The Danger of Incomplete Combustion for Environment, Health, and ...

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Box model for Indoor PollutionCt = Concentration of pollutant (PM2.5 or CO) at time t(mg m-3)q = emission rate (mg min-1)α = nominal air exchange rate (ventilation rate) (min-1)V = kitchen volume (m3)t = time (min)Co = concentration from preceding time unit (mg m-3)f = fraction of emissions that enter kitchen(Note: time and emissions rates are a function ofthermal efficiency, emission factor, stove power, anddaily cooking energy needs.)
Top Performers in the Chinese National CookstoveCompetition – 2007CO/CO 2NominalCombustionEfficiencyPM 10g/kgEfficiencygramsPM 10/MJdeliveredDaxu0.020(24%)**98.1% 0.28(13%)41.9%(3%) 0.037Luoyang*0.019(37%)98.1% 0.24(8%)35.2%(2%) 0.038Xintai*0.025(43%)97.6% 0.36(7%)32.6%(2%) 0.061Zhenghong0.019(19%)98.1% 0.24(22%)35.9%(4%) 0.037Mean 0.021 98.0% 0.28 36.4% 0.043
Page 1 and 2: The Danger of Incomplete Combustion
Page 3 and 4: Householdsusing biomassor coal toco
Page 5 and 6: A problem that has lastedone-third
Page 7 and 8: Household Energy in China• ~60% o
Page 9 and 10: Road Map• Why is there so much po
Page 11 and 12: Energy flows in a well-operating tr
Page 13 and 14: Health-Damaging Air Pollutants From
Page 15 and 16: ALRI/PneumoniaDiseases for which we
Page 17 and 18: Global Burden of Disease from Top 1
Page 19 and 20: Global Burden of Disease Databasean
Page 21 and 22: Pollution and health effects of ind
Page 23 and 24: Household Coal Use and Lung CancerC
Page 25 and 26: Improved Stoves Brought to XuanweiC
Page 27 and 28: Why We Know Now that Chimneys are n
Page 29 and 30: Guatemala RCT: Kitchen Concentratio
Page 31 and 32: (b )ention grouprol group(ppm)2 30.
Page 33 and 34: Reduction in Kitchen 24-h PM 2.5 (u
Page 35 and 36: Sources of Primary PM 2.5 : India a
Page 37 and 38: NASA INTEX_B DatabasePercent PM 2.5
Page 39 and 40: Controllable Global Warming from Bl
Page 41 and 42: Climate Warming in 2020 Under Prese
Page 43 and 44: Heart Disease and Combustion Partic
Page 45 and 46: Where weWant toBe!MD-diagnosed Chil
Page 47 and 48: China’s National Improved Stove P
Page 49 and 50: China’s National Improved Stove P
Page 54 and 55: How clean does the stove have to be
Page 57 and 58: Stove Use Monitors (SUMs) in Action
Page 59 and 60: Inter-instrument Comparison: 30 UCB
Page 61 and 62: Long-term Household MeasurementsInt
Page 63 and 64: The main reason household air pollu
Page 65 and 66: Intake Fractions : these are rough
Page 67 and 68: Origins of the Chinese Rural Energy

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