Marxism and Problems of Linguistics - From Marx to Mao

nationalism and separatism in the Russian working-class movement. TheBundist bourgeois-nationalist standpoint was sternly repudiated by Iskra,newspaper founded by Lenin. p. 187 V. I. Lenin, “The Right of Nations to Self-Determination,” SelectedWorks in Two Volumes, Eng. ed., Moscow, 1952, Vol. I, Part 2. pp. 318-19.p. 198 J. V. Stalin, “The National Question and Leninism,” Works, Eng. ed.,Moscow, 1954, Vol. 11, p. 353. p. 199 Arakcheyev regime, named after the reactionary politician CountArakcheyev, was an unrestrained dictatorial police state, warlord despotismand brutal rule enforced in Russia in the first quarter of the 19thcentury. Stalin uses the term here to indicate Marr’s overriding dominationin Soviet linguistic circles. p. 3010 Four-element analysis — Marr asserted that pronunciation of mankind’sprimitive language was evolved from the four syllables sal, ber, yonand rosh. p. 3211 “Proto-language” theory — the doctrine of the Indo-European schoolwhich holds that a linguistic family consists of a group of patois (dialects),split from a common primitive “parent language.” For example, modernItalian, French, Spanish, Portuguese and Romanian are sister languagesderived from Latin, and were originally only different patois. However,as there is no documentary evidence for the existence of a “parent language”of most of the dialects or languages, the Indo-European scholarshave worked out a hypothetical “parent language,” their main aim beingto facilitate explanation of the rules of phonetic changes, but there is noway to prove the extent of the truth. p. 3212 Karl Marx and Frederick Engels, Works, Ger. ed., Berlin, 1958,Vol. 3, pp. 432 and 430. p. 3555