FOTP 2013 Full Report

violently assaulted during the year. In August, opposition journalist Ularbek Baitailak wasattacked outside his home near Astana. After beating him, his assailants left him for dead andcovered his body with stones in a symbolic burial. A few days earlier, Maksim Kartashov, theeditor in chief of the sports magazine Hokkey Kazakhstana, was attacked at the entrance of hisapartment. He said the incident could have been connected to his reporting on corruption inKazakhstan’s ice hockey federation.Major broadcast media, especially national television networks, are partly or whollyowned by the state or by members or associates of the president’s family. According to thegovernment, there are 250 television and radio stations in the country. The president’s daughterDariga and her husband own the influential Khabar Agency, which runs several televisionchannels. Government oversight extends to the country’s broadcast transmission facilities.Kazakh law limits rebroadcasts of foreign-produced programming to 20 percent of a station’stotal airtime, overburdening smaller stations that are unable to develop their own programs.There are well over a thousand daily and weekly newspapers in Kazakhstan. As with thebroadcast media, many of them are either run by the government or controlled by groups orindividuals associated with the president, and do not carry critical content. The governmentcontrols all of the country’s printing presses, and with advertising revenue in short supply,private print media are often forced to rely on state subsidies.The internet was accessed by 53 percent of the population in 2012. The government has adoptedthe internet and social media for its own use, while moving to restrict internet freedom forindependent outlets. The government holds a majority stake in the largest service provider,Kazakhtelecom, which controls 70 percent of the internet market.KenyaStatus: Partly FreeLegal Environment: 16Political Environment: 20Economic Environment: 17Total Score: 53Survey Edition 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012Total Score, Status 60,PF 60,PF 57,PF 54,PF 52,PFIn 2012, the Kenyan media continued to live up to their traditional reputation for vibrant andcritical reporting, despite cases of threats and intimidation outside the capital, Nairobi. Articles33 and 34 of the 2010 constitution have been widely praised for expanding freedoms ofexpression and of the press, specifically by prohibiting the state from interfering with theeditorial independence of individual journalists as well as both state-owned and private mediaoutlets. The constitution binds Kenya to a series of international and regional legal instrumentsregarding free expression, including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the AfricanCharter on Human and People’s Rights. While the constitution does contain potential curbs onpress freedom with regard to privacy, incitement, hate speech, and antigovernment propagandain times of war, they are not as severe as those in the previous constitution.Despite the adoption of the 2010 constitution, several anachronistic laws that curtail press228