HERODOTUS

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INTRODUCTIONCh. 52-57. Flight of the Greek centre ;Amompharetus'refusal to change his ground.Ch. 58-65. Battle of Plataea ;initial success ofSpartans and Tegeans.Ch. 66-69. Flight of Artabazus ;Athenian successagainst the Boeotians ;disaster to part of the Greekarmy.Ch. 70-75. Assault and capture of the Persianfortified camp. Distinctions of various Greekfighters.Ch. 76-79. Pausanias' reception of the Coanfemale suppliant ;the Mantineans and Eleans afterthe battle ; Lampon's proposal to Pausanias andhis reply.Ch. 80-85. Greek division of the spoil and burialof the dead.Ch. 86-89. Siege of Thebes and punishment ofTheban leaders ;retreat of Artabazus.Ch. 90-95. Envoys from Samos with the Greekfleet. Story of the diviner Euenius.the battleCh. 96105. Movements preliminary toof Mycale, and Greek victory there.Ch. 106, 107. Greek deliberation at Samos ;quarrel between Persian leaders.Ch. 108-113. Story of Xerxes' adultery and cruelty,and the fate of his brother Masistes.Ch. 114-121. Capture of Sestus by the Greeks;sacrilege of Artayctes, and his execution.Ch. 122. Cyrus' advice to the Persians to preferhardship to comfort.In the eighth and ninth books the central subjectsare the battles of Salamis and Plataea respectively.Herodotus describes the preliminaries of Salamis,
INTRODUCTIONand both the operations prior to Plataea and theactual battle, with much detail ; and his narrativehas given rise to a good deal of controversy. Sometimesit is dillicult to reconcile his story with thehe isfacts of geography. Sometimes, it is alleged, contradicted by the only other real authorityfor thesea flight at Salamis, Aeschylus. More often, he issaid to sin against the laws of probability.Hemakes generals and armies do things which aresurprising and this is alleged to detract from his;credit ;for a historian, who allows generals andarmies to disregard known rules of war, is plainlysuspect, and at best the dupe of camp gossip,if notanimated by partiality or even malice.As to the battle of Salamis, a mere translator hasno desire to add greatly to the literature of controversy.But it is worth while to review Herodotus'account. On the day before the battle, the Persianfleet, apparently, lay along the coast of Attica, itseastern wing being near Munychia the Greeks;being at Salamis, opposite to and rather less thana mile distant from Xerxes' ships. During thenight, Persian ships were detached to close the twoentrances of the straits between the mainland andSalamis. At dawn, of the following day, the Greeksrowed out and made a frontal attack on the Persiansfacing them.This account is questioned by the learned, mainlyon two grounds; firstly, because (it is alleged) thePersians, if they originally lay along the Attic coast,could not have closed the two entrances of thestraits without the knowledge of the Greeks ;secondly, because Herodotus' narrative differs fromthat given by Aeschylus, in the Persae, a playxi
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BOOK IX
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BOOK IX1. Mardonius, when Alexander
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BOOK IX. 2-5itself;and after that,
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BOOK IX. 5-7round l.ycidas and ston
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BOOK IX. 7-8and Plataeae, they came
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BOOK IX. 8-10till the day after ;an
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BOOK IX.lo-nand they gave the comma
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BOOK IX. 11-13against the " strange
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pass over Cithaercn. 173BOOK IX. 13
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BOOK IX.!5-i6Hysiae and reached unt
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BOOK IX. 16-17and those honourable
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1That is, serve us and we will serv
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BOOK IX. 19-21sacrifice being favou
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BOOK IX. 21-23Pausanias inquired am
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BOOK IX. 23-25they cried to the res
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BOOK IX. 25-26they resolved that th
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BOOK JX. 26-27contrariwise the Hera
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BOOK IX. 27clidae had till then bee
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BOOK IX. 27-28men. Command us then,
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BOOK IX. 28-31Pale in Cephallenia a
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BOOK IX. 31mourning for Masistius,
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BOOK IX. 31-33he arrayed against th
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BOOK IX. 33-34standing that oracle,
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BOOK IX. 34-37thereat they promised
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BOOK IX. 37-38of Elis was his divin
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BOOK IX. 38-40and for gain. But whe
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BOOK IX. 40-41were ever guiding the
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BOOK IX. 41-43seek to wring good fr
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BOOK IX. 43-45army of the Enchelees
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BOOK IX. 45-46you must reveal to no
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BOOK IX. 46-48have fought with the
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BOOK IX. 48-49station, using Atheni
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BOOK IX. 49-51whereas the Asopus wa
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BOOK IX. 51-53horsemen, as now when
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BOOK IX. 53-55of the Pitanate 1 bat
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BOOK IX. 55-57wise prevail with him
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BOOK IX. 57-58arms he led it at a f
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BOOK IX. 58-60so sore affrighted by
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BOOK IX. 60-62brunt of their assaul
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BOOK IX. 62-64the Lacedaemonians gr
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BOOK IX. 64-66rest of Pausanias' an
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BOOK IX. 66-69of leading them to ba
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BOOK IX. 69-70battle and that Pausa
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BOOK IX. 70-71this manger of Mardon
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BOOK IX. 71-73most bravely, those S
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BOOK IX. 73-74broke with a great ho
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'BOOK IX. 75-7675. Another famous f
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BOOK IX. 76-78you be verily daughte
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BOOK IX. 78-80was slain at Thermopy
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BOOK IX. 80-81and cups and other dr
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BOOK IX 82-8382. This other story i
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BOOK IX. 83-85one without suture, a
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BOOK IX. 85-87their tombs are but e
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BOOK IX. 87-89ourselves up to be tr
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BOOK IX. 89-90close after me. It is
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BOOK IX. 90-93have any suspicion th
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BOOK IX. 93-94Apollonia set great s
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BOOK IX. 94-96choose, if the people
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BOOK IX. 96-98deemed themselves ove
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Cp. viii. 22. 275BOOK IX. 98-99held
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BOOK IX. 99-101Furthermore, they ap
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BOOK IX. 101-102month was proved to
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crjs here probably means "doubtful,
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BOOK IX. 105-106105. In that battle
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BOOK IX. 106-108yielded. Thus it ca
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BOOK IX. 108-109Sardis ever since h
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BOOK IX. 109-111that he feared lest
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BOOK IX. 111-113you must live no lo
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BOOK IX. 113-115havoc made of his w
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BOOK IX. 115-117by the Aeolians of
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BOOK IX. 117-120from home and their
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BOOK IX. 120-122guarded Artayctes h
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BOOK IX. 122before Cyrus ; this was
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INDEXAchilleium, a town in Asia Min
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INDEXAgetus, a Spartan, vi. 61Agis,
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;INDEXAmpe, a town on the Persian g
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INDEXApaturia, an Athenian festival
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INDEXArgippaei, a primitive people
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INDEXArtace, a town near Cyzicus, i
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INDEXAsopus, (1) a river in Trachis
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INDEXMagian, then of Darius, in. 68
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INDEXdevotion,Bisaltes, a man of Ab
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INDEXCallantiae, an Indian people,
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INDEXCasian mountain, low sandhills
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INDEXvi. 140 ;Xerxes' bridge there,
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INDEXCnidus, in Caria, on the Triop
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INDEXI. 34-45 ; gifts to Delphi and
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INDEXlive in a fertile country, IX.
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INDEXotherDemarmenus, a Spartan, v.
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INDEXEeropus, a king of Tegea, ix.
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INDEXErechtheus, a legendary Attic
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INDEXlimit of Persian advance in Eu
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INDEXGetae, a Thracian tribe said t
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INDEXHelen, her abduction from Spar
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INDEXHippocoon, a follower of Cadmu
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INDEXladmon, a Samian, his slaves R
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INDEXIschenoiin, an Aeginetan, vn.
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INDEXLebaea, a town in Macedonia, v
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INDEXin the Greek fleet, vm. 1 ;Ozo
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INDEXtown in Asia near the Maeander
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INDEXMedians (as distinct from Pers
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INDEXMendesian province, n. 42, 46;
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INDEXMophi, one of two hills allege
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INDEXNestor, of Pjdus, the Homeric
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INDEX(2) A Persian, father of Sirom
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INDEXIonian rebels, v. 11G, 123. (3
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INDEXthere, n. 63; "river-horses" s
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INDEXments there, n. 154; Psammenit
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INDEXPhaselis, a Dorian town of Asi
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INDEXPhronime, daughter of Etearchu
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INDEXinduced to leave Samos, and mu
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INDEXof twelve states in N.E. Greec
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INDEXLacedaemonian attack on Samos,
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INDEXScylax, (1) a man of Caryanda,
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INDEXSindus, a town on the Thermaic
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INDEXvu. 24; Bithynians of Asia ori
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INDEXTaricheae (salting-places), ne
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INDEXThebe, (1) legendary daughter
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INDEXVII. 132; Greek force there, v
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INDEXTisandrus, (1) an Athenian, fa
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INDEXXanthus, a tow.i in Lycia, res
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Printed in Great Britain byRichard
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THE LOEB CLASSICALLIBRARYVOLUMES AL
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OVID: FASTI. Sir James G. Frazer.OV
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AniSTOTLB: PHYPICS. R*v. P. Wickste
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PHILOSTRATUS : THE Lrrz OT AFOLLONT
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Other Greek Historians in the Loeb
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HERODOTUS

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