty-twoTHE NAVY Novembar-Dacembar-January, 1971/72

The IdealChristmas GiftHave regular copies of "The Navy" magazine sent to your friends inAustralia as a Christmas gift. COST, ONLY $1.30 FOR ONE YEAR.LET S CHARTER A COACH FROM McKENZIE'S" —For your next Picnic to the hills or beaches, lake, mountain or Donna Buang" Charter Tours Interstate0 Comfortable Travel0 Modern CoachesPhone or write us for a quote — Our charges are surprisingly lowMcKENZIE'S TOURIST SERVICES53 BARKERS RD., KEW, VIC. (Near KewTram Depot)Telephone: 86-6264. After hours: 288-6079 — 86-8099This Space Sponsored by:OMICRONPty. Ltd.It couldn't be simpler — just complete the form provided below. Theeditor will forward a Christmas card with a copy of the magazine to adviseyour friends that the magazine comes as a gift from YOU.GIFT SUBSCRIPTION FORMTO Tha Editor."Tha Navy" Magazlna,Box C178, Claranca Straat Post Office.SYDNEY. Naw South Walas, 2000, Australia.Please add the names entered hereunder, to the list ot subscribers tor 1972. to "'The Navy"Magazine. I enclose $1 30 for each name entered.Suburb State Postcode.PLASTIC FORMERS & EXTRUDERSCNR. HARPER STREET & DROMANA AVENUEAIRPORT WEST, VIC.Telephone: 338 1777Suburb State PostcodePLEASE PRINT CLEARLYSubscription paid by.PLEASE PRINT YOUR NAME CLEARLYPlease make cheques, postal orders or money orders payable to "The Navy League"Pan Twantv-fourTHE NAVYNovambar-Oacam bar-January,Novambaf-Dacambar-January, 1971/72THE NAVYPi|t Twenty-five

A Close Liaison the Navy Dept. andMACQUARIE WORSTEDS LTD.Who are Proud to be Associated with the Navy Dept. in the Supply of .For All Enquiries» PURE WOOL* WOOL and POLYESTER CLOTH* Contractors to the R.A.N.MACQUARIE WORSTEDS LTD.39 YORK STREET, SYDNEY29 2731 Phone 29 2731AIRCRAFTFROM BRITAINFOR OURSERVICES?Now proved in squadron service with the R.A.F. and on extensive orderfrom the United States Marine Corps, the Hawker Siddeley Harrier, theworld s first V/STOL (vertical short take-off and land) fighter, hasdefinitely passed the experimental stage.Indeed, more and more defenceexperts in almost all countries areproving willing to admit that thedevelopment of the Harrier hasbeen the greatest breakthrough inmilitary aviation since the inventionof the helicopter.Major-General Homer S. Hill.Deputy Chief of Staff (Air). U.S M.C..Tha Hawker Siddeley HARRIER.went further last year when he saidV/STOL aircraft would constitute assignificant an advance to bothmilitary and civil aviation as did theintroduction of the turbine engineThe R.A.F. now has five squadronsof Harriers, three of them inGermany, with their aircraftoperating from dispersed sites andperforming a dual role: tacticalreconnaissance and close support ofground forces. This support isprovided by a variety of weaponswhich the Harrier can carry: bombs,cannon, rockets and napalm, to saynothing of its reconnaissancecameras.In all. the R.A.F. has ordered 90Harriers to operate four squadronsand a training squadron.The R.A.F. uses the short take-offquality of its Harriers in Germany. ItZINCLINEPTY. LTD.SPECIALISTS IN ANTI-CORROSIVE TREATMENTS,BLAST CLEANING, ACID DE-SCALING,PAINTING, METALLISING, GALVANISINGTucks Rd., Seven622-2183Hills.By Ian Fitchett, Defence Correspondent for The Sydney Morning Herald, whois currently touring defence bases in Great Britain.A S. MELBOURNE, flagihlp of the Royal Australian Navy.(THIS ARTICLE IS REPRODUCED BY COURTESY OF THE SYDNEY MORNING HERALD)means that the aircraft have anoperational range of about 200 milescarrying 5.000 lb. of externallycarried weapons in addition to itsAden guns. Vertical take-off means alesser, but still most formidable,performance the R.A.F. claims.INVALUABLEIt has become obvious in recentyears that the Royal Navy regardsanti-submarine warfare as its mainmission in life and the equipping ofR.N. ships with the Harrier is verymuch part of this planning.The Harrier can operate from anyhelicopter deck provided on anynaval vessel, but again its utilisationfor its most effective mode can bedoubled in load-carrying capabilitywith a 200 ft. or 300 ft. take-off run.For this reason, R.N. planners seethe greatest future for the Harrier onits through-deck cruisers now beingdesigned.R.N. planners envisage the Harrieras an invaluable supplement toPag. Twanty-slxTHE NAVYNovambar-Dac.mbar-January,mTwenty-seven

ACROSS THE NATIONFOR INFORMATION:AmalgamatedWireless (A'Asia) Ltd.HEADOFFICE:167 QUEEN STREET, MELBOURNETelephone: 67 9161Service and Spare Parts Division:33 RANKINS ROAD, KENSINGTONTelephone: 33 0421Sponsored by:Provincial TradersPty. Ltd.INDUSTRIAL MARGARINEMEAT MEAL —EDIBLE FATREDBAND —GOLD BANDForsyth Road, Laverton,Vic. 3028Phone: 399 1115; 399 1291AIRCRAFT FROM BRITAINshore-based aircraft to give defenceto vessels at sea in terms of airstrike.but also recognise its abilityto drive off or destroy shadowingenemy aircraft long before shorebasedaid could be called, even if itwere available.The Harrier must be very much inthe minds of Royal Australian Navyplanners, particularly as the aircraftcarrier H.M.A.S Melbourne will bephased out at the end of the presentdecade.At present the R.A.A.F. is definitelynot interested in the Harrier. Itsmajor concern is selecting thereplacement for its four squadronsof Mirage fighters by the end of thedecade and getting the finance fortheir replacements. Nonetheless,there can be little doubt that theAustralian Army will be looking forground support now being given bythe Harrier to British ground forcesin Germany, the more so because ofthe recent decision to cancel theorder for the 11 helicopter gunshipsit had sought.In the light of all this, the attitudeof the U.S. Marine Corps towards theHarrier is of vital interest toAustralian defence planning.The U.S.M.C. will acquire no fewerthan 114 Harriers by 1974. this initself representing a major breakthroughfor the British aircraftindustry into a market which hascome to rely almost exclusively onhome design and production.The Marine Corps does not believethat helicopters have the weaponsdelivery accuracy and survivabilityto take on a defended hard targetand this is why it does not share theU.S. Army's confidence in theCheyenne gunship.Hawker Siddeley know they are ona winner and have been quick intheir response for more and morepower for the aircraft.The original Rolls-Royce BristolPegasus engine had a thrust of about16.000 lb., which gave it far too littlepayload. But the Pegasus 10 enginehas been developed to give a thrustof 20.500 lb. and Pegasus 11 willcarry it to 21.500 lb., allowing theHarrier with an empty weight of12.400 lb., up to 9.000 lb. for fuelA Sea King helicopter armed with four Mk. 44 torpedoes and operating in the A.S.W. role.000 ton British aircraft carrier. H.M.S. ARK ROYAL.and ordnance in the vertical take-offfunction.Sooner or later it seems inevitablethat the R.A.N, will acquire Harriersand it also seems most likely that theArmy will need them in a supportrole, however unwilling the R.A.A.F.might now be to look at them.One thing is certain, by the timeAustralia gets Harriers, the presentspeed of improvement in theirperformance will result in a vastlymore effective V/STOL fighter thanthat in use today.The new British through-deckcruisers of about 20.000 tons willbegin to appear about the time theaircraft-carrier Ark Royal iswithdrawn from service at the end of1978This was revealed in a specialbriefing by Admiral Sir EdwardAshmore. who recently assumedsupreme command of the RoyalNavy the world over.The cruisers were being designedas an anti-submarine force, he said,to augment the present one andwould be equipped with Sea Kinghelicopters.They would also be equipped withthe Harrier, which would supplementthe ability of shore-based aircraft togive the fleet defence in terms of airstrike.His reference to the Sea Kinghelicopters is of more than passinginterest as the R.A.N, must shortlyseek a replacement for its Wessexhelicopters, which operate fromT

\ Satisfactory Connection The NAVY DtPT. andHamworthy EngineeringAust. Pty. Ltd.AIRCRAFTFROMBRITAINSuppliers i>l• I'l MI'S• COMPRESSORS• II \MWORTHY/WALLSfcND MARINE & INDUSTRIALC OMBt STION 101 I P M I M* I or XII I nquiries* C ontraelors lo the NAVN 1)1 PIMESSRS. G. BOWMER, C. BUDDERY.HAMWORTHY ENGINEERING AUST. PTY. LTD.Best Wishes231A VICTORIA ROAD, GLADESVILLE, N.S.W.896-1248 PHONE 89-0674fromTHOMAS ROBINSON &SON PTY. LTD.Specialising* Woodworkers Engineers23 MARIGOLD STREET REVESBY, N.S.W.•Chain and Chisel Mortiser• Band Mills Resaws 4 — Cutters. Sanders* WoodworkersCONTRACTORS TO THC NAVY DEPARTMENT77-0421 Phone 77-0421H.M.A.S. Melbourne and are nearingthe end of their useful life.The Australian Navy acquired 27 ofthese about 10 years ago and if adecision is made that the Sea King isthe ideal replacement, the cost ofup to 30 of them would be more than$40 million.British defence sources appearconfident that the Australian Governmentwill order the Sea King, a twinenginedhelicopter with a top speedof about 150 knots, an endurance ofmore than five hours and equippedwith radar, sonar and other systemsclaimed to be the best in the world.The manufacturers. Westland Ltd.of Yeovil. England, have recently hadteams of experts in Australia briefingdefence officials on the Sea Kingearlier this year.British defence experts believe thatthe only serious competitor is theFrench Super Freion. now in servicewith the French Navy, which,however, has the disadvantage ofbeing half as big again as the SeaKing and much more expensive thanthe latter's approximate price of$1.5-million.The American Sikorsky, fromwhich the British Sea King has beendeveloped under licence, is also inthe field, but it has different enginesand systems and is not believed to behighly fancied by the R.A.N.The Royal Navy has five Sea KingAn arttet't ImprMtion of th* British through d*ck crutMr (hollcoptar carrtor) now (Ming ooughtfb.converted Leander class frigates, for loud in their praise of the Nimrod.its commando carriers and assaultships and also for Arfc Royal.which has been in service for almosttwo years on continuing surveillanceof the waters from Greenland acrossto the Scandinavian coastline anddown to Portugal, an area of 10million square miles.The Lynx appears to be a successstory for British industry, as inaddition to the R.N. orders there aremore from the British and FrenchArmies, the French Navy and theArgentine Navy.Westland is confident of orders formore than 400 Lynx, which have amaximum speed of 180 m.p.h.. arange of more than 400 miles and anendurance of about four hours.The United States Navy is tipped asa likely purchaser, as no othermanufacturer is producing a directcompetitor to this joint Anglo-French venture.It must come under close study byAustralian defence experts in thenear future. As the design of theAustralian light destroyers nearscompletion, definite helicopterrequirements are a must in finaldesign.Another decision of vitalimportance to Australian defence isthe need to replace the rapidlyaging Neptunes. which are still flyingin the older of the two R.A.A.F.maritime reconnaissance squadrons.The R.A.F. is just completing thereplacement of its old long-rangemaritime reconnaissance Shackletonswith the Hawker Siddeleysquadrons in service, their primary Nimrod. a completely new aircraftrole being search and strike as well based on the Comet, bringing newas vertical replenishment.sophistication to anti-submarineWestland Ltd. is also hopeful of the warfare as the first pure-jet aircraftR.A.N, accepting its Anglo-French developed for this role. The R.A.F.light helicopter, the Lynx.has ordered 38 Nimrods and tookThe Royal Navy has them on order possession of the 24th last week.for its Type 42. Type 21 and Both the R.A.F. and the R.N. areCOMPETITORThe R.A.F. describes the Nimrod asa superb aircraft unequalled by anyother flying and regrets that it willnever have enough of them becauseof the cost factor.The R.A.A.F. knows everythingabout it. several teams of HawkerSiddeley experts from the homefactory have already been inAustralia and will be there again inDecember.In early negotiations, the Nimrodappeared to be at a disadvantagewith its main competitor, the updatedAmerican Orion, because ofthe length of airstrip it needed. Butthis problem has now been solvedand it will be capable of operatingfrom any service airfield on the eastcoast of Australia, that is down to thepresent 8.000 feet capacity ofTownsville.British defence experts will notadmit that any other aircraft atpresent in production can equal theperformance of the Nimrod and itdoes not suffer any comparativeprice disadvantage, although thismust present a huge problem to theAustralian Government.The bill for 12 Nimrods with sparescannot be much less than $150million, but this is roughly theamount it will be to replace theNeptunes. whatever aircraft ischosen.Pas* ThirtyTHE NAVY Novamhar-Decembar-January. 1971November-December-January, 1971/72THE NAVYPage Thirty-one

Text of the Annual Report presented to Parliament by the Ministerfor Defence, The Honourable David Fairbairn, D.F.C., M.P.DEFENCE REPORT 1971The Royal AustralianTHE FLEET1 Aircraft Carrier H MAS Melbourne R21. Flagship3 Guided Missile Destroyers: H M A S Perth DDG38.H.M.A.S Hobart DDG39. H M A S Brisbane DDG41. FirstAustralian Destroyer Squadron3 Daring-class Destroyers: H M.A.S Vampire DD11HMAS Vendetta DD08. H M A S Duchess DD154.Second Australian Destroyer Squadron6 River-class Destroyer Escorts: H M A S Yarra DE45.H M A S Parramatta DE46. H M A S Stuart DE48.H M A S. Derwent DE49. H M A S Swan DE50. H MASTorrens DE53. Third Australian Destroyer Squadron.4 Oberon-class Submarines H M A S Oxley SS57.H M AS Otway SS59. H.M.A.S. Ovans SS70. H M ASOnslow SS60. First Australian Submarine Squadron.4 Coastal Minesweepers HMAS Hawk MSC1139.H M A S Teal (O) MSC1152. HMAS Gull (0) MSC1185H.M.A.S. Ibis (0) MSC1183. First Australian MineCountermeasures Squadron2 Minehunters: H.M.A.S. Curlew MSH1121. H.M.A.S.Snipe MSH110220 Patrol Boats: H M A S Advance PTF83. HMASAssail PTF89. H MAS Attack PTF90. H M A S. BarbettePTF97. H M AS Barricade PTF98. H.M.A.S. BayonetPTF101. HMAS. Aitape* PTF84. HMAS. Ladava*PTF92. H M A S Lae* PTF93. H M A S Madang* PTF94.H M AS Samaral* PTF85 H M AS Aware PTF91.H.M.A.S. Ardent PTF87 HMAS Bombard PTF99H.M.A.S Buccaneer PTF100. H M A S Archer (R) PTF86H.M.A.S. Adroit (R) PTF82, H.M.A.S. Arrow PTF88.H.M.A.S Acute (R) PTF81. H M A S Bandolier (0) PTF95.First Australian Patrol Boat Squadron.•—Papua-New Guinea Division.(R)— Naval Reserve Training.(0)—Operational Reserve.TRAINING SHIPS1 Transport: H.M.A.S Sydney AP214.1 Destroyer: H.M.A.S. Anzac DD59.1 Destroyer Escort: H M A S Queenborough DE57First Australian Training Squadron.SUPPORT SHIPS1 Destroyer Tender: H.M.A.S. Stalwart AD215.1 Oiler: H.M A S Supply A01952 Reserve Training Ships: H.M.A.S. Bass GS247.H.M.A.S. Banks GS244.1 Cargo Ship: H.M.A.S. Jeparlt AFS (temporarily inCommission for Vietnam Service).Page Thirty-twoNavy1 Surveying Ship H M A S Moresby AG5731 Coastal Surveying Ship HMAS Paluma AGSC337.1 Oceanographic Research Ship K M A S DiamantinaAGOR2661 Trials and Oceanographic Ship: H.MA.S KimblaAGOR314FLEET AIR ARMSQUADRONSHT 723: Helicopter aircrew training and pilotcontinuation training. Fleet support and search andrescue duties: Iroquois and Scout helicoptersVC 724 Fixed-wing fighter pilot training and Fleetrequirement flying and trials: Macchi jet trainers. TA4GSkyhawk trainers and A4G SkyhawksHT 725 Anti-submarine helicopter operationaltraining and Fleet requirement duties: Wessex 31Bhelicopter.VF 805: Front-line strike tighter squadron: A4Gskyhawks.VS 816: Front-line fixed wing anti-submarinesquadron: S2E Trackers.HS 817: Front-line helicopter anti-submarinesquadron- Wessex 31B helicoptersVC 851: Training squadron tor pilots, observers andaircrewmen. Twin-engine conversion, communicationand Fleet requirement flying: S2E Trackers and Dakotas.The Royal Australian Navy oI the 1980s began to takeshape during the year 1970-71.Design work, planning studies and works constructionconducted during the period will result in theNavy Skyhawk ftfMirof tha aircraft-carriar MELBOURNE-Ml««ry of a turtha. 10 aircraft h». .ncrMMd tha varaaDEFENCE REPORT 1971development of a new generation of ships and facilitiesto serve the Navy of the future.This development is directed towards meeting theroles of the R.A.N, which are:e To organise, train and equip naval forces, includingnaval aircraft, for timely and sustained combatoperations at sea:to detect and destroy enemy naval forces and seacommerce;to establish and maintain superiority in areas asnecessary for naval operations, including theprotection of sea lines of communication: toconduct naval offensive operations against enemyforces and installations:to conduct naval reconnaissance and surveillance,anti-submarine warfare, the protection of shippingand hydrographic and oceanographic survey:e to provide naval support for land operations:e to provide military sea transport support for theAustralian Services: ande tc provide seaward defence of ports and anchorages.NEW SHIPSThe preliminary design for a light general-purposedestroyer for the R.A.N, was progressed during the year.This will form the basis for the next stage — detaileddesign and development — to complete all the systemsand provide working drawings and specifications.This destroyer will be of about 4.000 tons and will bepowered by gas turbines. Weapons, radar andcommunications equipments have been selected fordesign purposes.Design work is well advanced for a fast combatsupport ship tc be named H.M.A.S. Protector.Construction is expected to begin in May 1972 at anAustralian dockyard.Tenders for the construction of an oceanographic shipare expected to be called in July 1972 and forconstruction to begtrxarly in 1973.This ship is to be named H.M.A.S. Cook. She willreplace the aging frigate H.M.A.S. Diamantina, and hermodern equipment will enable both the quantity andquality of ocean research to be increased substantially.Work on the building of a small hydrographic ship tobe named H.M.A.S. Flinders began at WilliamstownNaval Dockyard in December 1970.Tenders have been called for the construction of twoadditional Oberon-class attack submarines for deliveryin 1975 which will give the submarine squadron six ofthis class.The Oberons are acknowledged as the most effectivediesel electric attack submarines in the world.Being able to operate submerged and independent ofsupport several thousands of miles from base, they arewell equipped to provide the R.A.N, with anti-submarineand anti-surface ship offensive capabilities.A contract has been negotiated for equipment to trainsubmarine command teams ashore i.1 realisticallysimulated conditions. A substantial part of the designand manufacture of this simulator will be undertaken inAustralia.The submarine trainer is in addition to an earlier orderfor a special simulator to provide crews of R.A.N, surfaceships with training in tactics.This simulator will be computer-based and will enableships' crews to be trained under realistic, but controlledconditions.This form of training backs up training at sea. but canbe more effective and economical in that the trainer hasthe ability to pose a greater number of threat incidentsfrom a larger number of ships, submarines and aircraftthan can be assembled at sea in peacetime and is nothampered by such peacetime constraints as merchantshipping, safety regulations and weather.The location of the trainer near the Fleet base is anessential requirement. Among other reasons it willenable officers and sailors who form ships' operationsrooms teams to be trained regularly on highlyspecialised equipment while their ships are in Sydneyfor maintenance.The building to locate the trainer will have a low profileand is designed to blend into the landscape.OPERATIONAL ACTIVITIESVietnamIn May and June 1971 members of the R.A.N.sClearance Diving Team No. 3 and Helicopter FlightVietnam were withdrawn from service in Vietnam.The Clearance Diving Team, which was the first R.A.N,unit to go into service in Vietnam (February 1967)undertook work ashore, in rivers and along the coast toprovide security for shipping as far north as thedemilitarised zone.The R.A.N. Helicopter Flight of 46 officers and sailorswas unique because it was integrated with a 300-mancompany of the United States Army's 135th assaulthelicopter company. During its 3V4 years of operationsNovember-December-January, 1971/72 THE NAVY Page Thirty-three

Autco Engineering Pty. Ltd.SEABRIGHT STREET, NORTH SHOREGEELONG, VIC., 3214Manufacturers of MUFFLER SYSTEMS. BUMPER BARS. FUEL TANKS — PressCapacity 300 Tons. SPOT-SEAM PROJECTION AND WIRE WELDING. ALLTYPES OF CORROSIVE PREVENTION. ZINC PLATING. PHOSPHATE COATING.NICKEL AND CHROME PLATING TO THE HIGHEST POSSIBLE STANDARDPhone: Geelong 7-7254Consult Us with Your Next Glazing ProblemLANSDELL GLASS12-14 AUDREY STREETNORTH COBURG, VIC.Phones: 35-2787 — 35-2876Glazing Contractors — Sheet Glass — Figured Glass — PolishedPlate Glass — Mirrors — Table TopsContractors to Trade and Retail. Aluminium Windows a SpecialityAluminium ShowcasesConsult Us With Your Next Glazing ProblemFree Quotes — No ObligationDEFENCE REPORT 1971in Vietnam, members of the R.A.N. Flight earned sevenD.S.C.s. three D.F.C.s. two M B E s and 21 mentions indispatches.The R.A.N, continued to maintain one fleet unit inVietnam area as part of the United States Navy'sSeventh Fleet until September this year. Since 1967. thiscommitment was undertaken by guided missiledestroyers H.M.A. Ships. Perth, Hobart and Brisbane andthe Daring-class destroyer H.M.A.S Vendetta.By 30 June 1971 the troop transport H.M.A.S Sydneyhad made 20 return passages to Vietnam since mid-1965 carrying troops, vehicles and equipment.Strategic ReserveTwo ships have been deployed- to the BritishCommonwealth Strategic Reserve on a continuing basisduring 1970-71. H M.A Ships Vendetta, Derwent.Parramatta, Swan, Duchess and Yarra served in the areaat various times during the year.It is intended that the R.A.N, will make a contributionto the A.N.Z.U.K. force in the area after the transitionfrom the Commonwealth Strategic Reserve on 31dOctober 1971Exercise Swan LakeIn October and November 1970 the first majormaritime exercise sponsored by the R.A.N, was held inthe Indian Ocean off Western Australia.Named Swan Lake, the exercise was conducted todemonstrate the practicability of deploying ships fromAustralia's east coast and other areas to the WestAustralian area, and to provide tactical, anti-submarine,air operational and weapon training for ships of theR.A.N and R.N. and maritime forces of the R.N.Z.A.F.and R.A.A.F.Ships which took part in the exercise were H.M.A.S.Melbourne, the guided missile destroyer H.M.A.S.Brisbane, the destroyer escort H.M.A.S. Swan, thefrigates H.M. Ships Charybdis, Minerva, Lynx andAshanti, the submarines H.M.S. Finwhale and H.M.A.Ships Oxley and Otway, and the patrol boat H.M.A.S.Acute. They were supported by the fleet oiler H.M.A.S.Supply, the submarine support ship H.M.S. Forth, thedestroyer tender H.M.A.S. Stalwart, and the Royal FleetAuxiliaries Olemeda, Resource and Typhoon.Neptune and Orion anti-submarine aircraft from theR.A.A.F. and R.N.Z.A.F also took part.Exercise Swan Lake was directed by the Flag OfficerCommanding the Australian Fleet.Patrol BoatsTwo patrol boats transferred their base from Sydneyto Cairns in January and a third in February toundertake regular patrols in North Queensland waters.After an investigation into the relative advantages ofTownsville and Cairns as a North Queensland patrolboat base. Cairns was selected because its harbouroffered better protection from cyclones,accommodation was more suitable, an all-weatherpassage through the Barrier Reef was closer and it wasnearer the main areas of operation for pafroj boats.Twenty-nine houses have been purchased in Cairns asmarried accommodation for patrol boats crews andmaintenance personnel.Patrol boat operations continued to be conductedfrom Sydney. Westernport and Darwin, and by thePapua New Gujnea Division of the R.A.N, from ManusIsland.Pag* Thirty-Four THE NAVY Novambar-Dacambar-January,November-December-January, 1971/72THE NAVYPage Thirty-five

COMPLIMENTS OK:Trefoil Book Supplies(Booksellers)* GENERAL and TECHNICAL BOOKSELLERS* CONTRACTORS TO THE ROYAL AUSTRALIAN NAVY* EOR ALL ENQUIRIES369 PENSHURST STREET, CHATSWOOD. 2067Phone: 40 3331A Satisfactory Connection, the Nav\ Department andP.H.P. ENGINEERINGREAR 62 MACPHERSON STREET, WAVERLEY, N.S.W.Who arc Proud to be Associated with the Navy Department in their WorksProgramsSuppliers of:TURN BUCKLES AND RIGGING SCREWSFor All Enquiries. ..MR. L. G. PEARSONPhone: 38 5724DEFENCE REPORT 1971Mine Counter measuresMine countermeasures ships H.M.A. Ships Hawk,Curlew and Snipe conducted minesweeping andminehunting operations in Papua New Guinea watersduring June. Some wartime explosive ordnance wasdestroyed.A Clearance Diving Team visited Papua New Guineafor three months from April 1971. The team helpedclear underwater navigation hazards and blastedpassages through coral reefs to make channels safer forcopra plantation vessels. A channel suitable for use by40.000-ton oil tankers was made in Madang harbour bypartly clearing the wreck of the auxiliary minesweeperH.M.A.S Terka which sank in 1944.At Madang the divers recovered 320 bombs fromwater close to shore and in Lae harbour cleared 533bombs from a dump which was discovered by accidentin June. Some known dumps of wartime explosivesashore were also destroyed.FLEET AIR ARMAdditional SkyhawksTen further Skyhawk fighter bombers, two of themdual seat trainers, have been delivered to increase theR.A.N.s holding of these aircraft to 20. The aircraft willenter squadron service between September 1971 andJanuary 1972.The inclusion of additional Skyhawks will increase thestrike and ground support capability of the Navy'saircraft carrier H.M.A.S. Melbourne and enable the shipto carry up to 14 in a strike carrier configuration.The ability of H.M.A.S. Melbourne to alter the numberof different aircraft types carried while at sea wasdemonstrated at the end of last year during ExerciseSwan Lake off Western Australia when two Skyhawkswere flown non-stop from Nowra to join the carrier offBunbury.The aircraft refuelled from other R.A.N. Skyhawksover South Australia during the flight from the Pacific tothe Indian oceans.Aircraft ContractA contract has been let for the purchase of twoHawker Siddeley 748 aircraft which the R.A.N, expects tobe delivered late next year.These aircraft will be used for Naval aircrew training,fleet training and systems trials, including trials of theAustralian IKARA weapon. The HS748s will in particularbe used to exercise ships in electronic warfare.The Navy's HS748s will have as many commonfeatures as possible with the HS748 navigationaltrainers of the R.A.A.F.. and the R.A.A.F. will providelogistic support for the Navy aircraft.The Navy's two HS748s will replace four Dakotaswhich first flew with the R.A.A.F. during World War II.They are due to be phased out of service next year after30 years' flying.Macchi TrainersSix of 10 Macchi jet trainers for pilot training and fleettraining exercises were delivered by 30 June. Theremaining four are expected to be delivered by the endof 1971.HYDROGRAPHIC AND SCIENTIFIC SERVICESSurveying ServiceThe five-yearly hydrographic conference was heldduring the year and a future survey programme calledHydroscheme '70 was drawn up.The major areas to be surveyed will serve the coaltrade of central Queensland ports, the improvedfacilities at Ceduna and Bunbury. and the bauxite port atPort Warrender in North West Australia.During 1970-71. H.M.A.S. Moresby carried out majorsurveys in the Broome area in the Gulf of Papua. Palumahas worked in North Queensland waters resurveyingTorres Strait for today's deep draught traffic and forstrategic purposes. For the next 12 months, she willcontinue in the northern Great Barrier Reef area.Moresby's next task will be at the eastern end of theGreat Australian Bight and Spencer Gulf.Scientific ServiceThe Naval Scientific Service provides advice to theNavy on many problems associated with ships, weaponsand equipment.Research programmes in the fields of militaryoceanography, underwater acoustics, minecountermeasures and operations research studies wereundertaken by the R.A.N. Research Laboratory. Sydney.The field of research rhto various aspects of antisubmarinewarfare continues to increase in importanceas submarines become quieter, faster and capable ofoperating at greater depths.A number of large maritime exercises are currentlybeing analysed by the Research Laboratory.H.M.A.S. Diamantina performed five oceanographiccruises during 1970-71. Civilian scientists pursuingmarine biological research were carried on three ofthese. H.M.A.S. Klmbla also completed five cruises —four included geophysical studies by C.S.I.R.O. and theUniversity of New South Wales and one allowed marinebiology research by the Australian Museum.PERSONNELManpowerA total of 17.232 personnel were serving in the Navyon 30 June 1971. These included officers and sailors ofthe Permanent Naval Forces. W.R.A.N.S.. the RoyalAustralian Naval Nursing Service, the Papua New GuineaDivision. Naval Dockyard Police, loan personnel andNaval Reserves on full-time service. The officer strengthat 30 June 1971 was 2.128.A Macchi Jet trainer flown by Squadron 724.

DEFENCE REPORT 1971Naval Reserve ForcesAt 30 June 1971 the Naval Reserve Forces had a totalstrength of 6.011 made up as follows:RAN EmergencyReserve(part time).Citizen NavalForces(part time).WRANS Reserve(part time).75 officers 843 sailorsTotal1,333 officers 3.484 sailors> 5.0"4 officers 272 WRANSW.R.A.N.S., R.A.N.N.S.The Women's Royal Australian Naval Service had 31officers and 657 W.R.A.N.S. serving on 30 June 1971.The Royal Australian Naval Nursing Service at 30 Junehad a strength of 19 against an establishment of 30officers.Training—As a result of training research, advancesare being made in objectively specifying trainingrequirements. These are based, to an increasing degree,on job analyses. Accent is also being placed on moderntraining methods to ensure the most effective use oftraining time.Sailors—Initial, promotion and specialist training forsailors is conducted at various Navy schools as well aswith other organisations in Australia and overseas.Courses vary in duration from one day to four years.Annually about 1.700 sailors receive initial training afterentering the R.A.N, as adult recruits, junior recruits orapprentices.The pattern of sailor employment, promotion andtraining is currently receiving close examination takinginto account changes in other sectors of the communityand future needs of an expanding and more technicallycomplex Navy.Offlcar»—The degree training scheme for juniorofficers of the R.A.N, is now in full operation, andapproximately one-third of the officer entrants to theR.A.N. College each year begin degree courses. Degreesin Arts. Science and Engineering are available. Thesystem of offering one year of Science and Engineeringat the R.A.N. College as a First Year College of theUniversity of New South Wales is proving successful, andin 1970 there were no first year failures. Of 76 first yearpapers taken by students, there were 51 passes at creditlevel or better.Further efforts are being made to encourage sailors tobecome officers in tha R.A.N.. and each year up to 100sailors commence full-time courses of' either 6 or 18months to achieve the necessary pre-requisites forofficer rank.Personnel from Other Countries—During 1970.increasing numbers of students from Asian countriesundertook training courses with the Royal AustralianNavy. Courses ranged in length from 2 weeks to 3V4years, the latter for apprentices from the RoyalMalaysian Navy. Countries involved were Malaysia.Singapore. Indonesia and Brunei.JFlying TrainingDuring the second half of 1970 front line Fleet Air Armsquadrons carried out regular flying and weapontraining followed by deck landing practice which in turnwas followed by participation in Exercise Swan Lake.During the first-half of 1971 squadrons continuedtraining and work up in readiness for embarkation inH.M.A.S. Melbourne in August 1971.Front line squadrons will be embarked for majorexercises later this year and early in 1972.Delivery of 10 Macchi MB326H jet trainers is expectedto be completed by the end of 1971. These aircraft arebeing used for pilot training and Fleet training exercises.Sailor ReviewA committee to review sailor structure within theR.A.N, has made recommendations coveringengagement pattern, promotion rules, complementingand branch structures.Optional DischargeThe optional discharge scheme which was introducedin January 1970 for a trial period of one year iscontinuing. The scheme allows recruits the option ofseeking discharge after an initial period of trainingbefore committing themselves to full-time services.P.N.G. DivisionThe Papua New Guinea Division of the R.A.N, issteadily building up. At 30 June 1971 there were 235Papuan and New Guinean members serving, includingseven officers. These men are progressively taking overbillets in P.N.G. patrol boats and at the P.N.G. Base atManus Island. H.M.A.S. Tarangau.Civil PersonnelA total of 12.149 civilians were employed by theDepartment of Navy on 30 June 1971.BUILDINGS. WORKS AND HOUSINGExpenditure on buildings and works during 1970-71was $12.822m. In addition $1.925m. was advanced tothe States under the Commonwealth States HousingAgreement towards houses under construction and thecost of a further 345 houses for Naval personnel.Work began on the 2 l /i mile causeway between theWestern Australian mainland at Point Peron and GardenIsland in September 1970 and is expected to becompleted by mid-1973, giving road access to GardenIsland.Estimated to cost $9.490m.. the causeway will havetwo rubble mole sections, totalling more than 10.000 ft..I.000 ft. of steel trestle bridging and a 2.000 ft. longconcrete bridge.On 30 October 1970 the Government approved theconstruction of the second stage of the Cockburn Soundproject.It is proposed to provide base facilities capable ofsupporting four escort vessels and three submarines forperiods of up to a year without dry docking.Capital works would include the wharves and servicearea, workshops and stores buildings, engineeringservices, barracks, an armament depot with jetty andhousing, to be provided on the mainland.Other major works projects let to contract during1970/71 included three instructional buildings atH.M.A.S. Carbarns, Victoria, at a cost of $1.515m.. themarine engineering demonstration building at H.M.A.S.Pace Tlikty aiaht THE NAVY November-Oecember-January, 1971/72DEFENCE REPORT 1971Nirlmba, Quakers Hill. N.S.W.. at a cost ol $745,000.components of shipbuilding facilities at CockatooIsland. Sydney ($467,000), 14 new houses atCoonawarra West. Darwin ($370,000) and work on theoil fuel installation, the power generating plant,electrical plant and five residences at H.M.A.S.Tarancau, Manus Island, involving $1,034 m.Provision is made in the 1971-72 programme for anexpenditure of $13.5m. on buildings and works whichwill include a senior sailors' barracks complex atH.M.A.S. Cerberus, a wardroom mess and senior sailors'barracks at the Naval Air Station, Nowra (H.M.A.S.Albatrou), and a tactical trainer building at South Head.Sydney at a cost of $3.2m.As at 30 June. 3.030 houses had either been obtained,were under construction, or on approved programmesunder the Commonwealth States Housing Agreement.In addition, as at the end of June 1971, 983 Serviceownedmarried quarters had been obtained, or wereunder construction. There are also 61 houses for Navalpersonnel in Papua New Guinea.Provision has been made for a further 223 houses tobe programmed from advances to the States amountingto $3.749m. during 1971-72. A further eight areprogrammed for construction by the Commonwealth.The chart below shows major categories of proposed expenditure for the Navy in 1971-72 comparedwith actual expenditure for the previous year:ServiceCivilPayAllowancesSalariesandEstimated1971-72$m76.60949.480General Expenses . 19.150MaintenanceStoresMaintenanceof Equipment36.97617.248Maintenance of Buildingsand Works 4.380NavaltionAircraftPurchaseCapitalmentBuildings,Sites &Construc-Equip-Works,HousingRecoverable Expenditure17.5795.52515.31817.251for Other Govts 1.565Actual1970-71Sm71.62442.24417.17434.81513.1344.10410.325.83011.78415.5781.539Total from Appropriations. 261.081 223.151OutlaysUnitedfromStatesCredits . . 21.660 24.773Total Navy . 2M.741 247.924

Compliments fromRAINBOW CONSTRUCTIONCo. Pty. Ltd.GENERAL CONTRACTORS22 HIDDLESTON AVENUEBOX HILL, 3128, VIC.Phone: 288-4181A.H.: 465-2783r~CHANGE OF ADDRESSImportant notice to Subscribers to "The Navy" and Fellows of the NavyLeague of Australia.It would ba helpful to th. Editor and th. Poit Office If you would kindly compl.t. tha formprovided below prior to moving from the poital address registered with th. Navy Laagua, therebyensuring that "The Navy" reaches you on time.Name:NOTICE OF CHANGE OF ADDRESSTo: The Editor,"The Nav>" magazine.Box C 178. Clarence Street Post Officc.S\dnc>. N.S.W. 2000. Australia.MrM rsMissRankPresent address:(PLEASE PRINT CLEARLY)lut oft hwrI will be moving from the above postal address onQUEENS BRIDGE MOTORSPty. Lid.New address:(date)(please include your postcode)I am a 'Subscriber or •Fellow of the Navy League.(* delete inapplicable words)INDUSTRIAL DISTRIBUTORS OF:"MASSEY FERGUSON"Heavy Industrial MachinerySignature:1359 PLUMMER STREETPORT MELBOURNE. 3207Telephone: 64 2841COMPLIMENTS OFSYDNEYCAKE CO.12 BARKER STREETKINGSFORDSUPPLIERSOF:BLOCK CAKEContractors lo the Nuv\DepartmentPhone: 663 3978; 663 5115Pig, fortyTHE NAVYNov.mb.r-DK.mb.r-January,Novembar-Dacembar-January, 1971/72THE NAVY

"Calling Tugs attending"CONSCRIPTION AND AUSTRALIAN MILITARY CAPABILITYby Darcy McGaurrPrice $1.50(Canberra Papers on Strategy and Defence. No. 11)A publication of The Strategic and Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University,Canberra.Established TowageJ. FENWICK & CO. PTY. LTD.Services at Sydney, Botany Bay, Newcastle, Port Kembla, Port Lalta, TasmaniaA SATISFACTORY CONNECTION THE NAVY DEPT ANDBritish Box Co. Pty. Ltd.67-3054 — PHONE — 67-3054Who are Proud to be Associated with theR.A.N, in the Supply ofWOODEN CRATES & PALLETSFor All Enquiries . .MR. H. KAYBRITISH BOX CO. PTY. LTD.Coward Street, W/Mascot, N.S.W.This is the eleventh in a series ofpapers published by the Strategicand Defence Studies Centre of theAustralian National University and.like its predecessors, is a valuablework for the serious student ofcurrent affairs. As Australia'scommitment to the Vietnam wardraws to a close, a study of the costeffectiveness of conscription is notonly timely, but overdue. Mr.McGaurr advances detailedarguments to support his case that'conscription is the most expensivesystem of military manpowerprocurement" (page 25).From his own research and byreferring to several prestigiousAmerican works, including theReport of the President'sCommission on an All-VolunteerArmed Force (Chairman: Thomas S.Gates). Mr. McGaurr shows, by aseries of graphs and tables, severaldifferent views on the expectedsupply of volunteers for the armedforces and the costs to thecommunity involved in the varioussystems.Mr. McGaurr goes on to give a briefreview of the likely areas of deploymentof Australian forces in the nearfuture — South East Asia.Malaysia/Singapore. Papua NewGuinea and the Australian Mainland.Where South East Asia (excludingMalaysia/Singapore) is concerned,he quite correctly points out thatthere would be no significantAustralian involvement unlessAmerican ground forces wereinvolved — an unlikely event afterVietnam.Where the Malaysia/Singaporeregion is concerned. Mr. McGaurrmakes valuable comments aboutthe type of force to be committed tothe area, particularly in regard tothe question of technology asopposed to manpower. His suggestionof a "Strike Force" certainlybears close investigation.When he turns to the defence ofthe Australian mainland. Mr.McGaurr makes the point that sincethere does not appear to be anythreat of invasion within the next tenyears. "Australia's force structureshould be such as to provide not somuch a present capability as apotential capability .... A conscripttrained in 1971 will not be a valuabledefence asset in the event of aninvasion in 1985" (not under ourpresent system, anyway). He states(and I agree with him) that Australiashould be spending its resources onitems with a longer term pay-off —dockyards, ships, aircraft, airfields.roads etc. Whilst this iscertainly true, there is even more tobe said: Australia should be devotinga lot more of its defence budgettowards building a local aircraftindustry with a capacity to designand build multi-engine fixed-wingand rotary-wing aircraft. Soldierscan be trained (or re-trained)comparatively speedily, but acapacity to design and build aircrafttakes years to develop.Again, the part-time servicemancan draw from the article not only ajustification for his own existence,but an illustration of the value ofreserve forces.Whilst a conscript trained in 1971might not be a valuable asset in1985. the 20 year old CMr soldier orNaval Reserve seaman of 1971 maywell, if properly trained and encouraged.be a 34 year old Captain orWarrant Officer or Lieutenant orPetty Officer in 1985 Soldiers andsailors can be trained in a hurry, butleaders cannot.One solution Mr. McGaurr offers isthat of the Student-soldier, paid bythe Army to be a full-time studentbut obliged to spend all or part of hisvacations in the Army. An interestingidea, well worth studying, buthas it not already been done? In themid 1960's. (when the Army hadmoney). University Regiments hadan allocation of 73 days hometraining pay per man (and so did theCommandos), and it was notunusual for soldiers who were fulltimestudents to spend up to tenweeks per year in camps of continuoustraining. Mr. McGaurr'ssuggested scheme appears to differonly in detail from the reality ofUniversity Regiments in theirheyday.I commend this paper to all seriousstudents of defence.Pm« Fortv-twoTHE NAVY November-Dec ember-January, 1971/November-December-January, 1971/72THE NAVYP«C« Forty-three

Edmunds Bros.Pty. Ltd.ELECTRICAL APPLIANCE EQUIPMENTWHOLESALERS464 LATROBE STREET, MELBOURNEPhone: 30 4171922 Nepean Highway, Moorabbin — 95 183928C Ashley Street, West Footscray — 689-2309JOHN BROWNMen's & Boys' Knitwear — Knitshirts & SocksHar Ma|aa|y • Ship ALBION, ona of tha moat raraatUa aNpa In Ma Brltlah Nary. Thla 23.300 tonvaaaal la an avary-raady. fo-anywhara taak lorea that »aa orfclnalfy a madkim .Had aircraft carrfarNo» a 'commando ahlp". ALBION la a mobUa baaa tor crack Royal Marlnaa and artUlaryman .ho.with aupportlng armour. haHcoptara and Undine craft, can carry out nacaatary oparatlont awlftlyALBION, capabla of a apaad of 2. knofa. la Naraatf aqulppad aHth rockat launctera. ant, aircraft(una and elactr onk datactton aqulpmant.Her Majesty's Ship Albion is one of the most versatile in Britain's RoyalNavy. For here is an every-ready, go-anywhere task force. On board, Albioncan carry a Royal Marine Commando unit equivalent to a full strength armybattalion. Backed by helicopters, armour and landing craft, the troops can belifted ashore at speed to deal with trouble or emergency. Albion itself is armedwith anti-aircraft guns, rocket launchers and electronic detection equipment.JOHN BROWN INDUSTRIES LIMITED110 TRENERRY CRESCENT, ABB0TSF0RD, VIC.Phones: 41 7016; 41 5221One of the most versatile ships in at short notice at any trouble spot in can carry Commando Lightthe British Royal Navy. Her Maiesty's any kind of terrain in the world, to Batteries of the Royal Artillery, withShip Albion is practically a task answe' a call for assistance in deal- their 105 millimetre howitzers fromforce on its own. ever ready to mg with an armed revolt or to cope the ship to the operational area inanswer the call of a civil authority with aid and rescue operations after support of the marines The pilotsashore in times of unrest or disaster, a natural disaster. have been trained to fly in allFor Albion, originally a medium- With their mortars, anti-tank guns weathers, and in a wide variety of tersized aircraft carrier operating fixed- and light transport, they can be rain without ground navigationalwing aircraft, is now a "commando moved more than 100 miles (160 aids and to make the best use ofship" serving as a mobile base for a kilometres) inland by the ship's cover. They not only move the troopshighly trained military force of Wessex helicopters, each of which into action, but keep them suppliedRoyal Marines and artillerymen, can carry a dozen or more fully and are ready to move them quicklywith a large squadron of helicopters armed combat troops or the equival- from one point to another in theand four landing cralt to carry out ent weight m stores, such as Land trouble zone by day or night, and canland operations Rovers, light artillery or bulky loads move any casualties straight backA Royal Marine Commando Unit, of fuel and ammunition that can be to the Albion lor medical treatmentequivalent to a full strength army slung below the aircraft. The commandos have the fourbattalion, embarked in the Albion All-Weather Pilots landing craft to put them and theircan be moved into action swiftly and In the same way. the helicopters transport ashore over beaches ifPage Forty-sixTHE NAVYNovember-Deiember-January,Nov.mtwr-DK.mtMr-J.nu.ry, 1971/72 Pag. Forty-aw«nTHE NAVY

A Close Liaison: The Navy Department andA. F. Little (Southern Div.)Pty. Ltd.FIVE ISLANDS ROAD, PORT KEMBLAWho are Proud to be Associated with the Navy Department in theErection of H.M.A.S. "Albatross" Accommodation Buildings* SPECIALISING IN CONSTRUCTION WORK4-0723 Phone 4-0723A Close Liaison ihe NAVY DEPT. and:W. Angliss & Co.(Australia) Pty. Ltd.Who are Proud to be Associated with theNAVY DEPT. inTHE SUPPLY OF l-ROZEN AND CANNED MEATS• Contractors to the R.A.N., R.N., B.A.O.R.Kor further Inform.titin Contact . . .W. Angliss & Co. (Australia) Pty. Ltd.255 GEORGE STREET, SYDNEYTelephone: 20-534required. A special mobile pontoon isalso available for landing heaviervehicles if the need arises.Albion herself is a ship of 23.300tons displacement, with a speed of28 knots, and a defensive armamentof two sextuple rocketlaunchers and eight 40 millimetreanti-aircraft guns mounted in pairs.She is equipped with radars and electronicdevices for detecting enemyaircraft, surface ships and submarines.and. as a mobile base for acompact, but powerful assaultforce, requires a complex system ofshort and long range communicationsequipment.Her ship's company — apart fromthe Royal Marines — consists ofmore than 1.000 naval officers andratings, with a wide variety of skillsand responsibilities. For example.Albion has an education departmentwhich is also responsible forthe meteorological forecasting, soimportant to air. sea and land operations.Own Medical ServicesThe medical department, with itsdoctors, dentist and medical assistants.has well equipped operatingtheatres and hospital quarterswhich not only provide everydaymedical care, but are always ready tocope with casualties from the commandoassault force flown back tothe ship.The present Albion's immediatepredecessor was a first-classarmoured battleship with four 12-inch (305-millimetre) guns whichtook part in the naval operations atGallipoli in World War I in 1915.But. of course, the present Albionis the first to introduce the airelement in the forefront of combinedservice operations.This air element is not necessarilyconfined to military operations oreven disaster aid. as a recent reportfrom the ship showed. During a tenhoursvisit to the isolated island ofAscension, in the south Atlantic,some of Albion's helicopters andship's company carried out anunusual voluntary operation.They lifted half a ton of sand fromthe shore to a point high up amountainside for a tree-plantingscheme to improve this ratherbarren, windswept island. The 1.800inhabitants of Ascension weredelighted.ONESHIPTASKFORCEPage Forty-sixTHE NAVYNovember-Deiember-January,Nov.mtwr-DK.mtMr-J.nu.ry, 1971/72THE NAVYPag. Forty-aw«n

Compliments to All R.A.N. Personnel and H.M.A.S. CerberusFLINDERS HOTELFLINDERS, VIC.COUNTER LUNCH SERVED DAILYRemember Chaps, when at the Gunnery Range, Call infor a Cold BeerBy Courtesy:Phone: Flinders 89 0201Knox Schlapp Pty. Ltd.49 GRAHAM STREET, PORT MELBOURNEPhones: 69 5701; 69 6931The Civilian Arm of the Navy"The principal objective of the NavyLeague of Australia is to stress the vitalimportance of Sea Power to theCommonwealth of Nations and theimportant role played by the RoyalAustralian Navy.We invite you to swell ourranksand so keep up to date with MaritimeAffairs to help to build anever-increasing weight of informedpublic opinion. The Navy League willDIVISIONSNew South Wales - Box 1719, G.P.O.,Sydney. 2001.Victoria — Room 6. 2nd Floor. 528Collins Street. Melbourne. 3000Queensland 39 Pinecroft Street,Camp Hill, Queensland. 4152.Tasmania -The League, in conjunction withthen become widely known andthe Commonwealth Naval Board, exercise an important influence in theadministers the Australian Sea Cadet life of the Australian Nation.South Australia - Box 1529M G.P.O..Corps, by providing finance andAdelaide. 5001technical sea training for boys who Che League consists of Fellows and Western Australia - 182 Coode Street,intend to serve in the Naval orAssociates. All British subjects who Como, 6152.Merchant Services, also to thoseAustralian Capital Territory -support the objectives of the Leaguesea-minded boys, who do not intend toLimestone Avenue. Ainslie, 2602.60follow a sea career, but who given this are eligible for membership. MembersNorthern Territory - CI- Mrs. V. M.knowledge will form a valuable reservefor the Naval Service.receive copies of the League's magazine"The Navy".Slide,5790.12 Allen Street, Fannie Bay.THE NAVY LEAGUE OF AUSTRALIAApplication forTo: The Secretary.The Navy League of Australia.Membership'Division!.Sir.I am desirous of becoming a Member of the Navy League of Australia with whose objects 1 amin sympathyNamei Mr. >

A CLOSE LIAISON THE .NAVY DEPTANDPettit & SevittConstructions Pty. Ltd.443-224 — PHONE — 443-224Who are Proud to be Associated with the NAVY DEPT in their ConstructionWork at Nowra and Jervis Bay• For all Enquiries ... * CONTRACTORS TO THE K.A.NPETTIT & SEVITT CONSTRUCTIONSPTY. LTD.200 MONA VALE ROAD,ST. IVES, N.S.W.NEWCOOKERYMANUALfor theRoyalAustralianNavyA Satisfactory Connection the Navy Dept. and:ECHO DAIRIES PTY. LTD.NEWBRIDGE ROAD, MOOREBANKWho Are Proud To Be Associated Withthe Navy Department in the Supply of:MILK AND CREAM TO QUAKER'S HILLCONTRACTORS TO THE NAVYTelephone: 602-8168A PHILOSOPHY OFNUTRITIONS ANDATTRACTIVE FOODNaval catering and cookeryhave come a long way sinceweevils had to be knockedout of the biscuits and saltmeat was so hard that seamencould carve snuff-boxesand other objects from it.Just over a century ago. when Australiannaval defence was providedby ships of the Royal Navy, the cookson war vessels knew little or nothingabout cooking in the accepted term.Complaints were so intense thatthe Admiralty created a school ofcookery at Portsmouth in 1873. Australia'snaval school of cookery atWesternport in Victoria was estab-ABR3 -TIm R.A.N.'» naw cook try manual. Vo*um« II Is batnc praparad and will contain ovartpacial raclpa*.lished in 1924. not because R.A.N,cooks required to be trained to cookproperly but because the Royal AustralianNavy had become an independentnational force in 1913 andrequired its own cooks.Even so. the cookery practicesand recipes were substantiallythose of the Royal Navy.Now the Royal Australian Navy isto have its own cookery books, preparedto suit the tastes of the Australiansailor and the climates inwhich the R.A.N, operates.The first of these has f^een distributedthroughout the Fleet — theR.A.N. Cookery Manual, known officiallyas Australian Book of Reference5.Volume II will be a recipe book with1500 dishes in loose-leaf pages sothat new ones can be added fromtime to time.The circumstances in which Navymeals are prepared are unique.They are not paralleled even in themerchant marine, because Navypractices, catering and cookeryhave to be carried out in ships ofmany sizes, from small patrol boatsand submarines to large vessels likeaircraft carriers.Preoarations range from thethree-good-meals-a-day policy ofpeace time to action-stations foodduring operations.The emphasis of Volume 1 of theCookery Manual is on the impor-Page Fifty THE NAVY November-December-January,November-December-January, 1971/72 THE NAVY Page iFWty-one

4.FUNERAL DIRECTORSMEAD SON & CO.K. W (Win)MtAD190 ALBANY HIGHWAY, VICTORIA PARK, W.A.NEW COOKERYMANUALModern New Premises61-1158 PHONE 6-3482Ask us to send you a copy of our informative publication .concerning funerals". "Important fact*,BOTTLED UNDER AUTHORITY OF THE COCA-COLA COMPANY BYCOCA-COLA BOTTLERS. PERTH"COCA-COLA"' AND COKE ARE THE REGISTERED TRADE MARKSOF THE COCA-COLA COMPANYBest Wishes to all Members from . . .STEVE MASO at theROYALGEORGE HOTELStirling TerraceALBANY, W.A.IF IT GOES ONTHE WATER -WE'VE GOT IT!We service commercial fishing and shipping. But wealso carry the most complete range of Blue waterequipment and aquatic sporting gear.J. N. TAYLOR & CO. LTD.34 CUFF SHEET, FREMANTLE. 35 5733branch*. In Gar.ldton and Darwin.• The Ideal "SPOT" in the Port ofAlbany toEnjoy.• Excellent Cuisine and Accommodation• Attractive Tariff RatesFriendly HospitalityPhone: ALBANY 41-1013Space Is at a premium for submarine cooks andequipment Is compacted to attain maximum useof every spare Inch aboard Oberon class submarines.tance of feeding the sailors w?l' andcorrectly.The manual also makes it clearthat the sailors, too. can contributeto successful catering.The manual explains the navalphilosophy of catering. It says thatthe way people satisfy hunger andappetite from day to day has a directeffect upon their well-being, and themoral fibre of the whole crew can beeffected by the meals it receives.Eating is not just to satisfy hunger,the manual declares. It is part of thesocial way of life. This aspect isimportant to sailors who live closetogether at sea for long periodsaway from family and friends.With deep freezing, dehydrationand other forms of vitamin-conservingpreservation. Navy catering andcookery are no longer restricted to alimited selection of food. In today'sNavy there is a range at each mealwhich allows the men to choose whatthey want to eat. This ability tochoose, rather than accept or rejectthe menu which the cooks havedrawn up. makes sailors more satisfiedwith their meals.A rule-of-thumb guide to thepopularity of meals is given in whatis known as "plate waste", which isthe amount of food left on thesailors' plates.Experience here has shown thatcomplete dishes which combinefamiliar with unfamiliar items, orliked with disliked, have less chanceof being popular.One of the problems faced bynaval caterers and cooks is that thefood habits of sailors are determinedby such factors as customs,traditions, habits, age. climate andoccupation.It is not enough that the Navyshould have cooks skilled in cookery;they must also be able to prepareand serve food which has eyeappealand interest. This appeal offood is influenced by variety ofaroma, colour, form, temperature,flavour and texture.The meal pattern of the R.A.N, consistsnot only of breakfast, lunch,dinner or supper, but of betweenmealsnacks as well.The manual explains that an adequatebreakfast should help to increasethe efficiency and work outputof the crew and decrease "latemorning fatigue".Lunch is necessary to meet thebody's needs for the afternoon, andafternoon tea can make an importantcontribution to the daily diet.Dinner or supper, the final meal ofthe day. cannot compensate for apoor breakfast or lunch.A roast chicken dinner In course of preparationIn tha galley of the destroyer escort H.M.A.S.PARRAMATTA.The R.A.N, insists on absolutecleanliness in the handling of foodand there are firm instructionswhich must be obeyed by all cooks.Symptoms of sickness must bereported immediately they appearand it is a punishable offence toconceal an infection, whether it isinternal or external.Cooks' hair must be cut short, andthey must wear their cooks caps sothat the hair is properly covered.Safety and accident preventionare also important in a warship'sPage Fifty-twoTHE NAVYNovam bar-Dec em bar-January,November-December-January, 1971/72 THE NAVY

Elliott & BrownPty.Ltd.K>r Metal Neon and Plastic SignsSpecialists in Metal l etteringPlastic and Illuminated Signs68 Holmes StreetEAST BRUNSWIC K, VIC.Telephone: 36-6823Sponsored b>:SHIELDSTRANSPORTPTY. LTD.interstate Road HauliersSpecialists in Car CarryingCnr. Ingles & Rogers Sts.PORT MELBOURNEPhone: 64-4245BRIGHTONSAVOYMOTELDinner Dances— ContentionsV\ eddings a SpecialityExcellent Accommodation150THE ESPLANADEMIDDLE BRIGHTONVICTORIAl or Reservations:PHONE: 92-8233Mention ihis Journal when callingkindl\ Sponsored by:J. A. DUNDASPty.Ltd.Fertilizer and ChemicalManufacturers"HORTICO PRODUCTS"327 PLUMMER STREETPORT MELBOURNEPhone: 64-2311 (9 lines)NEW COOKERY MANUALgalley as in an industrial plant. Themovement of a ship at sea can alsocreate hazards which are not experiencedashore. Cooking is a humanachievement, but in these days agalley is equipped with a variety ofmachines, all of which could causeinjury if handled carelessly or improperlyEven the cooks' simple implements.such as knives, are potentiallydangerous and there is aninstruction that cooks must notcarry their favourite vegetableparing knives on their persons orkeep them in their lockers. Suchknives must be placed in a safe placein the galley.Neither may a cook carry a knife inhis hand while he carries a cookingdish or a heavy saucepar..Sixteen chapters of the newCookery Manual are devoted todetails about the preparation ofvarious types of food ranging fromhors d'oeuvres and savouries tobread, cakes, pastry and icing.In a chapter on fish. Navy cooksare warned about poisonousvarieties that can be found in thePacific, but are told that small,edible sharks can be found in alwaters.In a chapter on eggs and cheese,the manual states that Navy cookswho know the composition of eggsand understand the reasons for thechanges that take place in cookingwill have superior products for theirefforts.A great deal of space in the manualis given to the making of bread. Skillat this, the manual says, is the hallmarkof perfection of a baker.A Satisfactory Connection: the Navv Dept.andHERBERTOSBORNEDIVISION OF ALDUS LTD.The Navy manual points out thatbakers can use sea water in emergencies.when the normal ship'swater supply is not available.The water must be obtained onlyfrom the open sea and has to bestrained through four layers ofmuslin or other suitable cloth.The salinity of sea water hasapproximately the amount of saltrequired in bread making and no saltneed be added to the dough.JBUr.AT.H*ADS.fimtufCtfWHO ARE PROUD TO BE ASSOCIATED WITHTHENAVYSpecialising:• MACHINE TOOLS• ADJUSTABLE W RENCHES• Contractors to the Navy DepartmentHERBERT OSBORNEDivision of Aldus Ltd.100 CHALMERS STREET, SYDNEY69-6053 PHONE 69-6053m*Paga Fifty-four THE NAVY Novambar-Dacambar-January,Novambar-Dacambar-January, 1971/72THE NAVY

DECORARTA/Asia.Pty. Ltd.Xmas Decorations and All DisplayMaterialsContact:MR. O. G. KORTfor all your requirements185 HIGH STREETST. KILDA, VIC.Telephone: 94-5249Sponsored h\:CommonwealthPower EquipmentCo. Pty. Ltd.hlectrical EquipmentManufacturers*MACHINERYCONSTRUCTIONCo. Pty. Ltd.Suppliers of:POV\ I R and DISTRIBUTIONTRANSFORMKRS*139 Northern RoadWest Heidelberg, Vic.Phone: 45-7213R. L. BULLER & SONWinemakersFull Range of Table. Dessert andSparkling WinesBulk and BottledJOIN THENAVAL RESERVE CADETSThe Australian Sea Cadet Corps is avoluntary organisation administeredby the Commonwealth Naval Boardand The Navv League ol AustraliaThe aim ol the Australian Sea CadetCorps is to provide tor the spiritualsocial and educational well are ol bovsand to develop in them character, asense ol patriotism, sell-reliancecitizenship and disciplineUniforms are supplied free of charge.Cadets are required to produce acertificate from their doctor toK you are between the ages of 13 and 18 years.confirm they are capable of carryingout the normal duties and activities ofthe Cadet Corps. If injured while onduty. Cadets are considered forpayment of compensation.Parades are held on Saturdayafternoons and certain Units hold anadditional parade one night a week,rlie interesting syllabus of trainingcovers a wide sphere and includesseamanship, handling of boats undersail and power, navigation, physicaltraining, rille shooting, signallingsplicing of wire and ropes, generalsporting activities and other variedsubjectsInstructional camps are arranged forSea Cadets in Naval Establishments,and they are also given opportunities,whenever possible, to undertaketraining at sea in ships of the RoyalAustralian Navy.Cadets, if considering a sea career,are given every assistance to join theRoyal Australian Navy, the MercantileMarine or the Royal Australian NavalReserve, but there is no compulsion tojoin these Services.For further information please contact the Divisional Senior Officer in your State, using theForm provided below .Senior Officers. Australian Sea Cadet CorpsNEW SOUTH WALES: Staff Office Cadets. H.M.A.S.Watson. Watsons Bay. N.S.W.. 2030.QUEENSLAND: C/- 39 Pinecroft Street, C amp Hill.Queensland. 4152.WESTERN AUSTRALIA: C - 182 Coode St.. Como. 6152.SOUTH AUSTRALIA: C - Box 1529M. G.P.O.. Adelaide.5001.TO: The Senior Officer.Australian Sea Cadet CorpsVICTORIA: C/- Room 6. 2nd Floor. 528 Collins St..Melbourne. 3000.AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL TERRITORY: Industry House.National Circuit. Barton. 2600.NORTHERN TERRITORY: Mrs. V. M. Slide. 12 AllenStreet, Fannie Bay. 5790.I am interested in joining the Australian Sea Cadet Corps and would bepleased to receive further information.NAMESTREETSTATE OR TERRITORYSUBURBPOST COPE780 Elizabeth StreetMELBOURNETelephone: 347-4844RUTHERGLEN, VIC.Phone: Rutherglen 110SPm. Ffftw.cl. THE NAVY Novambar-Dacambar-January,/72PHONE No.(Please Print Clearlv)AGEPlease address your envelope to the Senior Officer in your State or Territory—see list of addresses aboveNovember-December-January, 1971/72THE NAVYPafe Fifty-seven

Kindly Sponsored b> . Merry Christmas and a Happ> New Yearfrom . . .J. T. Johnson GEORGE WILLS& Sons Customs & CO. and Shipping LTD. AgentsGRAIN SUPPLIES PTY. I.TI).CHAFF SUPPLIES PT Y. LTD.LUCERNE SUPPLIES PTY. LTD.FUEL SUPPLIES PH . LTD.Chaff and Ceneral MerchantsCaltcK DistributorsSuppliers of: Bruised. Crushed. Clipped.Oats and Oat GlialsKAPUNDA, S.A.Telephone: 257, 350tJn-kilnedThomas &Wall Pty.Ltd.6MANTON STREETHINDMARSH, S.A.Phone: 46-3861Distributors of:All Types of Fasteners. Screws. Bolts,and Nuts. Washers. Etc.Fenner Transmission Supplies. Vee Belts.Pulleys. Speed Reducers. Couplings. Etc.ALL GENERAL ENGINEERINGREQUIREMENTS21 DIVETT STREETPORT ADELAIDETelephone: 47-5366B> Courtesy of . . .CameronIronWorks Pty. Ltd.OILFIELD EQUIPMENTSALES & SERVICECnr. Boundary Rd. & Tarnard Dr.Mordialloc, 3195, Vic.Phones: 90-2377 — 90-2744P.O. BOX 105MORDIALLOC, 3195United States ofAmericaSea Cadetsby Chief Journalist Brad Durfee.U.S.N.Many of the country's youth reenteredtheir classrooms this fallwith added maturity and possiblynew career goals as a result of theirNaval Sea Cadet Corps two-weeksummer training. Members of theSea Cadets are Navy-orientci youngstersbetween the ages of 14 and 17Many have undergone training thissummer at one of the three NavalTraining Centers located at Orlando.Fla.: Great Lakes. III.: and San Diego.Calif.The Navy Sea Cadet Corps wasfederally chartered in September1962 and is jointly sponsored by theAmerican S«a Cadett keep fit by activeparticipation In (ports, including boxing.Thay could ba Yankeeacter. and good citizenship. Other- goals of this program are to intrpducethe U.S. Navy as a career possibilityand to increase the advancementpotential of these young menwho may later choose to serve asmembers of the Navy.One of the main tasks of this committeeis to obtain the sponsorshipand support of the NSCC unit by acommanding officer of a local U.S.Navy activity. The commandingofficer gives support to the trainingbut thay'ra Saa Cadets.Department of the Navy and the and testing of the cadets, and he alsoNavy League of the United States. assists in selecting the recruitingObjectives of the Sea Cadet programinclude developing in young The sponsoring Naval activity pro-Sea Cadet Corps officers.boys an interest and skill in seamanshipas well as a sense of patriotism. classroom facilities, training aids,vides instructors, curriculum,| courage, self-reliance, moral char-and text books. The Naval activityalso monitors the training andauthenticates the cadets' advancementin training. All trainingresults, test scores, and otherpersonal data are recorded in thecadets' modified version of a Navyenlisted training jacket.Cities and towns throughout the To qualify for the program, acountry have local chapters of the youngster must have parentalNavy League of the United States. approval and be recommended byThe President of the local Navy his high school principal. He is thenLeague Council appoints a Naval given a Navy medical examinationSea Cadet Corps (NSCC) Chairman and. after passing the Navy AQT testand committee, and he allocates (Armed Forces Qualification Test),operating funds to the committee he can join the Sea Cadet Corps.to carry out the Sea Cadet program. Sea Cadets attend two-hour weeklytraining sessions, the majority ofwhich are held at local Naval andMarine Corps Reserve TrainingCenters.Training is also conducted aboardNavy shore installations and ships.Page Fifty-eightTHE NAVYNovember-December-January,November-December-January, 1971/72THE NAVYPage Fifty-nine

Spacc Sponsored by:Kingsville ConfidentialTyping ServiceandCamberwell School ofStenographyMORR ARCADE. UPSTAIRS600 BURKE ROADCAMBERWELL. 3124, Vic.Phone: 82-1915RED POPPY CAKESforQUALITY and VARIETY388 Glenhuntly RoadElsternwick, Vic.for further enquiries:PHONE: 53-6329Spacc Sponsored by:Lee Charm Beauty SalonHaircutling Specialists and StylistsPerm and Blow WavingColouring, ctc.426 BURWOOD ROADHAWTHORN, 3122, Vic.PHONE: 81-1318Space Sponsored by:Kolter FurniturePty. Ltd.WANNAN STREETHIGHETT, VIC.Phone: 95-8763F. & V. S. BERRYYour Local Licensed Grocer45 FOOT STREETFRANKSTON, VIC.Free Delivery All Groceries at Competitive PricesWell Slocked Range of Bottled Wines & SpiritsTelephone: 783-3121S. A. BRUSH CO. LTD.Brustmarc ManufacturersSpecialising in Painters' and general brushware.Brushes for all Industries. "Sabco" Wall Tiles, CarpetSweepers and Carpet Shampoo Machines.Address:64 HOTHAM STREETCOLLINGWOOD, 3066, VIC.For Trade EnquiriesTelephone: 41-4279George Hurry & Co.Pty. Ltd.Customs & Shipping Agents386 Flinders Lane, Melbourne, 3000Telephone: 62-6609Septic Tank Problems?KINMAN SEPTICSERVICES PTY. LTD.47 Felix Crescent, Ringwood, Vic.870-5727 — 870-2990Inspection — advice — and quoteswithout obligation — ring or writefor free brochure authorised M.M.B.WRadio-controlled for prompt serviceCADET FORCE NEWSCadets train as seamen, firemen,and airmen, following instructionsand methods used by the UnitedStates Naval Reserve. This instructionis given by qualified civilianNSCC officers and Navy instructors.Prior to advancement in rate, thecadets must pass the standardBureau of Naval Personnel'sadvancement-in-rating examinationswhich are administered byNavy personnelBy following guidelines set up by,the Navy to provide cadets with abroad educational base, the youngmen receive extensive instructionand training in water safety: militarybearing; personal hygiene: moralguidance: and Naval history,customs, and traditions.Another source of training is theNavy Correspondence Courses Program.Cadets wishing to obtain additionaltraining in specialized fieldsfor petty officer ratings or study inareas which will help prepare forNaval officer programs can furtherthese goals by taking advantage ofthese coursesCadets who are interested in Navalofficer programs are encouraged towork closely with their high schoolcounsellors in developing a solidcollege preparatory course of studyAll the weekly studying and classroomattendance at his home basethrough the school year comes intoplay when a Sea Cadet attends thetwo-week training cycle at one ofthe Navy's three Recruit TrainingCommands.A Sea Cadet lives, works, and trainswith his "shipmates." and isexposed to real Navy life.His first half day at Orlando. GreatLakes, or San Diego, includes gettinga haircut, being processed, andbeing given a "welcome aboard" lecture.In the second half of the firstday. he jumps right into training byattending sessions conducted inhygiene and sentry training. He alsowatches two closed-circuit televisionprograms on fire-fighting.While at a Recruit Training Command.a cadet's day follows a tightschedule undergoing the same typetraining as Naval Reserve Companiesduring their two-week activeduty training.At the Naval Training Center.Orlando, the Sea Cadets" summertraining culminated when they"passed, in review" with recruits ofthe Regular Navy during graduationceremonies. Four companies ofcadets paraded their colors as theymarched by the reviewing stand tomartial music provided by the Navalto make them eligible for a commissionthrough the U.S. Naval the salute of Vice Admiral JacksonTraining Center Band and receivedAcademy or through the Naval D. Arnold. U.S.N.. Chief of NavalReserve Officer Training Corps programavailable at many universities.Material, reviewing officer for thegraduation.An American SM Cadetone of the arts of t%nallin«.Two hundred and fifty-seven SeaCadets graduated that day at theNaval Training Center. Orlando, andreturned to their home bases locatedin the states of Florida. Alabama.Virginia. Texas. Pennsylvania. NewJersey. South Carolina. Georgia.Louisiana. Maryland. New York,and the District of Columbia. ThirtyoneSea Cadets departed Orlandofor their home base of San Juan,Puerto Rico, following their training.The ever-expanding Sea Cadet programhas come a long way since itsinception in 1962. Because of its tremendousgrowth, the Chief of NavalPersonnel urges active, reserve, andretired Naval personnel to volunteertheir services to assure that thehighest quality of training is offeredto members of the Sea Cadet Corps.Volunteers are also needed from thecivilian communities to serve asinstructors, lecturers, and SeaCadet officers.TASMANIAThe Launceston Unit T. S. Tamarunder the command of Lieut. A. B.Cleaver, has continued to makefurther progress throughout thepast year.Enrolments stayed at a steady 42cadets and the unit gained theservices of a new civilian instructor.Mr. Mai Smith, who has already producedhis "new broom". Rostershave been introduced for boatworkand Rifle Range. Classes are well inprogress in First Aid. Visual Signalling.Wireless Telegraphy. PhysicalTraining Instructor, and Quarter-Master Gunner. The unit's boats areunder annual refit, including repairsto a hole in the eighteen foot yacht.In September, the unit conducteda 7.62 mm. full bore shoot in conjunctionwith a weekend campdevoted to drill training and intensivecramming for V/S and W/Tspecialists, including cadets from T.S YorkDuring the November long weekend.a camp under canvas was heldon Middle Island at the mouth of theTamar River, combining with T. S.York.Senior cadets have also commencedsurveying Tamar Island,near Launceston. which has beenloaned to us as a permanent campsite. This will be completed in thesummer months.Paga SixtyTHE NAVYNovambar-Dacambar-January,November-December-January, 1971/72 THE NAVY Page Sixty-one

Best wishes to All Naval Personnel fromWARWICK NURSING HOME(Matron Blundell)49 KING WILLIAM RD.UNLEY, S.A.Telephone: 75-751Seasonal Greetings to all NavalMembers from.. ."CLAREVALE"The popular wines in bulk or bottlesmanufactured in S.A. by:Clarevale Co-operativeWinery Ltd.I.ennon Street, ClareSouth Australia, 5453Telephone: Clare 2244Best Wishes to all Navy Personnel from:TURNERFUNERALSMOTOR• CHAPEl. and • OFFICES76 ANZAC HIGHWAYEVERARD PARK, 5035, S.A.Space sponsored byTelephone: 93-2489J. C. SweeneyLicensed Grocer45 Eitzrov StreetSt. Kilda, Vic.For your ordersTelephone:94-5926 — 94-6087Best Wishes & Season's Greetingsto all Naval Members fromKINNANES"Member of Interflora"FLORISTSFor flowers, wreaths, sheaves, for all occasionsClaridge Arcade, 5a Gawler PlaceAdelaide, S.A. 5000Telephone: 23-5230 for ordersAfter hours: 78-1334Best wishes to all Naval Personnel fromAURORA HOTELI Mine Host: Mrs. H. M. KckcrtlTHE AIR-CONDITIONED. LUXURIANTLOUNGI -BAR GRILL ROOMYour choice of Menu Plus Dclcctahle SaladsThe Best of Choice Steak. SI 60. Marinated Steak$1.50. Steak toOrdcrSI .10Mon. to Fri. 12 noon to 2 p.m. Sat. 12 noon In 2 p.m.E'eniitg Meals 6.00 to H.W182 PIR1E STREET, ADELAIDETelephone: 23-2021ROBIN HOOD INNBLACKTOWN, N.S.W.I Popular Mine Host. JOHN LAZAN AS i• Icy Cold Tooths Beer at Its Best• Popular Snack BarPhone: 622-0205AT YOUR SERVICEFor Your Holiday RequirementsInformation & Bookings: Call or TelephoneHoward Smith Travel CentresSIte): 260 George St 27S6M. Mrlkoorw *22C»Hin,St62 3711. Pert A4daUt: 3 Si 4 1461. Frtau«l«: I Mouall SiToddS 1071: Nrvcarik: 16 Wall SI 24711; Calm: IH AMxn St2115'6. BaHaral: Cnf L>diafd A Mair Sis 2 S462The unit H Q is gradually beingfurther fitted out and LauncestonRotary Club have agreed to considerthe hall as a project in theimmediate future.In June. sub-Lieutenant McMeekin.was presented with his certificate ofappointment to Lieutenant.The unit is preparing to enter ateam — possibly next year — in theDuke of Edinburgh's Ship s Bell Riflecompetition.(sgd ) A J. LEEGREAT BRITAINBritish Sea Cadets Set Sail in theirOwn ShipThe Royalist — Britain's Sea CadetCorps' new 80 ton training brig —sails smartly through the EnglishChannel Valued at 50.000 poundsthe square rigged vessel left Englandrecently on a courtesy visit toCherbourg. France (referphotograph).It is intended that every year theRoyalist will give nearly 1.000 SeaCadets aged from 14-18 years, theopportunity of tough, disciplined seatraining under sail. Designed on thelines of the traditional brig the vesselis made from all wooden materialexcept for the steel hull, terylenesails and aluminium masts. She isequipped with two perkins 6354. sixcylinder engines and the latest innavigation and communicationsequipment, including radar. Britishindustry was generous in donatingmaterials and equipment.There is accommodation for 26Cadets. The sail plan gives a speed ofover 10 knots in all good conditions.Length overall is 76 feet, the beam20 feet and draft 8b feet.NEW SOUTH WALESQuarterly Report of ProceedingsThis report is for the period 1 Julyto 30 September 1971 and coversContinuous Training. WeekendTraining and other activities carriedout by the Naval Reserve Cadets inNew South Wales.Continuous Training was carriedout at Snapper Island from 19-25August for 46 personnel from theSydney Grammar School Unit andPag. Sixty-two THE NAVY NovamtMr-December-January, '2 Nov.mb.r-Dw.mber-January, 1971/72 THE NAVYPag. Sixty-three

CADET FORCE NEWSfrom 23-31 August for a similarnumber from the St. Ives HighSchool Unit. In addition. 6 seniorShip/Establishmentcadets carried out ContinuousTraining at sea on H.M.A.S Stuartfrom 30 June-3 July 1971Weekend Training took place in thefollowing H M A Ships andEstablishments:—DatesNo. ofPersonnelH M AS YARRA 2 4 July 17H M AS MELBOURNE 2 4 July 23H M AS SUPPLY 2-4 July 14H.M.A.S. STALWART 9 11 July 34H MAS MELBOURNE 16-18 July 24H M A.S STALWART 23-25 July 34H M AS PENGUIN 6 8 Aug 23H M A S. STALWART 20-22 Aug 34H MAS SWAN 20-22 Aug 8H.M A S TORRENS 27-29 Aug 22H MAS STALWART 3-5 Sept 34H MAS SWAN 3-5 Sept 7H M AS PENGUIN 3-5 Sept 28H.M.A.S. CURLEW 17-19 Sept 13H M A S. PENGUIN 17-19 Sept 17H.M A S WATSON 17 19 Sept 41H.M.A.S. CURLEW 14-26 Sept 13On Saturday 10 July the Directorof Naval Reserves and Cadets.Captain B L Cleary. RAN. carriedout an inspection of T.S Sirlus (Arncliffe Unit) the ' most efficient" Unitin New South Wales.A small detachment of cadetstook part in the Education WeekMarch held on Tuesday. 17 AugustThe Deputy Senior Officer representedthe Senior Officer at the SalutingBase and also at the EducationDepartment Reception held in theeveningCadets from T.S. Sirlus providedthe Guard at the Legacy SundayChurch Service held at Garden IslandDockyard Chapel on Sunday 29August. The guard was inspected bythe Flag Officer Commanding EastAustralia AreaThe Annual Pulling and SailingRegatta was held on Saturday. 4September with many parents andfriends of cadets in attendance Allcourses were laid off Snapper Islandand the facilities of T.S Sydney weremade available to spectators Themam event of the day was won byT.S SydneyOver 300 officers, instructors andcadets were present at the AnnualChurch Parade held at Garden Islandon Sunday 19 September The Guardand Colour Party were provided byT S Sirlus and T.S Tobruk TheParade was inspected by the FlagOfficer Commanding East AustraliaArea and on completion of theinspection a Church Service washeld in the Dockyard Chapel andMass celebrated in H M A S SydneyAt the conclusion of the Service.Rear Admiral G J B Crabb. C B E .D.S.C.. the Flag Officer CommandingEast Australia Area took thesalute at a march past of the CadetForce.(sgd ) L MACKAY-CRUISE.Commander. R.A.N R..Senior Officer.Nicol Bros.10-20 Weston StreetBALMAIN EAST, N.S.W.Phone: 82-0367 (3 lines)AfterHours:76-9485—86-3225—451-7427Pty. Ltd.ALL CLASSES OFSTEAM. DIESEL AND GENERALENGINEERINGProof Testing and Fabrication.Cargo Gear to 100 TonsDead Weight to 40 TonsApproved by NATAPage Sixty-fourTHE NAVY November-December-January, 1971/72

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