2 <strong>Auckland</strong>'s <strong>Orchestra</strong>2.1 <strong>Auckland</strong> <strong>Philharmonia</strong> <strong>Orchestra</strong> (APO)The <strong>Auckland</strong> <strong>Philharmonia</strong> <strong>Orchestra</strong> is <strong>Auckland</strong>'s resident fulltime symphony orchestra. Each year<strong>the</strong> APO supports both <strong>the</strong> NBR New Zealand Opera and <strong>the</strong> Royal New Zealand Ballet (in a hirecapacity) and is <strong>the</strong> orchestra of choice for <strong>the</strong> highly regarded Michael Hill International ViolinCompetition.Each year <strong>the</strong> APO presents a full season of symphonic work in <strong>the</strong> <strong>Auckland</strong> region, and has recentlybrought to <strong>Auckland</strong> such artists as Nicolai Demidenko, Midori, James Ehnes, Brett Dean, DavidGeringas and Nigel Kennedy.The APO’s Music Director is esteemed German conductor Eckehard Stier.The APO collaborates with New Zealand artists such as Simon O’Neill, Teddy Tahu Rhodes and DameKiri Te Kanawa, as well as visiting international artists who have included Luciano Pavarotti, PlacidoDomingo and Jose Carreras, and “popular” musicians such as Diana Krall, Natalie Cole, BurtBacharach and Serj Tankian. APO takes pride in nurturing New Zealand artists through its main stageperformances and through its extensive education programme, which gives opportunities to youngperformers and composers. It also has a longstanding Composer‐in‐Residence programme, untilrecently <strong>the</strong> only orchestra in New Zealand to do so.2.1.1 APO Development historyThe <strong>Auckland</strong> <strong>Philharmonia</strong> <strong>Orchestra</strong> can trace its origins back to <strong>the</strong> <strong>Auckland</strong> String Playersfounded by Owen Jensen in 1940. The <strong>Auckland</strong> <strong>Philharmonia</strong> <strong>Orchestra</strong> (APO) was established in1980, originally as a musicians’ cooperative society.Six years ago <strong>the</strong> APO was on <strong>the</strong> brink of closure and financial collapse resulting from long terminadequate funding and lack of coherent and unified civic leadership. With <strong>the</strong> support of <strong>the</strong>regional mayors and central government, a comprehensive restructuring of virtually every facet of<strong>the</strong> APO was undertaken with what is now regarded as a successful outcome. Four features standoutas critical to that success:• Firstly, restructuring <strong>the</strong> APO on <strong>the</strong> international model of city‐based orchestras andaligning itself more closely to <strong>the</strong> Australian city‐based orchestras.• Secondly, securing <strong>the</strong> support of <strong>Auckland</strong> local government leaders. Undoubtedly <strong>the</strong>coincidence of <strong>the</strong> Royal Commission and <strong>the</strong> birth of <strong>the</strong> Super City greatly assisted this.• Thirdly, securing additional central government support based on achievement of keytargeted performance indicators, both artistic and financial.• Finally, driving artistic standards and carefully crafted programming to meet audiencedemands demonstrated by 30 full houses in <strong>the</strong> last 2 years. In addition, APO placedemphasis on its outreach and educational programmes throughout <strong>the</strong> broader region,culminating in <strong>the</strong> launch of APO Connecting in 2011, and <strong>the</strong> introduction of SistemaAotearoa with special project funding from <strong>the</strong> Ministry for Culture and Heritage.Contextualising <strong>Auckland</strong> and <strong>the</strong> NZ orchestral sector <strong>Auckland</strong> <strong>Philharmonia</strong> <strong>Orchestra</strong> Page 4
Importantly, <strong>the</strong>se advances over several years by <strong>Auckland</strong> <strong>Philharmonia</strong> <strong>Orchestra</strong> weredeliberate, supported, planned for and well executed. Not by chance has <strong>the</strong> APO developed tobeing New Zealand's only fulltime city‐based symphony orchestra.2.1.2 Consolidated local government and <strong>the</strong> APOWith <strong>the</strong> advent of <strong>the</strong> <strong>Auckland</strong> Regional Amenities Funding Act in 2008 (ARAFA), <strong>the</strong> APO took itsfirst step towards achieving full city symphony orchestra standards, in fur<strong>the</strong>r validation of <strong>the</strong>direction in which <strong>the</strong> APO has been deliberately encouraged to develop.The consolidated regional funding in <strong>the</strong> ARAFA arrangements marked a step change in <strong>the</strong>prospects of <strong>the</strong> <strong>Auckland</strong> <strong>Philharmonia</strong> <strong>Orchestra</strong>, as indicated in Figure 1 below. Local governmentcommitted more funds and set a more sustainable financial model for <strong>the</strong> APO. This funding,enshrined in an Act of Parliament, was a precursor to <strong>the</strong> significant rearrangement of localgovernment for <strong>Auckland</strong> which led to <strong>the</strong> single <strong>Auckland</strong> Council now in place.Considering <strong>the</strong> effect on APO of <strong>the</strong> reorganisation of <strong>Auckland</strong>, it is reasonable to expect o<strong>the</strong>rorchestras will be affected by local government changes in <strong>the</strong>ir regions in future, as <strong>the</strong>ir cityregionsare re‐formed around <strong>the</strong>m. In early 2012 <strong>the</strong> New Zealand Government announced similarlocal government reorganisations to change o<strong>the</strong>r parts of New Zealand.At present <strong>the</strong> APO is ahead of o<strong>the</strong>r city or regional orchestras in New Zealand in thisdevelopmental progression, affected by <strong>the</strong> local government rearrangements made for <strong>Auckland</strong> bygovernment. Therefore, <strong>the</strong> situation of <strong>the</strong> APO and its relations to <strong>the</strong> broader orchestral sector inNew Zealand is a reflection of <strong>the</strong> geo‐political model that no o<strong>the</strong>r orchestra/city‐region yetpossesses. It is hoped that local government reforms creating o<strong>the</strong>r city‐regions will have a positiveeffect on orchestras in those areas, as <strong>the</strong>y have done in <strong>Auckland</strong>.Figure 1: APO revenue 2007‐2010 by sourceContextualising <strong>Auckland</strong> and <strong>the</strong> NZ orchestral sector <strong>Auckland</strong> <strong>Philharmonia</strong> <strong>Orchestra</strong> Page 5