Young Socialists Magazine 1911 Jan June.pdf

6'l'BS =- IOOULIB'r JU.GAZIBlITHE Ll'l'TLB SOcu...LI8"f JlAG.&mlDHistory of Our Country for' Boys and Girls.8y FREDERI C K KRAPFT.TWENTY-FIFTH CHAPTERHa Vl' Yt)U ever !'iCCIl a stOIl~ 'quarry? It i:; a piac(' wi ll'n'large rofks aTC hroken into smallstone, to be lIsC'd for p.n-in'!stree ts or builc\ing ho uses.\\'c have la'rc a scene in lIungary.This we :,cc by the queercl othing of tl\l' man pushing backthe frightened horses. The locomotivein the distance .is also different fro m any se('n in th;"country.The men had just finishedchi seling into shape a la rgeboulder . which they had loosenedfrom the side of a hill, and whichthey had hoisted with great difficultyUpOIl a strong wagon l'SpCdallybuilt for such a purpose.See ho w heavil y the wheels arebuilt.T he stones w~igh five or sixthousand pounds. Perhaps youwould like to know how we J:uessII' l' \\'l·ij.!ht. \\"hat boyar girl callle l1 ? Those haying the samethought as the writer of this articlewill find their names printeJin the ncxt Ilnmhcr of this magazine.Before qossing a track al wayslook to the right and left beforeyou attempt to cross it, to see ifany danger is approaching. Nomatter what you do. beware ofdanger approaching. And aboveall listen to the warnings of t hoseolder than you, otherwise youwill lose your reason when it istoo late.~.~Just as they were crossing tht'track they Ill'anl the whistle of George-Missus, the little pigsthe locomotive. In a n instant he all dead!the driver took hold of one of thehorses. BUI t he horses are t horoly'Misslls-Lawks. George-! Howdid t hey die?frigh,tened, and we fear thatthe approaching 10CO Lllotive willGeorge-I think they diedkill either the man or th'.! ·appy. mis5us.horses. because horses, when in..._++-great fear, losl' all reason. LetuS hope that the engineer is ableto stop hi s train hefore it reachesInnkeeper-Going to Illak ~ ant'arly start to sec the glacier today,them.I see. Do you ' know,' itmons at the rate of only one footan hour? .T o urist- Yes; but m)' wife isso slow getting ready that I' mafraift we'll miss it after all!James Buchanan, the fifteenthpresident, was elected in 1856,Shortly after the Supreme Courtrendered the following decisionwhich created considerable ex ..citement everywhere: ( I) Thata negro, slave or free, who descendedfrom slave ancestor:;,was not an American citizen. (2)That therefore he could not sue(even for hi s li berty) in theUnited States courts. This i!'known as the Dred Scott deci ~sia n, o ro ught on by the tri a l of anegro by t hat name.\\"hilc the excitement W~ I S stillhi gh. another busin ess di sasterstruck the country, beginningwith the ia\lurc of a large hankingho use, whi ch dragged manybusiness houscs and ma nufacturingconcerns down with it. Thepanic was much worse than thaiof 1837. Everybody suffercdterribly. ),1any were fin anciallyruin ed. The motto, "In God vVcTrust ," whi ch was stamped onevery coin, did not prevent t hi sterrible disaster.n ut as tl ew fi.clds of wealthwere continually being discovered,it was easy to recoverfrom these blows. Shortly after.in 1859. some of the richest silvermines were discovered in themountain region of \ "'esternNevada. One of these minesalone yielded nearly three hundredmillion . . dollars worth ofsilver. Yc)'u may imagine howthis helped to revive business.August 5, 1858, marked a dateof the greatest importance to theworld, for on that day the layingof a monstrous telegraph wireill the Atlantic ocean had been(ompleted, whi ch connected Am ~l·r ica wi th Europe. We of todaycan hardly imagine the enthu·!'iaslll and astonishment this OlUi'\thave created, when it becameknown that news could be transmittedfrom one continent to anothn in a few minutes.Li ke every nc w invention thisdid tI ol wo rk smoothly in the be­;.:i nnin g-, and in a iew weeks th ..!l'ahh.' bccamc silent, and not un­IiI I 8(Xi. when a new cable waslaid , did things work properly.The invention oi the telegraphhrong-ht about new lines of in ~,]l1st ries, such as the manufactIlring- of telegraphic in struments.tl·kgr:lph linemen :lnd telegraph")lerators, practically a TleW c\:t.,!''If peoplc,T here li ved at this time Jo hnr~rown. a llIan with a great heartand couraRc. H e pitied the negro~la\'('s and decided to free themhy org-anizi ng them. and withtheir aid to strike a blow forthei r liberation. So in October.IRS9. Brown, with twenty companions,seized the { T. S. Arsenalat H arper's Ferry, sto pped railroautrains and cut the telegraphwi res, so that the news of his acts!'hol1ld not reach \Vashington.But he thought IllOst peoplewere as desirous as he to free the::Iavcs: H e soon found out hewas mistaken. He was overpowcredand h a ng ~d with six ofhis companions.This incident brought the excitementin this country to awhite heat, and everybody wasdetermincd to expr~:;s hi:- o pin ­ion by his \'ote at the ncxt el ection.As a conscq ucnce io urpresid ent ial candidates werenominated, and Abraham Lincoln\\'a s elected, A icw Wc(·k ...a fter, ~Ol Hh Carolina s"'Cl'dcdfrom thc L' nion. and in ~l'\'eraln:olllhs other sOlll lwI'1I slah''''fo1 10\\" ...