MBB 601 Advances in Plant Molecular Biology 3+ ... - TNAU Genomics

BiotechnologyCourse Code Course Title Credit hoursMajor (15 Credits)MBB 601 Advances in Plant Molecular Biology 3+0MBB 602 Advances in Genetic Engineering 3+0MBB 603 Advances in Microbial Biotechnology 3+0MBB 604* Advances in Crop Biotechnology 2+0MBB 605 Advances in Functional Genomics and Proteomics 2+0MBB 606 Commercial Plant Tissue Culture 2+0Minor (8 Credits)PBG 604 Cellular and chromosomal manipulations in crop improvement 2+1CRP 605 Climate change and crop growth 2+0PAT 604 Molecular basis of Host-Pathogen Interaction 2+1Supporting Courses (5 Credits)MBB 504 Plant Tissue Culture and Genetic Transformation 1+2MBB 555 Introduction to Bioinformatics (BIF 501) 2+1PPG 601 Plant Genetic Resources and their Utilization 2+0AGM 503 Microbial Genetics 2+1PAT 503 Physiological and Molecular response of plants to abiotic stresses 2+1ENT 608 Advanced host plant resistance 1+1MAT 604* Mathematical Modeling for agricultural sciences 1+1Seminar and ResearchMBB 691 Seminar I 0+1MBB 692 Seminar II 0+1MBB 699 Research 0+45* Compulsory courses

MBB 601 ADVANCES IN PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 3+0ObjectiveTo discuss the specialized topics and recent advances in the field of plant molecular biology.TheoryUNIT IArabidopsis in molecular biology, Forward and Reverse Genetic Approaches, Transcriptional andpost-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, isolation of promoters and other regulatoryelements.UNIT IIRNA interference, Transcriptional gene silencing, Transcript and protein analysis, use of transcriptprofiling to study biological systems.UNIT IIIHormone regulatory pathways: Ethylene, Cytokinin, Auxin and ABA, SA and JA; ABC Model ofFloral Development, Molecular basis of self incompatibility. Signal transduction and receptors.UNIT IVMolecular biology of abiotic stress responses: Cold, high temperature, submergence, dehydration,salinity and drought; Molecular Biology of plant-pathogen interactions, molecular biology ofAgrobacterium infection, Molecular biology of Rhizobium infection (molecular mechanisms insymbiosis), Programmed cell death in development and defense.Lecture schedule1. Arabidopsis as a model plant in molecular biology2. The genetic basis of a phenotype or trait3. Expression of a phenotype by a particular gene4. Reverse Genetic Approaches in functional genomics5. Reverse Genetic Approaches in functional genomics (cont…)6. Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression7. Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression (cont…)8. Promoters and their role in gene expression9. Isolation of promoters and other regulatory elements10. RNA interference – micro RNAs and small interfering RNAs11. Mode of action in RNAi system12. RNA dependent gene silencing13. Transcriptional gene silencing14. Post transcriptional gene silencing15. RNA viruses in post transcriptional gene silencing16. Suppression of gene silencing by plant viruses17. Application of RNAi technology in plant biotechnology18. Transcript analysis to study biological systems.19. Protein analysis to study biological systems.20. Regulation of cellular processes by different hormones21. Role of hormones in flowering22. Role of hormones in fruit ripening1

23. Role of hormones in seed germination24. Role of hormones in senescence25. Mid semester exam26. JA in signal transduction27. ABC Model of Floral Development28. Molecular basis of self incompatibility29. Signal transduction – over view30. Plasma membrane receptors31. Protein kinases32. G proteins in signal transduction33. Principles of stress perception34. Signal transduction pathway35. Regulation of gene expression36. Molecular biology of salinity stress tolerance in plants37. Molecular biology of drought tolerance in plants38. The heat shock response in higher plants.39. Molecular biology of low temperature response in plants40. Molecular biology and genomics of flooding41. Response and adaptation by plants to flooding stress.42. Molecular responses to dehydration in plants.43. Molecular mechanisms involved in Agrobacterium infection of plant cells44. Molecular mechanisms involved in Agrobacterium infection of plant cells (cotnd…)45. Use of Agrobacterium as a biotechnological tool for genetic46. Molecular biology of Rhizobium infection47. Nodulation genes48. Nod factor signaling and infection in Rhizobium-legume symbiosis49. Programmed cell death(PCD) or Apoptosis in plants50. Occurrence and necessity of PCD for plant development and defense51. Occurrence and necessity of PCD for plant defenseSuggested Text books1. Buchanan B, Gruissen W & Jones R. 2000. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Plants.American Society of Plant Physiologists, USA.2. Lewin B. 2008. Gene IX. Peterson Publications/Panima.3. Malacinski GM & Freifelder D. 1998. Essentials of Molecular Biology. 3 rd Ed. Jones &Bartlett Publ.4. Nelson DL & Cox MM. 2007. Lehninger’s Principles of Biochemistry. WHFreeman & Co.5. Watson JD, Bakee TA, Bell SP, Gann A, Levine M & Losick R. 2008. Molecular Biology ofthe Gene. 6th Ed. Pearson Education.Suggested Web siteshttp://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/journal of molecular biologyhttp://www.cellbio.com/elecpubs.html (molecular biology today - journal)www.springer.com/life+sciences/plant+sciences/journal/11103(plant molecular biology)http://www.ebooksx.com/Arabidopsis-Protocols-2nd-Edition-Methods-in-Molecular-Biology-_208282.html2

MBB 602 ADVANCES IN GENETIC ENGINEERING 3+0ObjectiveTo discuss the specialized topics and advances in field of genetic engineering and their applicationin crop improvement.TheoryUNIT IGeneral overview of transgenic plants; Case studies: Genetic engineering of herbicide resistance,Transgenic plants resistant to insects/pests, Genetic engineering of abiotic stress tolerance,Engineering food crops for quality – nutritional quality and shelf life, Genetically engineeredpollination control, Induction of male sterility in plants.UNIT IIMolecular farming of plants for applications in veterinary and human medicine systems: Boostingheterologous protein production in transgenics, Rapid production of specific vaccines, High-yieldproduction of therapeutic proteins in chloroplasts.UNIT IIIRecent developments in plant transformation strategies; Role of antisense and RNAi-based genesilencing in crop improvement – silencing endogenous gene, virus resistance and insect resistance;Regulated and tissue-specific expression of transgenes for crop improvement; Gene stacking;Pathway engineering; Marker-free transgenic development strategies; High throughput phenotypingof transgenic plants.UNIT IVField studies with transgenic crops; Bio-safety studies - Environmental issues associated withtransgenic crops; Food and feed safety issues associated with transgenic crops; Risk assessmentof transgenic food crops. Current status of transgenic plantsLecture Schedule:1. General overview of transgenic plants2. Genetic engineering of herbicide resistance3. Transgenic plants resistant to insects/pests4. Novel Bt proteins and plant derived insecticidal genes5. Genetic engineering for resistance to diseases – fungal disease6. Genetic engineering for resistance to diseases – bacterial disease7. Genetic engineering for resistance to diseases – viral disease8. Genetic engineering of drought tolerance9. Engineering for salt stress10. Engineering for flooding tolerance, heat stress11. Engineering food crops for quality – protein12. Engineering food crops for enhanced vitamin and mineral content13. Genetic engineering to manipulate fatty acid composition of oilseed crops14. Genetic engineering for shelf life of fruits and vegetables15. Genetically engineered pollination control16. Induction of geneic male sterility in plants and production of F1 hybrids17. Molecular pharming –introduction18. Plants as bioreactor for production of recombinant proteins3

19. Over-expression of heterologous proteins in plants20. Downstream processing of heterologous proteins produced in plants21. Production of edible vaccines22. Production of recombinant antibodies in plants23. Target plants for synthesis of pharmaceutical proteins24. Over expression of recombinant proteins in chloroplast25. Expression of industrial products in plants26. Mid semester exam27. Over view of latest development in transgenic technology28. Agrobacterium and particle bombardment mediated methods29. Recent advances in transformation technologies30. Chloroplast transformation31. Strategies for over-expression – design of transgene32. RNAi technology for gene suppression33. Applications of RNAi technology – insect and disease resistance34. Applications of RNAi technology – manipulation of biochemical pathways35. Regulation of transgene expression – tissue and temporal specific expression36. Transformation of multiple genes or gene stacking – case studies37. Metabolic pathway engineering – case studies38. Metabolic pathway engineering – case studies39. Concerns of marker genes, new marker genes40. Generation of marker free transgenic plants41. Analysis of transgenic plants – molecular and biochemical analyses42. High throughput phenotyping of transgenic plants43. Field evaluation of transgenic crops – guidelines44. Concerns of transgenic plants45. Bio-safety studies - Environmental safety assessment of transgenic crops46. Food and feed safety issues associated with transgenic crops47. Risk assessment of transgenic food crops48. Bio-safety Regulatory frame work in US and Europe49. Bio-safety Regulatory system in India50. Commercialized transgenic plants51. Global and Indian statusSuggested Readings1. Christou P & Klee H. 2004. Handbook of Plant Biotechnology. John Wiley & Sons.2. Slater, A., Nigel, S and M. Fowler. 2003. Plant Biotechnology: The Genetic Manipulation ofPlants. Oxford Publications3. Kirsi-Marja, Oksman-Caldentey, and WH. Barz (Eds.). Plant Biotechnology and Transgenicplants. CHIPS, Texas4. O. Koul and G.S. Dhaliwal (2004) Transgenic crop protection: Concepts and strategies.Oxford & IBH, New DelhiSuggested Websites1. http://www.springer.com/biomed/molecular/journal/11248 (Transgenic Research)2. http://www.springerlink.com/content/100317/ (Molecular Breeding)3. http://www.wiley.com/bw/journal.asp?ref=1467-7644 (Plant Biotechnology Journal)4

MBB 603 ADVANCES IN MICROBIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 3+0ObjectiveTo discuss specialized topics about industrially important microorganisms.TheoryUNIT IFermentative metabolism and development of bio-processing technology, processing andproduction of recombinant products; isolation, preservation and improvement of industriallyimportant microorganisms.UNIT IIImmobilization of enzymes and cells; Batch, plug flow and chemo-state-cultures; Computersimulations; Fed-batch and mixed cultures; Scale-up principles; Down stream processing etc.UNIT IIICurrent advances in production of antibiotics, vaccines, and biocides; Steroid transformation;Bioreactors; Bioprocess engineering; Production of non-microbial origin products by geneticallyengineered microorganisms.UNIT IVConcept of probiotics and applications of new tools of biotechnology for quality feed/foodproduction; Microorganisms and proteins used in probiotics; Lactic acid bacteria as live vaccines;Factors affecting delignification; Bioconversion of substrates, anti-nutritional factors present infeeds; Microbial detoxification of aflatoxins; Single cell protein, Bio-insecticides; Bio-fertilizers;Recent advances in microbial biotechnology.Lecture Schedule1. Microbial biotechnology: Scope and techniques.2. Fermentative diversity -Utilization of hexoses by fermentative pathways3. Fermentative diversity-Utilization of pentoses, polysaccharides and organic acid metabolisms4. Fermentation- Microbial Growth Kinetics- applications of Fermentation5. Development of bioprocess technology and production of recombinant products6. Recombinant DNA products for human therapeutic use7. Recombinant DNA products – Challenges and future thrust8. Isolation, screening of industrially important microorganisms9. Selection and Preservation of industrially important microorganisms10. Strain improvement of industrially important microorganisms-11. Strain improvement- the random and empirical approach12. Case studies- strain improvement - Recombinant DNA approaches for low and medium valueproducts13. Case studies- strain improvement-Recombinant DNA approaches- for high value recombinantproducts14. Principles of immobilization- techniques and importance15. Immobilization of enzymes and cells - Current trends and future Prospects16. Case studies- Immobilized cell technology – Flavour maturation of green beer17. Case studies- Immobilized cell technology alcohol free beer18. Case studies- Application of Immobilized Enzymes in pharmaceutical industry19. Bioreactors - types, designs and functional characteristics, computer simulations and Bioprocess5

engineering20. Dual and mixed inoculations - continuous and batch fermentations; plug flow and chemostatcultures21. Fed-batch cultures- Scale up Principles and applications22. Downstream Processing – on overview23. Downstream Processing – Principles and application of RIPP technology24. Case studies on Down stream processing of High value and Low volume Products25. Case studies on Down stream processing of Medium value and Medium volume Products26. Case studies on Down stream processing of Low value and High volume Products27. Mid semester exam28. Production of Secondary metabolites- antibiotics – Problems and Future thrust29. Recombinant and Synthetic Vaccines Problems with Traditional Vaccines30. Impact of Biotechnology on Vaccine Development; Mechanisms for Producing Immunity31. Improving the Effectiveness of Subunit Vaccines; Fragments of Antigen Subunit Used as SyntheticPeptide; DNA Vaccines; Vaccines in Development32. Biocides- Types and Classification33. Standards and Regulation of Biocides application34. Bio-catalysis in organic chemistry - Microbial transformation of Steroids and Sterols35. Production of non-microbial origin products by genetically engineered microorganisms36. Concept of probiotics and applications37. Microorganisms and proteins used in probiotics38. Lactic acid bacteria as live vaccines39. Biotechnological approaches for enhancing quality of feed and food production40. Bioconversion of substrates41. Degradation of Lignin, Cellulose and Hemicelluloses42. Enzymatic Lignocellulose biodegradation43. Prospects of Conversion of biomass – Bio Fuel Ethanol44. Anti-nutritional factors present in feeds45. Biotechnological approaches for reducing the anti- nutritional factors in feed and Food46. Aflotoxins – Current scenario- Microbial detoxification of aflatoxins47. Single cell protein- Types – Present status and Future Thrust48. Advances in Bio-insecticides49. Advances in Bio-fertilizers50. Recent Advances in microbial biotechnology51. Recent Advances in microbial biotechnologySuggested Text Books1. A.N. Glazer and H. Nikaido. (Eds). 2007. Microbial biotechnology: fundamentals of appliedmicrobiology. Cambridge University Press.2. Alagawadi, A.R., P.U. Krishnaraj, K.S. Jagadeesh, J.H. Kulkarni, S. Kannaiyan. 2006.Microbial Biotechnology. Narosa Pub., New Delhi.3. Bryskier, A. (Eds). 2005. Antimicrobial Agents: Antibacterials and Antifungals,Washington,DC: ASM Press4. C.D. Swarna Latha. 2007. Microbial Biotechnology, Discovery Publishing House5. D. Charalampopoulos, R. A. Rastall (Eds.) 2009. Prebiotics and Probiotics Science andTechnology. Springer Publishers.6. Demain, A. L. 2000. Small bugs, big business: the economic power of the microbe.Biotechnology Advances, 18, 499–514.7. El-Mans, E.M.T and C.F.A Bryce. 2002. Fermentation Technology and Biotechnology.6

Taylor and Francis, UK8. Georgiou, G., and Segatori, L. 2005. Preparative expression of secreted proteins inbacteria: status report and prospects. Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 16, 538–545.9. J. M. Guisan. 2006. Immobilization of Enzymes & cells. Human Press10. Lee Yuan Kun, 2006. Microbial Biotechnology: Principles and Applications. World ScientificPub. Pvt. Co. Ltd, Singapore,11. Liese, A., Seelbach, K., and Wandrey, C. 2000. Industrial Biotransformations – AComprehensive Handbook, Weinheim: Wiley-VCH.12. Lynd, L. R.,Weimer, P. J., van Zyl, W. H., and Pretorius, I. S. 2002. Microbial celluloseutilization: fundamentals and biotechnology. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews,66, 506–577.13. M. Flickinger. (Ed), 2009. Encyclopedia of Industrial Biotechnology, M. Flickinger, ed., J. T.Wiley and Sons, New York14. Plotkin, S. A., and Orenstein, W. A. (Eds.). 2004. Vaccines, 4th Edition, Philadelphia: W. B.Saunders15. R. H. Baltz, J.E. Davies, A.L. Demain. (Eds). 2010. Manual of industrial Microbiology andBiotechnology. 3 rd Edition. ASM Press. United states16. Ratledge, C., and Kristiansen, B. (eds.).2001. Basic Biotechnology, 2nd Edition,Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.17. Scheller, J., and Conrad, U. 2005. Plant-based material, protein and biodegradable plastic.Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 8, 188–196.18. Twomey, D., Ross, R. P., Ryan, M., Meaney, B., and Hill, C. 2002. Lantibiotics producedby lactic acid bacteria: structure, function and applications. Antonie vanLeeuwenhoek, 82,165–185.19. Volkmar Braun, Friedrich Gotz (Eds.). 2005. Microbial Fundamentals of Biotechnology.Wiley VCH Verlag GmbHSuggested Websites:http://umbbd.msi.umn.edu/resources.htmlwww.imbm.co.zahttp://mbrg.ulster.ac.uk/MBB 604 ADVANCES IN CROP BIOTECHNOLOGY 2+0Deviation: Credit load reduced to 2+0 from 3+0 to limit total credits under major courses to15ObjectiveTo discuss specialized topics on the application of molecular tools in breeding of specific crops.TheoryUNIT IConventional versus non-conventional methods for crop improvement; Present status and recentdevelopments on available molecular marker, transformation and genomic tools for cropimprovement.UNIT IIMolecular breeding: constructing molecular maps; integrating genetic, physical and molecularmaps; diversity assessment and phylogenetic analysis; molecular tagging of genes/traits;7

UNIT IIISelected examples on marker assisted selection of qualitative and quantitative traits. Linkage drag,MARS etc.,UNIT IVDiscussion on application of molecular, transformation and genomic tools for the geneticenhancement in some major field crops such as rice, wheat, cotton, maize, soybean, oilseeds,sugarcane etc.,Lecture schedule1. Conventional versus non-conventional methods for crop improvement: Setting2. Recent developments on molecular markers for crop improvement3. Molecular markers for diversity assessment4. Molecular markers for phylogenetic analysis5. Molecular tagging of genes/traits6. Construction of linkage maps7. Construction of physical maps8. Integration of genetic, physical and molecular maps for crop improvement9. Mapping of qualitative traits10. Mapping of polygenic traits11. Methods in QTL mapping12. Statistical tools and populations for QTL mapping13. Genome mapping in model plants14. Genome mapping in crop plants15. Crop databases and its application in mapping studies16. QTL mapping quantitative traits – days to flowering, plant height & grain yield17. Mid semester exam18. QTL mapping quantitative traits – submergence, saline, drought tolerance etc19. QTL mapping for quantitative traits – Nutrient use efficiency, tolerance etc20. Association mapping21. Meta analysis of QTLs22. Synteny mapping23. Fine mapping of candidate genes24. Map-based positional cloning of agronomically important genes25. Marker assisted selection of qualitative traits26. Marker assisted selection of quantitative traits27. Genomic tools for crop improvement28. Application of biotechnological tools for genetic enhancement in rice29. Application of biotechnological tools for genetic enhancement in wheat30. Application of biotechnological tools for genetic enhancement in maize31. Application of biotechnological tools for genetic enhancement in cotton32. Application of biotechnological tools for genetic enhancement in soybean33. Application of biotechnological tools for genetic enhancement in oilseeds34. Application of biotechnological tools for genetic enhancement in sugarcaneFinal exam8

Suggested text books1. Chittaranjan K. 2007. Genome Mapping and Molecular Breeding in Plants. Vols. I-VII.Springer.2. Klug WS & Cummings MR. 2003 Concepts of Genetics. Peterson Education3. Lewin B. 2008. Genes IX. Jones & Bartlett Publ.4. Newbury HJ. 2003. Plant Molecular Breeding. Blackwell Publ.5. Weising K, Nybom H, Wolff K & Kahl G. 2005. DNA Fingerprinting in Plants: Principles,Methods and Applications. Taylor & Francis.Suggested Web sites:1. http://linkage.rockefeller.edu/soft/2. http://www.gramene.org/3. http://www.stat.wisc.edu/~yandell/statgen/software/biosci/linkage.html4. http://www.mapmanager.org/qtsoftware.html5. http://www.bioinformatics.org/mqtl/wiki/MBB 605 ADVANCES IN FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS AND PROTEOMICS 2+0ObjectiveTo discuss recent advances and applications of functional genomics and proteomics in agriculture,medicine and industry.TheoryUNIT IGenomics – Structural and Functional Genomics; Genome sequencing – methods, assembly andannotation; Human, animal, plant, bacterial and yeast genome projects; Genome annotation; abinitio gene discovery; functional annotation and gene family clusters; etc.UNIT IIFunctional genomics; Functional analysis of genes; RNA-mediated interference; gene knockouts;Gene traps/ T-DNA insertion lines; yeast-two hybrid screening; homologous recombination; geneexpression and transcript profiling; EST contigs; microarray profiling; SAGE; SNPs/variation; Eco-TILLING; allele/gene mining; synteny and comparative genomics; Genome evolution, speciationand domestication etc., Functional genomics projects in Rice, ArabidopsisUNIT IIProteomics: Protein annotation; protein separation and 2D PAGE; mass spectroscopy; Proteomedatabases; Protein microarrays; Protein interactive maps; Structural Proteomics: Protein structuredetermination, prediction and threading, software and data analysis/ management, etc.UNIT IVApplications of functional genomics in Agriculture; Applications of Proteomics in designing novelagrochemicals; Discussion on selected papers on functional genomics, proteomics, integrativegenomics etc.9

Theory ScheduleL.No1. Genomics – Introduction to Genomics; Structural and Functional Genomics;2. Genome sequencing – methods and advances3. Sequence assembly and annotation;4. Human and Animal genome projects;5. Plant, Bacterial and Yeast genome projects6. ab initio gene discovery; functional annotation and gene family clusters7. Functional genomics; Functional analysis of genes; Forward genetics, Reverse genetics approaches8. Over Expression mutants; Gene knockouts; RNA-mediated interference;9. Gene traps/ T-DNA insertion lines;10. Yeast-two hybrid screening; Homologous recombination;11. Gene expression and transcript profiling; methods, advantages and disadvantages12. EST contigs; microarray profiling; SAGE;13. SNPs/variation; Eco-TILLING; allele/gene mining;14. Synteny and Comparative genomics;15. Genome evolution, speciation and domestication etc.16. Functional genomics projects in Rice, Arabidopsis17. Mid semester exam18. Proteomics – Introduction, Need for Proteomics, types and advantages:19. Protein annotation;20. Protein separation and 2D PAGE;21. Mass spectroscopy;22. Proteome databases;23. Protein microarrays; Protein interactive maps;24. Structural Proteomics – Primary, Secondary and Tertiary structure25. Protein structure determination, prediction and threading,26. Softwares for modeling; Data analysis/ management, etc.27. Applications of functional genomics in Agriculture;28. Applications of Proteomics in designing novel agrochemicals;29. Discussion on selected papers on functional genomics,30. Discussion on selected papers on functional genomics,31. Discussion on selected papers on Proteomics,32. Discussion on selected papers on Proteomics,33. Discussion on selected papers on comparative and integrative genomics34. Discussion on selected papers on comparative and integrative genomicsSuggested Text BooksStephen P. Hunt, Rick Livesey. 2009. Functional Genomics: A Practical Approach.Christopher A. Cullis. 2005. Plant Genomics and Proteomics.Primrose. S. B. and Twyman. R. 2004. Principles of Genome Analysis and Genomics. Third editionUniversity of York.Blalock. E.M (Ed). 2003. A Beginner’s Guide to Microarrays. Kluwer Academic Publishers.Genomics and Proteomics. 2000. Functional and computational aspects. Ed. Sandor Suhai,Heidelberg, GermanyBranden and Tooze. 1999. Introduction to protein structure. Garland.10

Suggested web sites:www.tigr.orgwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.govhttp://genome-www.stanford.eduhttp://signal.salk.edu/cgi-bin/RiceGEhttp://atidb.cshl.orghttp://gene64.dna.affrc.go.jp/RPDMBB 606 COMMERCIAL PLANT TISSUE CULTURE 2+0ObjectiveTo discuss the commercial applications of plant tissue culture in agriculture, horticulture, forestrymedicine and industryTheoryUNIT I Micro propagation and quality control in tissue culture plantsMicro propagation - plant multiplication, hardening - Quality control for tissue culture. Packing,transportation and quarantine for tissue cultured plants - Low cost alternatives. Bio-reactors -Commercialized photoautotrophic micro propagation-automation technologies-Synthetic seedproduction –applications micro propagation in ornamentals, horticultural and plantation crops, treecrops and medicinal plants. National certification system for TC plants-consortium of micropropagation research-commercial TC labs in India.UNIT II Secondary metabolite production through plant tissue culture and bioreactortechnologySecondary metabolites production - organ, cell suspensions and hairy root cultures - Methods toenhance secondary metabolite production - precursor feeding, elicitation, bio-transformation,immobilization, mutagenesis - Scale up through bioreactors- Secondary metabolites of industrialand pharmaceutical importance – examples.UNIT III Commercialization of plant tissue culture-patentsProject preparation for commercial plant tissue culture - management and marketing of TC plants.Visit to a commercial plant tissue culture laboratory-Recent patent applications in tissue culture -product and process patents - Plant Stem Cell applications - cosmetic and therapeutic uses.UNIT IV Commercial tissue culture and applications-Commercial tissue culture and applications-case studies-banana, ornamentals, bamboo,sugarcane, tree crops, potato and medicinal plantsLecture schedule1. Micro propagation-Methods-stages-Plant multiplication, hardening and transplantationadvantagesand problems in micro propagation2. Quality control for tissue culture - disease freedom and genetic fidelity3. Packing, transportation and quarantine for tissue cultured plants4. Low cost alternatives in Plant tissue culture5. Bioreactors for plant tissue culture-commercialized photoautotrophic micro propagation6. Integrating automation technologies with commercial micro propagation7. Synthetic seed production-applications11

8. National certification system for tissue culture plants- accreditation of tissue culture labs,certification of production facility and tissue cultured plants9. Consortium of micro propagation research and technology development, management andmarketing10. Commercial tissue culture laboratories in India-an overview11. Micro propagation in ornamentals- rose, carnation and liliums.12. Micro propagation in ornamentals- Orchids, anthurium and Gerbera,13. Micro propagation in horticultural crops- micro tubers in Potato , Tapioca14. Micro propagation in plantation crops-,Tea, pepper, cardamom, pine apple, vanilla15. Micro propagation tree crops-Sandal wood, eucalyptus, paulownia, neem, teak16. Micro propagation of rare endangered medicinal plants17. Secondary metabolites production through plant cell cultures-callus, organ, cell suspensionand hairy root cultures18. Mid semester exam19. Methods to enhance secondary metabolite production- precursor feeding, elicitation, biotransformation,immobilization, mutagenesis20. Bioreactors for plant cell cultures-types21. Scale up through bioreactors of industrial importance-examples-shikonin, ginseng,22. Secondary metabolites of pharmaceutical importance-examples-berberine, palitaxel23. Project preparation for commercial plant tissue culture24. Marketing and management of plant tissue culture plants25. Visit to a commercial plant tissue culture laboratory26. Recent patent applications in tissue culture27. Product and process patents for Plant tissue culture28. Plant Stem Cell applications-cosmetic and therapeutic uses-examples.29. Tissue culture banana, potato-Commercial applications –case studies30. Tissue culture in ornamentals- Commercial applications –case studies31. Tissue culture in bamboo- Commercial applications –case studies32. Tissue culture in sugarcane- Commercial applications –case studies33. Tissue culture in afforestation programmes- Commercial applications –case studies34. Tissue culture in medicinal plants- Commercial applicationsSuggested readings1. Christou, P. & Klee, H. 2004. Handbook of Plant Biotechnology. John Wiley and Sons2. Dixon, R. A. 2003. Plant Cell Culture. IRL Press.3. Dutta Gupta, S. and Ibaraki, Y. 2006. Plant Tissue Culture Engineering. Springer4. George E.F., Hall, M.A. and De Klerk, G.J. 2008. Plant Propagation by Tissue Culture.Agritech. Publ.5. Herman, E.B. 2005-08. Media and Techniques for Growth, Regeneration and Storage.Agritech Publ.6. Teng, P.S. 2008. Bioscience Entrepreneurship in Asia. World Scientific.7. Robert E. Bagwill. 2003.The legal aspects of plant tissue culture and patents . Patent andTrademark Office, U. S. Department of Commerce, Washington, D.C. 20231, U.S.A.Suggested Websites:1. www.plantstemcells.net/news.html2. www.incosmetics.com/.../Brochure_PhytoCellTec_Malus_Domestica_IP2008_3.pdf3. www.freepatentsonline.com4. www.patentstorm.us/patents12