Araceae (PDF)

22ARACEAEcid, 20–50 × 0.5–1.2 cm, somewhat undulate to almost smooth.Emergent leaves shorter and rather smooth compared to submergedones. Spathe with a long tube (15–)20–30 cm; limbwith a rather long, open spiral, usually grayish, mostly withshorter or longer purplish markings of varying intensities. Fl.Dec–Apr. 2n = 36.Rivers, streams. Guangxi [Thailand, Vietnam].Hapale Schott.14. HAPALINE Schott, Gen. Aroid. 44. 1858, nom. cons.细 柄 芋 属 xi bing yu shuLi Heng ( 李 恒 Li Hen); Peter C. BoyceHerbs, seasonally dormant or evergreen, small to medium sized, slender. Stems tuberous-stoloniferous with stolons terminatingin further small, depressed-globose tubers. Leaves usually solitary, or few; petiole sheath short; leaf blade pale to deep green with orwithout silvery or paler variegation, cordate-sagittate, sagittate, or hastate, rarely elliptic and cuneate, primary lateral veins pinnate ormostly arising at petiole insertion, forming arching submarginal collective vein, 1 or 2 marginal veins also present; higher ordervenation reticulate. Inflorescences 1–5 per each floral sympodium, appearing with leaf; peduncle subequal to or longer than petioles,slender. Spathe slender, not distinctly constricted; tube persistent, very slender, tightly convolute around female flowers; limb erect toreflexed and ± revolute at anthesis, oblong-lanceolate, longer than tube, marcescent. Spadix subequal to or longer than spathe,slender; female zone adnate to spathe, few flowered (2–7), ± biseriate, separated from male zone by short sterile zone; male zonesubulate to cylindric, fertile to apex or with a few sterile flowers at apex or with a long, terminal appendix [Hapaline appendiculataRidley]. Flowers unisexual, naked. Gynoecium oblong to lageniform; ovary 1-loculed; ovule 1, anatropous; funicle very short; placentaparietal to subbasal (morphologically basal); stylar region very short; stigma subcapitate. Male flowers 3-androus; synandriumpeltate, truncate, hexagonal, elongated in direction of spadix axis, shallow, stipitate; connective strongly dilated; thecae remote, subglobose,short, almost pendent from margin, dehiscing by pore; synandrodes with proximal ones very few, ± remote, apiculiform;distal ones very few, consisting of tiny, peltate synandrodes. Fruit an ellipsoid to globose berry; style persistent; pericarp thin, 1-seeded, white. Seed ellipsoid; testa smooth, very thin; embryo light green, ellipsoid, large; endosperm absent.Six species: SE Asia; one species (endemic) in China.1. Hapaline ellipticifolium C. Y. Wu & H. Li, Acta Phytotax.Sin. 15(2): 104. 1977.细 柄 芋 xi bing yuHerbs, perennial. Tuber cylindric, 1–2 cm × ca. 5 mm,with many tubercles. Cataphylls lanceolate, 3–4 cm, membranous.Leaves 2 or 3; leaf blade oblong-elliptic, 10–17 × 5–8.5 cm, base 2-lobed, apex abruptly acuminate; lobes deltoid,2–4 × 1–3 cm; primary veins multiple, pinnately diverging frommidrib, secondary venation arching-anastomosing, intramarginalveins 3, conspicuous. Peduncles 2 or 3, 18–30 cm, veryslender; cataphylls ca. 8 cm. Spathe ca. 5 cm; tube convolute,ca. 2 cm × 1–2 mm; limb spreading and finely reflexed, lanceolate,ca. 8 cm × 8 mm. Spadix ca. 4.5 cm; female zone ca. 1.5cm, adnate to tube of spadix; ovaries 4–12, oblong, multistriate,1-loculed, 1-ovuled; stigma disciform; sterile zone betweenmale and female inflorescences ca. 7 mm, naked; male zone ca.1.5 cm; male flowers peltate, hexagonal, apex ca. 5 mm; sterilemale zone at apex of spadix ca. 7 mm, with minute synandrodes.Fl. Apr.● Tropical forest; ca. 300 m. SE Yunnan (Hekou).15. AGLAONEMA Schott, Wiener Z. Kunst 1829: 892. 1829.广 东 万 年 青 属 guang dong wan nian qing shuLi Heng ( 李 恒 Li Hen); Peter C. BoyceHerbs, evergreen, sometimes robust. Stem epigeal, erect to decumbent and mostly unbranched or creeping and often branched,internodes green, becoming brown with age, smooth, often rooting at nodes when decumbent. Leaves several, forming an apicalcrown; petiole shorter than leaf blade, sheath usually long; leaf blade often with striking, silvery and pale green variegated patterns,ovate-elliptic or narrowly elliptic, rarely broadly ovate or sublinear, base often unequal, attenuate to rounded, rarely cordate; primarylateral veins pinnate, often weakly differentiated, running into marginal vein, higher order venation parallel-pinnate. Inflorescences1–9 per each floral sympodium; peduncle shorter or longer than petioles, sometimes deflexed in fruit. Spathe caducous, persistent, ormarcescent, erect, green to whitish, boat-shaped to convolute, not differentiated into tube and blade, ovate to ± globose, slightly tostrongly decurrent, often apiculate. Spadix cylindric to clavate, shorter or longer than spathe, stipe long to almost absent; female zonerather few flowered, either separated by staminodes or contiguous with, and much shorter than, male zone; male zone fertile to apex,rarely with staminodes basally. Flowers unisexual, naked. Female flowers: ovary subglobose, 1-loculed; ovule 1, anatropous, broadlyovoid; funicle very short; placenta basal; stylar region short, thick; stigma broad, disciform, concave centrally. Male flowers: stamensfree, not forming clear floral groups; filaments usually distinct, connective thickened; thecae opposite, obovoid, short, dehiscing by