Farming freshwater prawns

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38. Overhead air and water distribution systems 7639. Substrates 7740. Pond with standpipe drain 7741. Transporting postlarvae 7942. Substrate in a larval tank 8143. Large freshwater prawn farm 8644. Pond bottom profiles 8745. Improving pond banks 8846. Angles of pond bank slope 8947. Erosion 8948. Grass on pond banks 8949. Pond banks with integrated agriculture 9050. Increasing dissolved oxygen levels in incoming water 9151. Simple gravel filters 9152. Water distribution system to ponds 9253. Supplying water by gravity 9354. Grass minimizes erosion 9355. Controlling water entry 9456. Outlet structure 9557. Cast netting 9658. Draining 9759. Screening pond outlets 98-9960. Long-tail pump 9961. Long-tail pump being used 9962. Paddlewheel aerator 10063. Long-shaft aerator 10064. Long-shaft aerator in action 10165. Pond sedimentation 10466. Tilling the pond bottom 10567. Juvenile prawns 10668. Acclimatizing prawns before stocking 10769. Releasing prawns during stocking 10870. Weeds invade shallow areas 10871. Close-up of pond substrate 10972. Substrates placed vertically 10973. Substrates placed horizontally 11074. Integrated freshwater prawn farming 11475. Catching wild postlarvae 11676. Feed distribution 12077. Observing feed consumption 12078. Measuring transparency 12279. Simple gravel filter 12380. Protection from overland predators 12381. Large BC Macrobrachium rosenbergii being measured 12782. Relationship between total length and weight 12783. Seining 13184. Double seining 13285. Multiple seining 13386. Sorting prawns 133TABLE OF CONTENTSxi
87. Keeping market-sized prawns alive during harvesting 13388. Keeping prawns in peak condition 13489. Checking prawn health 13490. Internal harvesting sump 13491. Harvesting with an internal sump 13592. Cull-harvesting 13593. Catching the last few prawns by hand 13694. Bird predation 13695. Kill-chilling harvested prawns 13796. Sorting during processing 13897. Packaging prawns attractively 13898. Recently harvested prawns 13999. Advertising freshwater prawns at the farm gate 143100. Selling prawns in a supermarket 144FRESHWATER PRAWNSxii
Page 1 and 2: Farming freshwater prawnsA manual f
Page 3 and 4: The designations employed and the p
Page 5 and 6: abstractTHE ORIGINAL MANUAL on fres
Page 7 and 8: table of contentsABSTRACTPREFACEINT
Page 9 and 10: Feed type 114Measuring feed efficie
Page 11: 17. Measuring soil pH 10618. Reason
Page 15 and 16: major subject of cultivation becaus
Page 17 and 18: has little relevance, especially be
Page 19 and 20: (zoeae) are just under 2 mm long (f
Page 21 and 22: TABLE1Body segments (somites) in Ma
Page 23 and 24: Figure 5The major malemorphotypes o
Page 25 and 26: tions, where a breeding stock of bo
Page 27 and 28: most hatcheries operated on flow-th
Page 29 and 30: BOX 1Removal of iron and manganeseW
Page 31 and 32: TABLE 3Artificial brackishwater (12
Page 33 and 34: TABLE 4Diluting seawater and brine
Page 35 and 36: mentally cultured at up to 10 ppt;
Page 37 and 38: cal quality and its lack of predato
Page 39 and 40: CHOOSING YOUR SITE: SOIL CHARACTERI
Page 41 and 42: such as fertilizers and equipment.
Page 43 and 44: perate (usually originating from st
Page 45 and 46: 3.2 Holding your broodstock in temp
Page 47 and 48: ing system that consists of a 300 L
Page 49 and 50: 4CHAPTERHatchery phaseALL FRESHWATE
Page 51 and 52: SOURCE: HASSANAI KONGKEOand dust. T
Page 53 and 54: FIGURE17This shows the water flow t
Page 55 and 56: Figure 21The water inthese larvalta
Page 57 and 58: FIGURE24Turn-down drains are the be
Page 59 and 60: FIGURE26Installing a ring main air
Page 61 and 62: Figure 28Power supplies arenot alwa
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Water dischargeYou should take care
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is recommended. The volume of these
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then multiply to cope with the nitr
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Regular monitoringof larval waterqu
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initial stocking rates shown inBox
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Recommendations forgood larval wate
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FIGURE35Many of the larvae that go
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TABLE 8Hatchery feeding scheduleLAR
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ing to avoid BSN leaving the tank.
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TABLE10The major diseases known to
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Notes on potential disease problems
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FIGURE36aA method of evaluating the
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occurred). You are therefore recomm
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5CHAPTERPostlarval holdingand nurse
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Figure 39Substrates can beused in n
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FIGURE41Postlarvae in plastic bags
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pH and temperature of the rearing f
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It is difficult to recommend exact
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6CHAPTERGrow-out phaseFRESHWATER PR
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FIGURE44ponds may become low enough
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FIGURE46Pond banks should have the
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FIGURE50The dissolved oxygen levels
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Figure 53Where thetopography of the
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Figure 56The outletstructure,someti
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Figure 58This freshwaterprawn pondh
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FIGURE59 cont.CROSS SECTIONSOURCE:
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Figure 64Long-shaftaeratorin action
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there is only a single stocking), t
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TABLE16Lime requirements for treati
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semi-intensive stocking rates vary
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Keeping rootedplants out ofyour pon
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advantages obtained in temperate cu
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Polyculture of freshwater prawnswit
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only increases the availability of
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Using water-stable feeds provides y
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MEASURING FEED EFFICIENCYYou should
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Example of feeding ratefor freshwat
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allowed to become too low and there
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found to be hosts for the bopyrid i
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Figure 81A large BCMacrobrachiumros
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7CHAPTERHarvesting andpost-harvest
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FIGURE83You can cull-harvest your p
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FIGURE85Larger ponds may also be cu
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Figure 91HarvestingMacrobrachiumros
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(Figure 95). To kill a batch of 50
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described earlier in this manual) a
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Once the prawns arrive at the point
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properly. They should also be displ
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ANNEX 1, Figures 1-12Macrobrachium
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4ANNEXSource, hatching andenrichmen
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The nutritional quality and physica
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decapsulation improves the energy c
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starved versus enriched BSN. Lavens
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1ANNEX 4TABLEDetermining hatching p
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4ANNEX 4TABLE Hydrating and decapsu
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7ANNEX 4TABLE1. Set up the hatching
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grades the particles and washes the
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2. Stock estimation when postlarvae
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animal, particularly within the gil
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ANNEX 7 FIGURE1The size of the mesh
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8ANNEXSize managementAS MENTIONED I
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2. BehaviourThe behavioural charact
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ANNEX 8 FIGURE3Changing the stockin
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ANNEX 8 FIGURE4Orange claw (OC) and
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9ANNEXFarm-made pond feedsTHIS ANNE
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ANNEX 9, Figure 3Farm-made feedsnee
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4ANNEX 9TABLEFarm-made grow-outfeed
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which the requirements are applied.
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Carapace:Caridean:Cephalon:Chela:Ch
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Genital pores:Gill chamber:Greenwat
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Puddling:Rostrum:Salinity:Sequester
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ConversionsTHIS SECTION OF THE ANNE
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Financial considerationsSOME COMMEN
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ReferencesAlston, D.E. & Sampaio, C
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Fujimura, T. & Okamoto, H. 1972. No
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New, M.B., Singholka, S. & Vorasaya
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This new manual, which replaces an
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Farming freshwater prawns

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