oil content and physicochemical characteristics of oils

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5.1. Seed oil content of plants species ...……………………………………………….……. 42 5.2. Physicochemical characteristics of oils ..........................................................................… 43 5.2.1. Specific gravity ……. ....…………………………………………………………….….. 43 5.2.2. Melting point.....……………………………………………………………………..… 44 5.2.3. Saponification value ....…..…………………………………………………………..… 45 5.2.4. Oil unsaponifiable matter content...………………………………….………..……..… 45 5.2.5. Oil acidity …………………………………………………………...……………....... 47 5.3. Plant oil fatty acid composition ...…..……………………………………………..…… 48 5.3.1. α-linolenic acid .........................……………………………………………………… 48 5.3.2. Linoleic acid …………………………………………………………………............. 48 5.3.3. Oleic acid …………………………………………….....…………………………… 49 5.3.4. Saturated fatty acids …….. ....……………………………………………………….... 50 5.3.5. Unsaturated fatty acids …….. ...………….………………………………………….. 50 5.3.6. Omega–6 (ω-6) and Omega–3 (ω-3) fatty acids …….………………………………. 51 5.3.7. Long Chain Fatty acids and Chemotaxonomy Relevant ……………………………… 51 CHAPTER SIX: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ……………………. 54 8
6.1. Conclusions ……………………………………………………………………………. 54 6.2. Recommendations ……………………………………………………………………… 56 REFERENCES ………………. ………………….………………………………………… 58 APPENDICES ………………………………………….……………………..…..……… 69 Appendix 1: Analysis of variance of seed oil content and physicochemical characteristics of oils from plant species obtained from Kahuzi-Biega National Park and the surrounding areas in D.R. Congo ………………………………………………………………………………… 69 Appendix 2: Gas Chromatogram of fatty acids methyl esthers of oils from plant species obtained from Kahuzi-Biega National Park and the surrounding areas in D.R. Congo …… 70 9
Page 1 and 2: OIL CONTENT AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHA
Page 3 and 4: DEDICATION To my wife Esther MUSHIY
Page 5 and 6: TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION...…
Page 7: 3.2.2. Plant seed oil content deter
Page 11 and 12: LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Location
Page 13 and 14: ABSTRACT Many important plant speci
Page 15 and 16: 1.1. Background CHAPTER ONE INTRODU
Page 17 and 18: Kabele et al. (1975) analyzed FAs f
Page 19 and 20: 2.1. Oil and fat structure CHAPTER
Page 21 and 22: (Dawodu, 2009; Ferris et al., 2001)
Page 23 and 24: 2.3.4. Unsaponifiable matter The Un
Page 25 and 26: There are two families of polyunsat
Page 27 and 28: 2.2.6.2. Fatty acid composition of
Page 29 and 30: 2.4. A review of wild oil plants th
Page 31 and 32: 2.4.5. Millettia dura Dunn (Fabacea
Page 33 and 34: 2.4.9. Podocarpus usambarensis Pilg
Page 35 and 36: Table 5: Review of oil fatty acid o
Page 37 and 38: Figure 1: Location of sampling site
Page 39 and 40: 3.2.1.1. Extraction procedure descr
Page 41 and 42: 3.2.3. Determination of physical an
Page 43 and 44: 3.2.3.4. Percentage of unsaponifiab
Page 45 and 46: Table 7: Chromatographic Equipment
Page 47 and 48: 4.1. Plant seed oil content CHAPTER
Page 49 and 50: Table 9: Melting point ranges of oi
Page 51 and 52: % Unsaponif. matter 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5
Page 53 and 54: Table 10: Fatty acid (FA) compositi
Page 55 and 56: Table 11: Saturated FAs, Monounsatu
Page 57 and 58: (1944). For Carapa procera there ar
Page 59 and 60:
(1944) had reported melting range o
Page 61 and 62:
those of Pentaclethra macrophylla a
Page 63 and 64:
About Myrianthus holstii, the curre
Page 65 and 66:
5.3.6. Omega-6 (ω-6) and Omega-3 (
Page 67 and 68:
In Cardiospermum halicacabum seed o
Page 69 and 70:
• Carapa procera seed oil rich in
Page 71 and 72:
• Further investigations on Cardi
Page 73 and 74:
AOCS. (1993). Official methods and
Page 75 and 76:
CSGNetwork.com. Online, www.csgnetw
Page 77 and 78:
ICRAF. (2008). A tree species refer
Page 79 and 80:
Nawar, W.W. (1996). Lipids. In Fenn
Page 81 and 82:
StasoSphere. (2007). Determination
Page 83 and 84:
APPENDICES: Appendix 1: Analysis of
Page 85 and 86:
Appendix 2: Gas Chromatogram of fat
Page 87 and 88:
Page 89:
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