FOTP 2013 Full Report

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Rank <strong>2013</strong> Country Rating StatusLebanon 53 Partly FreeMalawi 53 Partly FreeMoldova 53 Partly Free118 Maldives 55 Partly FreeUganda 55 Partly Free120 Congo (Brazzaville) 56 Partly FreeFiji 56 Partly FreeLiberia 56 Partly FreeMacedonia 56 Partly FreeSeychelles 56 Partly FreeTurkey 56 Partly Free126 Bhutan 58 Partly FreeNepal 58 Partly Free128 Guatemala 59 Partly FreeKuwait 59 Partly FreeLibya 59 Partly Free131 South Sudan 60 Partly FreeUkraine 60 Partly FreeZambia 60 Partly Free134 Algeria 61 Not FreeArmenia 61 Not FreeCôte d’Ivoire 61 Not FreeEcuador 61 Not FreeMexico 61 Not FreeParaguay 61 Not Free140 Central African Republic 62 Not FreeEgypt 62 Not FreeGuinea 62 Not FreeHonduras 62 Not FreeThailand 62 Not Free145 Jordan 63 Not Free146 Malaysia 64 Not FreePakistan 64 Not Free148 Guinea-Bissau 65 Not Free149 Cambodia 66 Not FreeCameroon 66 Not FreeMadagascar 66 Not FreeMorocco 66 Not Free153 Afghanistan 67 Not Free39
Rank <strong>2013</strong> Country Rating StatusIraq 67 Not FreeQatar 67 Not FreeSingapore 67 Not Free157 Angola 68 Not Free158 Kyrgyzstan 69 Not Free159 Togo 70 Not Free160 Gabon 71 Not FreeOman 71 Not Free162 Burma 72 Not FreeBurundi 72 Not Free164 Djibouti 74 Not FreeSri Lanka 74 Not FreeUnited Arab Emirates 74 Not Free167 Brunei 75 Not Free168 Chad 76 Not FreeVenezuela 76 Not Free170 Swaziland 77 Not FreeZimbabwe 77 Not Free172 Tajikistan 79 Not FreeYemen 79 Not Free174 Rwanda 80 Not FreeSudan 80 Not Free176 Russia 81 Not Free177 Azerbaijan 82 Not FreeEthiopia 82 Not Free179 China 83 Not FreeCongo (Kinshasa) 83 Not FreeThe Gambia 83 Not Free182 Kazakhstan 84 Not FreeLaos 84 Not FreeSaudi Arabia 84 Not FreeSomalia 84 Not FreeVietnam 84 Not FreeWest Bank and Gaza Strip 84 Not Free188 Bahrain 86 Not Free189 Syria 88 Not Free190 Equatorial Guinea 91 Not Free191 Cuba 92 Not FreeIran 92 Not Free40
Page 1 and 2: Freedom of the Press 2013Middle Eas
Page 3 and 4: Freedom of the Press ContributorsAn
Page 5 and 6: European studies and a postgraduate
Page 7 and 8: Oxford, where his work focused on B
Page 9 and 10: master’s degree in journalism and
Page 11 and 12: Hamburg, she is the project coordin
Page 13 and 14: Dan Caspi is a professor and former
Page 15 and 16: WNYC, and WBAI, and previously work
Page 18 and 19: MethodologyThe 2013 index, which pr
Page 20 and 21: CHECKLIST OF METHODOLOGY QUESTIONS
Page 22 and 23: 7. Are media regulatory bodies, suc
Page 24 and 25: • Are journalists harassed while
Page 26 and 27: • Are pay levels for journalists
Page 28 and 29: now rated Partly Free due to instan
Page 30 and 31: media environments. The regional av
Page 32 and 33: Other countries in the region exper
Page 34 and 35: Across the Arabian Peninsula, gover
Page 36: advertising market contracted and a
Page 39: Rank 2013 Country Rating StatusSerb
Page 43: AMERICASRank 2013 Country Rating St
Page 46: Rank 2013 Country Rating Status37 C
Page 49 and 50: MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICARank 20
Page 53 and 54: Global DataYear UnderReviewGlobal T
Page 58: Countries with a Net Annual Change
Page 61 and 62: Afghanistan has yet to pass a freed
Page 63 and 64: February set limits on financial pe
Page 65: which are entirely state owned, bro
Page 69: with the Observer, and the company
Page 72 and 73: Hraparak, whose property had been s
Page 74 and 75: Responsibilities. In 2006, Australi
Page 76 and 77: accused by Heinz-Christian Strache,
Page 78 and 79: to pay court-ordered damages in a 2
Page 80 and 81: hands of the government and its all
Page 82 and 83: newspapers tended to avoid covering
Page 84 and 85: The Ministry of Information control
Page 86 and 87: Belarus’s media environment remai
Page 88 and 89: nationwide, and the content of smal
Page 90 and 91:
other media outlets display a parti
Page 92 and 93:
Economic Environment: 20Total Score
Page 94 and 95:
organizations can face sanctions ev
Page 96 and 97:
independent, and its licensing deci
Page 98 and 99:
appeal that reversed a prior defama
Page 100 and 101:
not exempt from disclosure. However
Page 102 and 103:
Under current press legislation, ne
Page 104 and 105:
Many traditional media outlets have
Page 106 and 107:
The 2008 constitution provides for
Page 108 and 109:
YouTube—have grown in popularity.
Page 110 and 111:
threatening to political stability.
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to 15 years in prison. These journa
Page 114 and 115:
journalists could face prison sente
Page 116 and 117:
FM radio stations broadcast regular
Page 118 and 119:
Chad’s constitution allows for fr
Page 120 and 121:
and financial uncertainty. Further,
Page 122 and 123:
journalists were killed. The author
Page 124 and 125:
However, this robust censorship sys
Page 126 and 127:
Gong practitioners have been impris
Page 128 and 129:
deletions. The role of online sourc
Page 130 and 131:
trial of Ferney Tabasco, a former c
Page 132 and 133:
exploded, killing at least 150 peop
Page 134 and 135:
interview with Jean-Marie Runiga, a
Page 136 and 137:
Legal Environment: 17Political Envi
Page 138 and 139:
Ouattara forces’ eventual success
Page 140 and 141:
Status: Not FreeLegal Environment:
Page 142 and 143:
Economic Environment: 9Total Score:
Page 144 and 145:
operating at the national level: on
Page 146 and 147:
Radio (DR), which operates two gene
Page 148 and 149:
Political Environment: 20Economic E
Page 150 and 151:
comfortable with its actual practic
Page 152 and 153:
the newspaper El Comercio that some
Page 154 and 155:
interrupted her program to criticiz
Page 156 and 157:
Although the Morsi government issue
Page 158 and 159:
Despite the trend of media polariza
Page 160 and 161:
In a victory over impunity for past
Page 162 and 163:
Total Score, Status 94,NF 94,NF 94,
Page 164 and 165:
Scandinavian business interests tak
Page 166 and 167:
including online news portals such
Page 168 and 169:
government monitored private e-mail
Page 170 and 171:
officers. In another case, the Euro
Page 172 and 173:
Page 174 and 175:
Despite a 2005 press law that guara
Page 176 and 177:
stations would no longer require a
Page 178 and 179:
The media do not have a high degree
Page 180 and 181:
other provisions of the law are des
Page 182 and 183:
esult of the economic crisis; and a
Page 184 and 185:
and the corresponding political tur
Page 186 and 187:
journalists. In July, photojournali
Page 188 and 189:
and shortwave radio. The government
Page 190 and 191:
critical article, and obtained a pr
Page 192 and 193:
privacy, prohibition of discriminat
Page 194 and 195:
protection for media personnel. Vil
Page 196 and 197:
sensitive on the mainland, rather t
Page 198 and 199:
HungaryStatus: Partly FreeLegal Env
Page 200 and 201:
years. After Autórádió’s bid w
Page 202 and 203:
an on reporting that might encourag
Page 204 and 205:
means to make requests more onerous
Page 206 and 207:
Page 208 and 209:
media outlets openly reflecting the
Page 210 and 211:
systematic controls on the internet
Page 212 and 213:
Throughout 2012, the government mad
Page 214 and 215:
internet access one of the lowest i
Page 216 and 217:
usiness interests in other industri
Page 218 and 219:
struggles to preserve the broadcast
Page 220 and 221:
prime minister Silvio Berlusconi to
Page 222 and 223:
government. Direct and indirect sub
Page 224 and 225:
May 2012 against a freelance invest
Page 226 and 227:
would extend the right of access to
Page 228 and 229:
In January 2012, President Nursulta
Page 230 and 231:
freedom remain on the books. The 19
Page 232 and 233:
corruption, and financial pressure.
Page 234 and 235:
protections to the media, it prohib
Page 236 and 237:
guaranteed in the Kyrgyz constituti
Page 238 and 239:
country’s leading newspaper publi
Page 240 and 241:
shows. The program was temporarily
Page 242 and 243:
Lebanon Internet Regulation Act (LI
Page 244 and 245:
The government generally respects f
Page 246 and 247:
elated to national security. Howeve
Page 248 and 249:
In the absence of clear rules regar
Page 250 and 251:
Total Score, Status 14,F 14,F 14,F
Page 252 and 253:
MacedoniaStatus: Partly FreeLegal E
Page 254 and 255:
Page 256 and 257:
The amendment had been signed into
Page 258 and 259:
Status: Not FreeLegal Environment:
Page 260 and 261:
usiness interests often lead to sel
Page 262 and 263:
has increased to at least six in re
Page 264 and 265:
incidents indicated an intentional
Page 266 and 267:
The active independent media sector
Page 268 and 269:
MauritiusStatus: FreeLegal Environm
Page 270 and 271:
from the Mexico City Human Rights C
Page 272 and 273:
Press freedom remained stable in 20
Page 274 and 275:
2012 and the nine-month search to r
Page 276 and 277:
international business and finance
Page 278 and 279:
Legal Environment: 24Political Envi
Page 280 and 281:
Mozambique’s revised 2004 constit
Page 282 and 283:
Act serves to limit the information
Page 284 and 285:
projects, and parliamentary decisio
Page 286 and 287:
November 2012, the ECHR reinforced
Page 288 and 289:
in an attempt to fill the gap. Ther
Page 290 and 291:
eplaced prison sentences with fines
Page 292 and 293:
noncompliant journalists. The counc
Page 294 and 295:
the border. Since 2009, Reporters W
Page 296 and 297:
major companies dominating the prin
Page 298 and 299:
forces, the judiciary, and religion
Page 300 and 301:
targeted Shiite Muslims. No arrests
Page 302 and 303:
2008, libel and slander against hig
Page 304 and 305:
of PNGFM radio when he requested an
Page 306 and 307:
Paraguayan People’s Army (EPP) gu
Page 308 and 309:
was himself murdered. In May, a cou
Page 310 and 311:
unit, as well as the Melo Commissio
Page 312 and 313:
January 2012, the KRRiT refused to
Page 314 and 315:
Total Score: 67Survey Edition 2008
Page 316 and 317:
The private media sector is dominat
Page 318 and 319:
Yefimov, a blogger and opposition a
Page 320 and 321:
tone down their news coverage in pu
Page 322 and 323:
No murders were reported during 201
Page 324 and 325:
Sao Tome and PrincipeStatus: FreeLe
Page 326 and 327:
Internet penetration in Saudi Arabi
Page 328 and 329:
safety, and foreign affairs, among
Page 330 and 331:
esulted in its license being revoke
Page 332 and 333:
information’s accuracy. The Sierr
Page 334 and 335:
Lee Hsien Loong, his wife, Ho Ching
Page 336 and 337:
Trnka announced in February 2012 th
Page 338 and 339:
media and supervises the implementa
Page 340 and 341:
Political Environment: 35Economic E
Page 342 and 343:
system of arbitration, although jud
Page 344 and 345:
subject to significant restrictions
Page 346 and 347:
While freedom of the press is guara
Page 348 and 349:
from harassment by state officials,
Page 350 and 351:
Security and Cooperation in Europe
Page 352 and 353:
majority, in violation of its previ
Page 354 and 355:
Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA)
Page 356 and 357:
SurinameStatus: FreeLegal Environme
Page 358 and 359:
was generally observed. Also in Jan
Page 360 and 361:
Political Environment: 3Economic En
Page 362 and 363:
epresentatives who determined what
Page 364 and 365:
students, journalists, and social a
Page 366 and 367:
the PTS after she was removed by it
Page 368 and 369:
had published a piece on corruption
Page 370 and 371:
Channel Ten reporter Munir Zakaria
Page 372 and 373:
have remained on the website, despi
Page 374 and 375:
While imprisonment for defamation w
Page 376 and 377:
planned to restart a weekly English
Page 378 and 379:
freedom opened considerably under t
Page 380 and 381:
demonstration in defiance of a ban
Page 382 and 383:
creating propaganda on behalf of a
Page 384 and 385:
additional 19 individuals charged i
Page 386 and 387:
television broadcaster was permitte
Page 388 and 389:
provision is frequently overlooked
Page 390 and 391:
sentence that was imposed in 2011 f
Page 392 and 393:
marred by procedural violations and
Page 394 and 395:
Corporation (BBC), and Agence Franc
Page 396 and 397:
Parliament in December 2009, attrac
Page 398 and 399:
death threat from the Ulster Defenc
Page 400 and 401:
The United States adopted the Freed
Page 402 and 403:
sized cities has been affected by e
Page 404 and 405:
Total Score, Status 92,NF 93,NF 92,
Page 406 and 407:
VenezuelaStatus: Not FreeLegal Envi
Page 408 and 409:
found that 61 percent of these inci
Page 410 and 411:
The CPV generally views the media a
Page 412 and 413:
to practice self-censorship. Securi
Page 414 and 415:
to handle cases of national securit
Page 416 and 417:
press freedom, and has targeted cri
Page 418 and 419:
import duties and taxes), printing,
Page 420 and 421:
have fled the country, mostly to So
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