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used frac fluids also subsequentlyhave to be cleaned.WATER CONSUMPTIONWater is by far the largest componentof fracking fluids. It has been estimatedthat an initial drilling operationitself may consume from 6,000 to600,00 gallons of fracking fluids, butover its lifetime an average well may requireup to an additional five milliongallons of water for full operation.It has been further estimated thatthe amount of water needed to drill andfracture a horizontal shale gas well generallyranges from between two andfour million gallons, depending on thebasin and formation characteristics.The extraction of so much water forfracking has raised concerns about theecological impacts to aquatic resources,as well as the potential dewatering ofdrinking water aquifers. In addition,the transportation of a million gallonsof water, whether fresh or waste water,requires hundreds of truck trips, increasingthe greenhouse gas footprintof oil and gas and contributing to airpollution.CHEMICAL-FREE POTENTIALThis is where OriginOil is sensinghuge potential. Its Clean-Frac system,adapted from its Single Step Extractiontechnology for the algae industry,is a chemical free, continuous processthat employs low-energy technologiesto decontaminate produced or ‘fracflowback’ water. It removes oils, suspendedsolids, insoluble organics andbacteria as the first stage of anymulti-stage water treatment systemdesigned for recycling or purifying todrinking water.The company’s Clean-Frac Model60K is designed to process producedor frac flowback water at a continuousflow rate of one barrel per minuteor 60,000 gallons a day in continuousoperation. It can be designed to bemounted in a container, on a traileror as a fixed configuration.“The U.S. will overtake Saudi Arabiato become the world’s biggest oilproducer before 2020, and could beenergy independent by 2030,” saysOriginOil President and CEO RiggsEckelberry. “And with that, our country’sCO2 emissions have fallen dramatically,to a 20-year low. All this isbeing driven by the fracking revolution.We’re excited by the estimatedindustry numbers that show that treatingwater for reuse typically costs 21to 26 cents per gallon, while even the‘cheap’ option of trucking the wateroffsite costs 11 cents per gallon ormore. By combining our high-speedprocess with other innovations, we believeproducers could see the cost oftreatment go down to just seven centsper gallon. Cheaper than trucking isquite an exciting possibility.”Testing has already proved thatOriginOil’s system reduces total organicsas measured by Chemical OxygenDemand (COD) by over 98% in amatter of minutes, and is ongoing. FNwww.filtnews.com • June 2013 • 25