Special-Uses-Alkali - Expanded Shale & Clay

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TABLE OF CONTENTS1. INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................11.1. Background.....................................................................................................................11.2. Scope and Objective of the Study...................................................................................12. LITERATURE REVIEW RELEVANT TO CDOT PRACTICE..........................................32.1. ASR Research and Mitigation Implementation..............................................................32.2. Private Industry Metakaolin Research............................................................................62.3. Technical Journal <strong>Alkali</strong>-Silica Reaction Research......................................................113. METAKAOLIN SPECIFICATIONS BY STATE DOTS...................................................133.1. Florida...........................................................................................................................133.2. Illinois...........................................................................................................................143.3. Montana........................................................................................................................143.4. Nebraska.......................................................................................................................143.5. Nevada..........................................................................................................................143.6. New York.....................................................................................................................143.7. North Carolina..............................................................................................................153.8. Oregon..........................................................................................................................153.9. Pennsylvania.................................................................................................................153.10. Texas...........................................................................................................................163.11. Utah.............................................................................................................................163.12. Wisconsin....................................................................................................................164. PRODUCT MATERIAL EXPANSION TESTS.................................................................174.1. Baseline Aggregate Tests..............................................................................................174.2. Class F Fly Ash Material Tests.....................................................................................174.3. Metakaolin Products......................................................................................................194.4. Additional Products.......................................................................................................215. CONCRETE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES............................................................................225.1. Baseline CDOT Mix Design.........................................................................................225.2. Fly Ash Mixes...............................................................................................................235.3. Metakaolin Products......................................................................................................245.4. Additional Products.......................................................................................................256. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS...............................................................286.1. Conclusions....................................................................................................................286.2. Recommendations..........................................................................................................287. REFERENCES......................................................................................................................29vi
APPENDICESAPPENDIX A – STATE METAKAOLIN SPECIFICATIONS...............................................A-1APPENDIX B – FMC-EUCLID CHEMICAL ADDITIONAL TESTING RESULTS............B-1APPENDIX C – MORTAR BAR EXPANSION TEST RESULTS.........................................C-1APPENDIX D – TXI LIGHTWEIGHT SAND ADDITIONAL TESTING RESULTS...........D-1APPENDIX E – MIX DESIGN INFORMATION....................................................................E-1LIST OF FIGURESFigure 1. TXI Volumetric comparison.....................................................................................D-1LIST OF TABLESTable 1. MetaMax compressive strength results.........................................................................8Table 2. KAOROCK properties..................................................................................................9Table 3. KAOROCK ion penetrability......................................................................................10Table 4. KAOROCK expansions...............................................................................................10Table 5. Metakaolin additional specifications...........................................................................16Table 6. Mix design summary...................................................................................................26vii
Page 1 and 2: Report No. CDOT-2008-10Final Report
Page 3 and 4: 1. Report No.CDOT-2008-10Technical
Page 5 and 6: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThe staff at J.A. C
Page 7: Materials other than either Class N
Page 11 and 12: CP-L 4202 1 . Once the effectivenes
Page 13 and 14: 1. Lowering the pH of the concrete
Page 15 and 16: Recently, different cement manufact
Page 17 and 18: metakaolin, an 8% replacement of ce
Page 19 and 20: Table 3. KAOROCK ion penetrability.
Page 21 and 22: educe its amount in the cement past
Page 23 and 24: 3.2. IllinoisThe Illinois Departmen
Page 25 and 26: eplacement of portland cement shoul
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Page 29 and 30: and 0.03% respectively at 14 days.
Page 31 and 32: 5. CONCRETE PHYSICAL PROPERTIESAll
Page 33 and 34: 5.3. Metakaolin ProductsAll of the
Page 35 and 36: 5.4.1. HolcimThe GranCem product fr
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Page 39 and 40: 13. Nasvik, Joe. “Using Metakaoli
Page 41 and 42: note 4 Silicon dioxide (SiO2) plus
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Special-Uses-Alkali - Expanded Shale & Clay

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