Siyavula: Life Sciences Grade 10 - Cd3wd.com

18 CHAPTER 1. LIFE AT THE MOLECULAR, CELLUAR AND TISSUE LEVELFigure 1.91. Catabolic enzyme reactions: A larger molecule is broken down by an enzyme into smaller molecules.sucraseE.g. Sucrose [U+F0E8] glucose + fructose1. Anabolic enzyme reaction: Smaller molecules are combined by an enzyme to form larger molecules.sucraseE.g. Glucose + fructose [U+F0E8] sucroseEnzymes in everyday lifeThe properties of enzymes to control reactions have been widely used for commercial purposes. Some ofthese uses are listed below:• biological washing powders contain enzymes such as lipase and protease which assist in the breakdownof stains caused by foods, blood, fat or grease. These biological washing powders save energy as theyare eective at low temperatures.• Meat tenderisers are enzymes which are obtained from fruits such as papaya or pineapple. The fruitcontains enzymes that break down proteins.• Lactose free milk is manufactured primarily for people whom are lactose intolerant. Lactose intolerantindividuals lack the enzyme lactase that digests lactose (milk sugar). Lactose is pre-digested by addinglactase to the milk.Indigenous knowledge systems