Laboratory evaluation of six formulations of spinosad in an effort to ...
Laboratory evaluation of six formulations of spinosad in an effort to ...
Laboratory evaluation of six formulations of spinosad in an effort to ...
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July, 2008<br />
Evaluation <strong>of</strong> <strong>in</strong>corporat<strong>in</strong>g c<strong>an</strong>ola oil <strong>an</strong>d dry baits for improv<strong>in</strong>g<br />
attraction <strong>of</strong> grasshoppers <strong>an</strong>d bait effectiveness on r<strong>an</strong>gel<strong>an</strong>d<br />
R. Nelson Foster, K. Chris Reuter <strong>an</strong>d Lonnie R. Black<br />
USDA-APHIS-PPQ-CPHST- CPHST <strong>Labora<strong>to</strong>ry</strong>, Phoenix, Arizona.<br />
Coopera<strong>to</strong>rs:<br />
J. Bruce Helbig, USDA, APHIS, PPQ, Pierre South Dakota<br />
Neal Wagner, Peacock Industries, Hague, SK C<strong>an</strong>ada<br />
Gary Sax<strong>to</strong>n, Wilbur-Ellis, Fresno, CA<br />
David I. B. V<strong>an</strong>der Hooven, Endres Process<strong>in</strong>g Ohio, LLC, Upper S<strong>an</strong>dusky, OH<br />
Mark Tubbs, r<strong>an</strong>cher, Edgemont, SD<br />
Abstract<br />
Wheat br<strong>an</strong>, apple pumice <strong>an</strong>d food waste carbaryl baits, conta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g a c<strong>an</strong>ola oil additive<br />
were evaluated for improved efficacy aga<strong>in</strong>st Cordillacris occipitalis, a common<br />
r<strong>an</strong>gel<strong>an</strong>d grasshopper species categorized as “nonsusceptible’ <strong>to</strong> bait. The addition <strong>of</strong><br />
the purported grasshopper attract<strong>an</strong>t <strong>to</strong> the solid baits did not signific<strong>an</strong>tly improve<br />
accept<strong>an</strong>ce <strong>of</strong> bait or the result<strong>in</strong>g efficacy. In two <strong>of</strong> five different types <strong>of</strong> <strong>an</strong>alyses<br />
conducted, improvement <strong>in</strong> efficacy was shown at only one <strong>of</strong> the seven post treatment<br />
<strong>in</strong>tervals evaluated, 7 days after treatment. Improvement <strong>in</strong> bait efficacy due <strong>to</strong> the<br />
addition <strong>of</strong> c<strong>an</strong>ola oil was m<strong>in</strong>imal, if at all, <strong>an</strong>d was considered negligible. Additional<br />
studies should be conducted <strong>to</strong> determ<strong>in</strong>e if bait efficacy aga<strong>in</strong>st “vulnerable” or<br />
“sensitive” species c<strong>an</strong> be improved <strong>to</strong> <strong>an</strong>y signific<strong>an</strong>t extent with the addition <strong>of</strong> c<strong>an</strong>ola<br />
oil.<br />
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