Ford Everest.pdf

EverestModel Introduction Training ForApproved Motor Body Repairers

Powerful Stance with Eye-Catching DetailsThe new Everest has an unmistakably confident stance that communicatesthis vehicle is ready to go, whether it’s around town, on a great journey or toeven greater heights.The bodywork of Everest’s sides is accentuated by bold wheel arches, whichfurther communicate its stance, on-the-road handling character and off-roadcapabilities. Visually, Everest is a vehicle of substance.Everest’s profile also features a number of eye-catching details. Thesefeatures make selective use of contrasting metal shades and chrome toachieve an effect like that of accessories in a fashion ensemble.Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

ContentsOverview 4New Technical Specifications 10Body 20Supplemental Restraint System 42Wildtrak58This self-study programme highlights the design and function of new vehicle models,new automotive components or new technologies.The self-study programme is not a repair manual!All values given are intended as a guideline only.For maintenance and repair work, always refer to the current technical literature.REFERENCE!NOTE!Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

OverviewNew and with Kinetic Design CuesThe elegant and refined styling of the front grille, power dome and headlampsprovide a distinctive and dependable premium character to the New FordEverest.Integrated Rear DesignThe graphically advanced design of the rear tail lamps, the integrated CentreHigh Mount Stop Lamp, the new rear tail gate design and the chamfered rearbumper epitomizes the New Ford Everest’s character and capabilities.Distinctive and Dominant Alloy WheelsComes standard on all derivatives and adds stunning visual appeal to theTough and Contemporary New Ford EverestUnique 5-Speed Automatic Transmission with Overdrive FeatureThe class leading 5-speed automatic transmission offers the right balance ofperformance and fuel economy.Interior Flexibility with Synchronic SeatsThe New Ford Everest’s interior versatility provides the optimal mix betweenseven-seat comfort and outstanding space.SafetySitting in the New Ford Everest you are cocooned in a shell with a whole hostof safety features like Dual-Stage front and side Airbags for the driver andfront passenger and Anti-lock braking Systems (ABS) with Electronic BrakeForce Distribution (EBD) for confident, comfortable braking.Best in Class Peak Torque PerformanceThe New Ford Everest has been designed with ultra-modern technology tocreate an ultra-responsive SUV that converts every last drop of fuel intorefined power.Superior Driving ComfortThe leaf-spring suspension with rear stabilizer ensures that the New FordEverest provides excellent balance between driving comfort and spring stressboth on off-road drives and normal city roads.4Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

OverviewModels3.0TDCi 4x2 M/T XLTKey Features:• 3.0 TDCi DuraTorq Engine• 4x2• 5 Speed Manual Transmission• ABS• Dual Front Airbags• Side Airbags3.0TDCi 4x4 M/T XLTKey Features:• 3.0 TDCi DuraTorq Engine• 4x4• 5 Speed Manual Transmission• ABS• Dual Front Airbags• Side Airbags3.0TDCi 4x4 A/T LTDKey Features:• 3.0 TDCi DuraTorq Engine• 4x4• 5 Speed Automatic Transmission• ABS• Dual Front Airbags• Side AirbagsCopyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa. 5

OverviewFeatures3.0TDCi 4x2 M/T XLT 3.0TDCi 4x$ M/T XLT 3.0TDCi 4x4 A/T LTDTransmissionDrive wheels Rear 4WD 4WDType 5-Speed Manual 5-Speed Manual 5-Speed AutomaticElectronic Shift-On-The-Fly - - StdWheelsFront16”7JJ Ford design alloy245/70R16 (T-rated comm)6”7JJ Ford design alloy245/70R16 (T-rated comm)6”7JJ Ford design alloy245/70R16 (T-rated comm)Rear6”7JJ Ford design alloy245/70R16 (T-rated comm)6”7JJ Ford design alloy245/70R16 (T-rated comm)6”7JJ Ford design alloy245/70R16 (T-rated comm)Spare wheel Full size Full size Full sizeSteeringPower assisted steering Std Std StdTilt adjustable steering Std Std StdSuspensionLimited slip differential Std Std StdHigh-trail suspension Std Std StdFront: Double wishbone Std Std StdRear: Leaf springs Std Std StdRear stabilizer bar Std Std StdSafety & SecurityABS braking + EBD Std Std StdAirbags (number) 4 4 4Remote central locking Std Std StdAlarm Std Std StdImmobiliser Std Std StdExteriorRoof rails Std Std StdSide step Std Std StdBody side cladding - - StdPower mirror/indicator Std Std StdPuddle lamp - - StdFog lamps Std Std StdHigh mount stop lamp Std Std Std6Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

OverviewPower and PerformancePeak Torque PerformanceThe 3-litre DuraTorq TDCi engine, delivers 115kW of power and 380Nmtorque and provides the true 4x4 experience. The New Ford Everest addsquickness and agility to ultimate driving comfort.3.0TDCI DuraTorqDisplacement cc2953ccNumber of cylinders 4Valve per cylinder 4Bore and stroke96x102 (mm)Power (kW @ rpm) 115 @ 3200Torque (Nm @ rpm) 380 @ 1800Fuel systemTurbochargerIntercoolerStage II emissionsStdStdCompression ratio 18.0:1Variable Geometry TurbochargerThe variable geometry turbocharger (VGT) virtually eliminates turbo lag andbroadens the torque curve and provides great driving ease at low speeds,positive response and spirited acceleration, as well as greater engine powerand torque in the New Ford Everest.Engine Low SpeedVane Opening: SmallFlow Speed: HighEngine High SpeedVane Opening: LargeFlow Speed: LowCopyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa. 7

OverviewColour CodesSparkling Gold- 34EBlack Mica-16WCool White-A2WHighlight Silver-18GTitanium Grey-30BWinning Blue-37LDesert Bronze-37P8Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

OverviewFord Everest Dimensions5062mm26322860mm1826mm1788mm3.0TDCi 4x2 M/T XLT 3.0TDCi 4x4 M/T XLT 3.0TDCi 4x4 A/T LTDFront Track 1475mm 1475mm 1475mmRear Track 1470mm 1470mm 1470mmGVM 2605kg 2705kg 2736kgGCM 3805kg 3905kg 3936kgTowing mass 1200kg 1200kg 1200kgFuel Tank 71 Litres 71 Litres 71 LitresGround Clearance 207mm 207mm 207mmCopyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa. 9

Technical SpecificationsConventional Brake SystemBrakes• A tandem-type master cylinder has been adopted, improving brakingforce.• A large diameter, tandem diaphragm power brake unit has beenadopted, improving braking force.• A large diameter, ventilated disc-type front brake has been adopted,improving braking force.• A two-piston type front disc brake calliper has been adopted, improvingbraking force.• A wide width lining for the rear brake drum has been adopted,improving braking force.• An Automatic adjustment mechanism rear brake (drum) has beenadopted, improving serviceability.• A vacuum pump has been adopted, improving braking force.Load SensingProportioning Valve (LSPV)Master CylinderPower Brake UnitRear Brake DrumFront Brake DiscVacuum PumpFront Brake Disc• Two-piston type front disc brake calliperhas been adopted, improving braking force.• Large diameter, ventilated disc type frontbrakes with a 289mm diameter and 28mmthickness have been adopted, improvingbraking force and fade resistance.10Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

Technical SpecificationsRear Brake Drum• A leading/trailing type rear drum brake, with a 295mm drum innerdiameter and 23.81mm wheel cylinder inner diameter, has beenadopted, improving braking force and fade resistance.• Braking stability is ensured by use of 55mm width linings.• It has an incremental automatic adjustment mechanism for shoeclearance to improve serviceabilityBacking PlateShoe Hold PinWheel CylinderOperating LeverBrake ShoeBrake DrumRear ParkingBrake CableAdjust StrutPawl LeverParking Brake OverviewParking BrakeSwitchParking BrakeLeverFront Parking Brake CableRear ParkingBrake CableCopyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa. 11

Technical SpecificationsAnti-lock Brake SystemSuperior Braking with ABS and EBDThe New Ford Everest is designed for provide responsive and reassuringbraking performance with its four-wheel Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) withG-sensor equipped Electronic Brakeforce Distribution (EBD) for stable brakingeven when heavily loaded.Anti-lock Braking SystemPrevents wheel lockup during hard braking, even on slippery surfaces,assisting the driver in maintaining directional control in the New Ford Everest.Electronic Brakeforce DistributionOptimizes the distribution of braking force to the front and rear wheels inaccordance with the vehicle’s speed and load. The system is calibrated forexcellent adaptability to a wide range of laden and un-laden conditions,reflecting the premium versatility of the New Ford Everest.Instrument ClusterRear ABS Wheel-SpeedSensorABS WarningLightABS HU/CMG SensorFront ABS Wheel-SpeedSensorABS [4W-ABS]• The ABS HU/CM, integrating both the hydraulic unit (HU) and controlmodule (CM), has been adopted, resulting in size and weight reduction.• Select-low controlled-4-wheel anti-lock brake system with 4-sensor and3-channel has been adopted, and has the following features.• The integrated ABS Hydraulic Unit/Control Module (HU/CM) system iscompact, lightweight and highly reliable.12Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

Technical SpecificationsABS Wheel-Speed Sensor and Rotor Construction & OperationABS Wheel-Speed SensorPermanent MagnetCoilABS Sensor RotorPole PieceConstruction• The front ABS wheel-speed sensoris installed on the steering knuckleand the front ABS sensor rotor isintegrated with the front wheel hub(4x2) or drive shaft (4x4).• The rear ABS wheel-speed sensoris installed on the hub spindle andthe rear ABS sensor rotor isintegrated with the rear axle shaft.+V_Output Voltage WaveformLow SpeedHigh SpeedOperation• As the ABS sensor rotor rotates,magnetic flux formed from thepermanent magnet varies and analternating current is formed withan electromagnetic conductor.Using this alternating current,rotation speed is expressed as avarying proportional cycle and fromdetection of this cycle the CM partof the ABS HU/CM can then detectthe wheel rotation speed. While thestructures of the front and rear ABSwheel-speed sensor differ, theoperation is the same.G Sensor FunctionNOTE!• Because the 4x2 vehicle is based on the 4x4 vehicle, the 4x4 ABSsystem has been adopted, Therefore, the G-sensor, which is generallyinstalled to 4x4 vehicles only, is installed to the 4x2 vehicle.• Because the 4x4 vehicle ABS system has been adopted on the 4x2vehicle, the ABS is controlled in the same way as the 4x4 vehicle.In the 4x2 vehicle and the 4x4 vehicle, the G-sensor detects and calculatesthe vehicle G force (acceleration and deceleration G force), and outputs thechange in voltage to the ABS HU/CM.Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa. 13

Technical SpecificationsPower SteeringSteering WheelReserve TankSteering Column & ShaftPower SteeringOil PumpSteering Gear & LinkageWith the adoption of an engine speed sensing power steering mechanism,handling stability has been improved, as well as the adoption of a steeringcolumn with a tilt mechanism, operability has been improved.With the adoption of a steering shaft with an energy absorbing mechanism,safety has been improved.789.9-792.9mm14Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

Technical SpecificationsSuspensionFront suspension• The double wishbone suspension, which has A-shape lower arms, isused for the front suspension. A-shape lower arms have high rigidlyand durability.• The torsion bar springs are used for both 4x2 and 4x4 models.4x2• The torsion bar spring is pre-coiled in one direction. It therefore givesample spring performance when installed correctly, but only half ifinstalled in reverse.An R (right) or L (left) is marked on the rear end of the bar todistinguish one from the other.The left and right, and 4x2 and 4x4 torsion bar springs are notinterchangeable.Shock AbsorberUpper ArmTorsion Bar SpringFront StabilizerLower Arm4x4Shock AbsorberTorsion Bar SpringUpper ArmFront StabilizerLower ArmCopyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa. 15

Technical SpecificationsWheel hub, Steering knuckle and Wheel bearing4x224.5-36.2n.m1019-25n.m79108-127n.m37.3-51.0n.m15264319-25n.m69.2-93.2n.m235-314n.m854.9-67.6n.m1144.1-58.8n.m157-209n.m88.2-117.6n.m1 ABS Wheel Speed Sensor 7 Tie-Rod End Ball Joint2 Hub Cap 8 Stabilizer Bolt3 Locknut 9 Shock Bolt4 Wheel & Tire 10 Upper Arm Ball Joint5 Brake Caliper6 Brake Disc11 Lower Arm Ball Joint1 Wheel Hub62 ABS Sensor Rotor433 Retaining Ring254 Wheel Bearing5 Dust Cover16 Steering Knuckle7 Wheel StudWheelBearingSide716Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

Technical Specifications4x424.5-36.2n.m7653.9-60.8n.m108-127n.m437.3-51.0n.m2369.2-93.2n.m5844.1-58.8n.m1235-314n.m19-25n.m157-209n.m1 Locknut 5 Stabilizer Bolt2 Brake Caliper 6 Shock Bolt3 Brake Disc 7 Upper Arm Ball Joint4 Tie-Rod End Ball Joint 8 Lower Arm Ball Joint161 Oil Seal432 Wheel Hub53 Retaining Ring4 Wheel Bearing25 Dust Cover6 Steering Knuckle7 Wheel Stud7Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa. 17

Technical SpecificationsVehicle Ride Height• The vehicle height can be adjusted by turning the torsion bar springanchor bolt. When adjustment is required, adjust the vehicle height asfollows:1. Place the vehicle on level ground.2. Inspect the front and rear tire pressure and adjust it if necessary.3. Measure the distance from the centre of each front wheel to thefender brim.Standard vehicle height: 502-542mm*Difference between left and right: 10mm max4. If the difference between left and right is not within thespecification, adjust the vehicle height by turning the torsion barspring anchor bolt.Vehicle Height4x24x4Anchor BoltAnchor BoltRear Suspension4x24x418Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

Technical Specifications• The rigid axle suspension with leaf spring is used for the rearsuspension.• To prevent wind-up of the leaf springs during rapid acceleration ordeceleration, the shock absorber on the right side is mounted at therear of the axle and the left one is mounted at the front of the axle,(bias mount).In order to increase the rigidity in the lateral direction,wide shackle plates are used in the frame mounting.• The rear springs are mounted on top of the axle housing to raise thecentre of gravity. Thus, the shock absorbers attach directly to bracketswelded to the axle housing.8 275-313n.m12.8-21.6n.m379111412131521819-25n.m1016194108-128n.m20176511 Brake Drum 11 Bearing Inner Race2 Park Brake Cable Connecting Pin 12 Bearing Spacer3 Brake Pipe 13 Oil Seal4 Nut 14 Bearing Outer Race5 Axle Shaft 15 Backing Plate6 Shim 16 Axle Shaft7 ABS Sensor Rotor 17 Hub Bolt8 Bearing Locknut 18 Baffle9 Lock Washer 19 Oil Seal10 Bearing Housing 20 O-RingCopyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa. 19

BodyTowing and Jacking VehicleTowingProper lifting and towing are necessary to prevent damage to the vehicle.Do not tow with sling-type equipment. This could damage your vehicle.Use wheel-lift or flatbed equipment.20Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

BodyWith Manual TransmissionIf the transmission, rear axle, and steering system are not damaged, thevehicle may be towed on all four wheels. If any of these components aredamaged, use wheel dollies.With Automatic TransmissionIf excessive damage or other conditions prevent towing the vehicle with thedriving wheels off the ground, use wheel dollies.If all four wheels are on the ground, the vehicle may be towed only forward.Do not exceed 45 km/h and a distance of 15 km, you could damage thetransmission.If speed must exceed 45 km/h or a towing distance of 15 km, use one of thesemethods:• Place the rear wheels on dollies.• Tow with the rear wheels off the ground.• Disconnect the propeller shaft.If the transmission or rear axle is inoperative, tow with the rear wheels off theground.Follow these instructions when towing the vehicle with all wheels on theground or with the front wheels on the ground and the rear wheelsraised.4 x 4 Models1. Put the transfer case in 2H.2. Set the transfer case at 2H and the hubs at FREE.All Models1. Set the transmission in neutral.2. Turn the engine switch to ACC(I).3. Release the parking brake.Remember that power assist for the brakes and steering will not be availablewhen the engine is not running.If the vehicle has 4 x 4, change to 2-wheel drive before having the vehicletowed. If this is not possible, tow with all four wheels raised.Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa. 21

BodyTowing HooksThe towing hooks should be used only in an emergency. When usingthe towing hooks, always pull the cable or chain in a straight directionwith respect to the hook. Apply no sideways force.Tie down HooksDo not use the hook loops under the front for towing. They are designedONLY for tying down the vehicle when it is being transported. Usingthem for towing will damage the bumper.4x24x4Jacking Positions, Vehicle Lift Positions, Safety Stand PositionsImproperly jacking a vehicle is dangerous. The vehicle can slip off thejack and cause serious injury. Use only the correct front and rearjacking positions and block the wheels.Use safety stands to support the vehicle after it has been lifted.Front Jack PositionRear Jack Position22Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

BodyFront Lift PostRear Lift PostFront Safety StandsRear Safety StandsCopyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa. 23

BodyFrame DimensionsFlat-plane DimensionsPointSymbolDesignationHole Diameter/Bolt/Nut sizemmPointSymbolDesignationHole Diameter/Bolt/Nut sizemmA Cabin Mounting Bracket 23 G Torsion Bar Bracket 13.7B Bumper Stay Bracket 15 H Cabin Mounting Bracket 65C Reboud Stop Bracket 12.5 I Cabin Mounting Bracket 26D Upper Arm Bracket 16 J Side Member 15E Rebound Stop Bracket 12.5F Cabin Mounting Bracket 60K Cabin Mounting Bracket 3624Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

BodyCabin Side Frame Straight Line DimensionsPointSymbolDesignationHole Diameter/Bolt/Nut sizemmPointSymbolDesignationHole Diameter/Bolt/Nut sizemmAWheel Apron Panel FrontDatum Hole12 GRear Door Hinge InstallationHole12B Shroud Panel Datum Hole 7 HRear Door Hinge InstallationHole12CWindshield Garnish InstallationSquare Hole6.8x6.8IQuater Window InstallationHole10DFront Door Hinge InstallationHole12 JRear Door Switch InstallationHole12EFront Door Hinge InstallationHoleF Center pillar Notch -12KQuater Window InstallationHole8.2x15Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa. 25

BodyFront Body Straight Line DimensionsPointSymbolDesignationHole Diameter/Bolt/Nut sizemmPointSymbolDesignationHole Diameter/Bolt/Nut sizemmA Shroud Panel Datum Hole 7 D Shroud Panel Datum Hole 7B Shroud Panel Datum Hole 7 E Shroud Panel Datum Hole 6.2C Shroud Panel Datum Hole 7 F Shroud Panel Datum Hole 6.2x826Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

BodyPointSymbolDesignationHole Diameter/Bolt/Nut sizemmPointSymbolDesignationHole Diameter/Bolt/Nut sizemmABCDWindshield Garnish InstallationSquare HoleWindshield Garnish InstallationSquare HoleBonnet Hinge InstallationHoleFront Fender InstallationHole6.8x6.8 E Shroud Gusset Datum Hole 146.8x6.8 F Cowl Panel Datum Slot 6.2X812 F’ Cowl Panel Datum Hole 6.210 G Shroud Panel Datum Hole 10Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa. 27

BodyRoom Straight Line DimensionsPointSymbolDesignationHole Diameter/Bolt/Nut sizemmPointSymbolDesignationHole Diameter/Bolt/Nut sizemmA Harness Installation Hole 7 E Rear Pillar Inner Datum Hole 12B Front Pillar Inner Datum Hole 10 FC Cowl Side Panel Datum Hole 6 GCenter Pillar Inner DatumHoleSeatbelt Guide InstallationHole107DChange Boots InstallationHole10 HCenter Pillar Inner DatumHole728Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

BodyPointSymbolDesignationHole Diameter/Bolt/Nut sizemmPointSymbolDesignationHole Diameter/Bolt/Nut sizemmABCCenter Pillar Inner DatumHoleSeatbelt Guide InstallationHoleCenter Pillar Inner DatumHole10 F Rear Pillar Inner Datum Hole 127 G Striker Installation Hole 7.2x127 H Shroud Panel Datum Hole 10.2D Floor Mat Installation Hole 7.2x12 IRear Pillar Trim InstallationHole7.2x12ERear Pillar Trim InstallationHole12 J Striker Installation Hole 10.2Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa. 29

BodyPointSymbolDesignationHole Diameter/Bolt/Nut sizemmPointSymbolDesignationHole Diameter/Bolt/Nut sizemmARear Pillar Trim InstallationHole7.2x12 FRear Pillar Trim InstallationHole7.2x12B Rear Pillar Inner Datum Hole 12CRear Pillar Trim InstallationHole7.2x12GRear Pillar Trim InstallationHole7.2x12D Seat Installation Hole 16 HMat Set Plate InstallationHole12x7.2ERear Pillar Trim InstallationHole10.2 IRear Door Striker InstallationHole1330Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

BodyRear Body Straight Line DimensionsPointSymbolDesignationHole Diameter/Bolt/Nut sizemmPointSymbolDesignationHole Diameter/Bolt/Nut sizemmA Roof Panel Notch - D Corner Plate Datum HoleRH: 12LH: 13BRear Pillar Trim InstallationHole7.2x12 ERear Bumper InstallationHole12.2CCorner Plate Datum HoleRH: 12LH: 13FMat Set Plate InstallationHole7.2x12Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa. 31

BodyPointSymbolDesignationHole Diameter/Bolt/Nut sizemmPointSymbolDesignationHole Diameter/Bolt/Nut sizemmA Roof Panel Notch - D Corner Plate Datum HoleRH: 12LH: 13BRear Pillar Trim InstallationHole7.2x12 ERear Bumper InstallationHole12.2CCorner Plate Datum HoleRH: 12LH: 13FMat Set Plate InstallationHole7.2x1232Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

BodyBody StructurePure SUV stylingThe styling of the Everest is pure SUV. Various frontal presentations wereconsidered, but it was the bold front end of the Ranger that consumers liked.The platform – chassis, suspension, brakes, etc – is shared with the Rangerand so are some body panels like the front doors and the bonnet. However,all other sheet metal and glass is unique to the Everest.As it uses the Ranger platform, this means the Everest design has ‘body-onchassis’(BOC) construction, the traditional way of building pick-ups andSUVs. Typically, the body shell is bolted onto a chassis of two longitudinalbeams and the merits of this are in load-carrying capability.Everest’s protective body structure features door intrusion beams andreinforced A, B and C-pillars to manage crash forces away from the driver andpassengers and maintain the shape and integrity of the passenger safety cell.StructureRoof125341 Roof Panel 4 Roof Bow2 Roof Plug3 Header Assembly5 Roof BracketCopyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa. 33

BodySide Outer Panels123657109481 Rail Assembly 6 Lower Sill (Rear)2 Hinge Reinforcement 7 Rear Fender3 Weather Strip 8 B-Pillar (Outer)4 A-Pillar (Outer) 9 D-Pillar (Lower)5 Lower Sill (Front) 10 D-Pillar (Upper & Lower)34Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

BodySide Inner Panels8473526191012111 Cowl Panel 7 Rail Assembly (Rear)2 Support Bracket 8 D-Pillar (Inner)3 A-Pillar (Inner) 9 Rear Fender4 Reinforcement 10 C-Pillar (Inner)5 Rail Assembly (Front) 11 Wheel Housing (Inner)6 B-Pillar (Inner) 12 Rear Fender (Complete)Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa. 35

BodyTailgate1234256789101 Tail Gate 6 Boot Stay2 Hinge 7 Wedge3 Weather Strip 8 Striker4 Weather Strip 9 Striker5 Adjuster 10 Finisher36Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

BodyGlass1 Rear Window Glass 3 Rear Door Quarter Glass2 Rear Door Glass 4 Side GlassSide Window Glass Removal1. Remove the C-pillar trim.2. Apply protective tape along the edge of the body to protect it from damage3. Avoiding pins and spacers, make ahole through the sealant from theinside of the vehicle using an awl.4. Pass the piano wire through the hole.• Using a piano wire with barehands can cause injury.Always wear gloves whenusing a piano wire.Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa. 37

Body5. Wind each end of the piano wirearound a bar.• Use a long sawing action tospread the work over the wholelength of the piano wire toprevent it from breaking.6. Working with another person, sawthrough the sealant around the edgeof the glass.7. Remove the side window glass.Side Window glass Installation• Proper installation of the side window glass may be difficult if thesealant is cracked or the glass is pushed out by air pressurewhen a door is opened/closed with all the windows closed. Leaveall the windows open until the side window glass is installedcompletely.1. Cut away the old sealant using a razor so that 1-2mm thickness ofsealant remains around the circumference if the frame.• Using a razor with bare hands can cause injury. Always weargloves when using a razor.2. If the sealant has come off completely in any one place, apply someprimer after degreasing, and allow it approximately 30 minutes to dry.Then put new sealant to create a 2mm layer.3. Clean and degrease an approximately 50mm wide strip around thecircumference of the glass and the bonding area on the body.4. Insert the spacers into the body.38Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

Body5. Use only glass primer on the glass,and body primer on the body andmolding. Allow it to dry forapproximately 30 minutes.• Keep the area free of dirt andgrease, and do not touch thesurface. Otherwise, the primermay not properly bond to thesurface of the glass and body,which may cause leaks to occur.6. Apply sealant to the areas of the glasssurface as shown in the figure.7. Set the side window in place andinsert the pins into the body. Install theside window glass.8. Allow the sealant to hardencompletely.Sealant hardening time: 24 HoursCopyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa. 39

BodyAluminium AnodizingAnodizing Aluminium and How It WorksExposed to the earth's atmosphere, aluminium combines with oxygen to forma protective surface film which inhibits further oxidation of the aluminium.Unlike steel or iron alloys, aluminium will not continue to oxidize (rust) oncethis protective layer is formed. This natural oxide is extremely thin and looselyadhered to the aluminium surface, however, and is easily removed byhandling. Anodizing is a process which thickens the natural oxide filmresulting in a heavy aluminium oxide film of controlled thickness having thehardness similar to that of a ruby or sapphire.When aluminium is anodized conventionally, direct electrical current (DC) ispassed through a bath of sulphuric acid -- the electrolyte -- while thealuminium being treated serves as the anode. This produces a clear film ofaluminium oxide on the aluminium’s surface. Electron microscopy indicatesthat this layer is mostly porous with a very thin barrier layer at the base. Thisstructure lends itself very well to electrolytic colouring or absorptive dying.During the anodizing process, several controls are critical to assure thespecified film thickness, its abrasion resistance and density. These controlsinclude a precise combination of chemical concentration, temperature andcurrent density.Anodizing: Working With AluminiumThe quality of finished aluminium extrusions and anodized products is afunction of the knowledge, experience and capability of the people andequipment used. To achieve this first-rate extrusions and anodized finishes,meticulous attention must be paid to every detail -- from using the finestaluminium and press practices to maintaining the tightest chemical andelectrical controls.Anodizing SpecificationsSpecificationCoatingThicknessCoatingWeightADTRemarksESB-M4P6-B - - - Superceded by WSB-M4P9-B2ESB-M4P9-A1 - - - Superceded by WSB-M4P9-B1ESB-M4P9-A2 - - - Superceded by WSB-M4P9-B2ESB-M4P10-A - - - Superceded by WSB-M4P10-B3ESB-M4P11-A - - - Superceded by WSB-M4P11-B3WSB-M4P9-B12>0.1mil (2.5 um) > 6.2 g/m < 6.0 Clear-InteriorWSB-M4P9-B22>0.3mil (8 um) > 18.6 g/m < 6.0 Clear-ExteriorWSB-M4P10-B12>0.1mil (2.5 um) > 6.2 g/m < 6.0 Dyed-InteriorWSB-M4P11-B12>0.3mil (8 um) > 18.6 g/m < 6.0 Electrolytic Colour-Interior/Exterior40Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

BodyThe Aluminium Anodizing ProcessPre-Treatment: Cleaning is done in a non-etching, alkaline detergent heatedto approximately 145 degrees Fahrenheit. This process removes accumulatedcontaminants and light oils.Rinsing: Multiple rinses, some using strictly de-ionized water, follow eachprocess step.Etching (Chemical Milling): Etching in caustic soda (sodium hydroxide)prepares the aluminium for anodizing by chemically removing a thin layer ofaluminium. This alkaline bath gives the aluminium surface a matteappearance.Desmutting: Rinsing in an acidic solution removes unwanted surface alloyconstituent particles not removed by the etching process.Anodizing: Aluminium is immersed in a tank containing an electrolyte havinga 15% sulphuric acid concentration. Electric current is passed through theelectrolyte and the aluminium is made the anode in this electrolytic cell; thetank is the cathode. Voltage applied across the anode and cathode causesnegatively charged anions to migrate to the anode where the oxygen in theanions combines with the aluminium to form aluminium oxide (Al 2 O 3 ).Colouring: Anodic films are well suited to a variety of colouring methodsincluding absorptive dyeing, both organic and inorganic dyestuffs, andelectrolytic colouring.Sealing: In all the anodizing process, the proper sealing of the porous oxidecoating is absolutely essential to the satisfactory performance of the coating.The pores must be rendered non-absorbent to provide maximum resistance tocorrosion and stains. This is accomplished through a hydrothermal treatmentin proprietary chemical baths or by capping the pores via the precipitation ofmetal salts in the pore openings.The AnodizingProcessCopyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa. 41

Restraint SystemAirbag SystemAirbag module inspection• Inspecting an airbag module using a tester can operate (deploy) theairbag module, which may cause serious injury. Do not use a tester toinspect an airbag module. Always use the onboard diagnostic functionto diagnose the airbag module for malfunctions.NOT GOODAirbag module handling• Before removing the airbag module or disconnecting the airbag moduleconnector, always turn the ignition switch to the lock position,disconnect the negative battery cable, and then wait for 1 minute ormore to allow the backup power supply of the SAS control module todeplete its stored power.• Handling a live (undeployed) airbag module that is pointed toward yourbody could result in serious injury if the airbag module were toaccidentally operate (deploy). When carrying a live (undeployed)airbag module, point the deployment surface away from your body tolessen the chance of injury in case it operates (deploys).GOODNOT GOOD42Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

Restraint System• A live (undeployed) airbag module placed with its deployment surfaceto ground is dangerous. If the airbag module were to accidentallyoperate (deploy), it could cause serious injury. Always place a live(undeployed) airbag module with its deployment surface up.GOODNOT GOODSAS control module handling• Remove the SAS control module or disconnecting the SAS controlmodule connector with the ignition switch at the ON position canactivate the sensor in the SAS control module and operate (deploy) theairbags and pre-tensioner seat belts, which may cause serious injury.Before removing the SAS control module or disconnecting the SAScontrol module connector, always turn the ignition switch to the LOCKposition, disconnect the negative battery cable, and wait for 1 minute ormore to allow the backup power supply of the SAS control module todeplete its stored power.• Connecting the SAS control module connector with the SAS controlmodule not securely fixed to the vehicle is dangerous. The sensor inthe SAS control module could send an electrical signal to the airbagmodules and pre-tensioner seat belts. This will operate (deploy) theairbags and pre-tensioner seat belts, which may result in serious injury.Therefore, before connecting the connector, securely fix the SAScontrol module to the vehicle.• Because a sensor is built into the SAS control module, once the airbagand pre-tensioner seat belts have operated (deployed) due to acollision or other causes, the SAS control module must be replacedwith a new one even if the used one does not have any visible externaldamage or deformation. The used SAS control module may have beendamaged internally, which may cause improper operation. If the SAScontrol module is reused, the airbags and pre-tensioner seat belts maynot operate (deploy) normally, which could result in a serious accident.Always replace the SAS control module with a new one. The SAScontrol module cannot be bench-checked or self-checked.Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa. 43

Restraint SystemSide airbag module handling• When a side airbag module operates (deploys) due to a collision, theinterior of the seat back (pad, frame, trim) may become damaged. If aside airbag does not operate (deploy) normally from a seat back thathas been reused, a serious accident may result. After a side airbaghas operated (deployed), always replace both the side airbag moduleand the seat back (pad, frame, trim) with new parts. After servicing,verify that the seat operates normally and that the wiring harness is notcaught.Crash zone sensor handling• Removing the crash zone sensor or disconnecting the crash zonesensor connector with the ignition switch at the ON position canactivate the crash zone sensor and operate (deploy) the airbags andpre-tensioner seat belts, which may cause serious injury. Beforeremoving the crash zone sensor or disconnecting the crash zonesensor connector, always turn the ignition switch to the LOCK position,disconnect the negative battery cable, and then wait 1 minute or moreto allow the backup power supply of the SAS control module to depleteits stored power.• If the crash zone sensor is subjected to shock or the sensor isdisassembled, the airbags and pre-tensioner seat belts mayaccidentally operate (deploy) and cause injury, or the system may failto operate normally and cause a serious accident. Do not subject thecrash zone sensor to shock or disassemble the sensor.• Because a sensor is built into the crash zone sensor, once the airbagsand pre-tensioner seat belts have operated (deployed) due to acollision or other causes, the crash zone sensor must be replaced witha new one even if the used one does not have any visible externaldamage or deformation. If the crash zone sensor is reused, the airbagsand pre-tensioner seat belts may not operate (deploy) normally, whichcould result in a serious accident. Always replace the crash zonesensor with a new one. The crash zone sensor cannot be benchcheckedor self-checked.Side airbag sensor handling• Removing the side airbag sensor or disconnecting the side airbagsensor connector with the ignition switch at the ON position canactivate the side airbag sensor and operate (deploy) the airbags andpre-tensioner seat belts, which may cause serious injury. Beforeremoving the side airbag sensor or disconnecting the side airbagsensor connector, always turn the ignition switch to the LOCK position,disconnect the negative battery cable, and then wait 1 minute or moreto allow the backup power supply of the SAS control module to depleteits stored power.44Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

Restraint System• If the side airbag sensor is subjected to shock or the sensor isdisassembled, the airbags and pre-tensioner seat belts mayaccidentally operate (deploy) and cause injury, or the system may failto operate normally and cause a serious accident. Do not subject theside airbag sensor to shock or disassemble the sensor.• Because a sensor is built into the side airbag sensor, once the airbagsand pre-tensioner seat belts have operated (deployed) due to acollision or other causes, the side airbag sensor must be replaced witha new one even if the used one does not have any visible externaldamage or deformation. If the side airbag sensor is reused, the airbagsand pre-tensioner seat belts may not operate (deploy) normally, whichcould result in a serious accident. Always replace the side airbagsensor with a new one. The side airbag sensor cannot be benchcheckedor self-checked.Pre-tensioner seat belt inspection• Inspecting a pre-tensioner seat belt using a tester can operate (deploy)the pre-tensioner seat belt, which may cause serious injury. Do not usea tester to inspect a pre-tensioner seat belt. Always use the on-boarddiagnostic function to diagnose the pre-tensioner seat belt formalfunctions.NOT GOODCopyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa. 45

Restraint SystemAirbag System Service CautionsAirbag system component disassembly• Disassembling the airbag system components could cause it to notoperate (deploy) normally. Never disassemble any airbag systemcomponents.NOT GOODAirbag module, pre-tensioner seat belt handling• Oil, grease, or water on the airbag modules may cause the airbags,pre-tensioner seat belts and lap pre-tensioner seat belt to fail tooperate (deploy) in an accident. Never allow oil, grease, or water to geton the airbag module, pre-tensioner seat belts or lap pre-tensionerseat belt.• Inserting a screwdriver or similar object into the connector of an airbagmodule, pre-tensioner seat belt ot lap pre-tensioner seat belt maydamage the connector and cause the airbag module, pre-tensionerseat belts or lap pre-tensioner seat belt to operate (deploy) improperly,which may cause serious injury. Never insert any foreign objects intothe airbag module, pre-tensioner seat belts or lap pre-tensioner seatbelt connectors.NOT GOODNOT GOOD46Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

Restraint SystemAirbag module, pre-tensioner seat belt reuse• Even if an airbag or pre-tensioner seat belt does not operate (deploy)in a collision and does not have any external signs of damage, it mayhave been damaged internally, which may cause improper operation.Before reusing a live (undeployed) airbag module and pre-tensionerseat belts, always use the on-board diagnostic to diagnose the airbagmodule and pre-tensioner seat belts to verify that they have nomalfunction.Airbag wiring harness repair• Incorrectly repairing an airbag wiring harness can accidentally operate(deploy) the airbag module and pre-tensioner seat belts. If a problem isfound in the airbag wiring harness, always replace the wiring harnesswith a new one.NOT GOODCopyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa. 47

Restraint SystemAirbag System Component Location72145361 Driver-Side Airbag Module 4 Pre-tensioner Seatbelt2 Passenger-Side Airbag Module5 SAS Control Module6 Side Airbag Sensor3 Side Airbag Module 7 Clock SpringDriver-Side Airbag Module• Handling the airbag module improperly can accidentally deploythe airbag module, which may seriously injure you.1. Turn the engine switch to the LOCK position.2. Disconnect the negative battery cable and wait for 1 minute or more.3. Remove in the order indicated in the table.1 Bolt2 Connector3 Driver-Side Airbag Module3 7.9-11.7n.m2148Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

Restraint System4. Install in the reverse order of removal.5. Turn the engine switch to the ON position.6. Verify that the airbag system warning light illuminates forapproximately 6 seconds and goes out.Passenger-Side Airbag Module• Handling the airbag module improperly can accidentally deploythe airbag module, which may seriously injure you.1. Turn the engine switch to the LOCK position.2. Disconnect the negative battery cable and wait for 1 minute or more.3. Remove the glove compartment.4. Remove in the order indicated in the table.311 Connector2 Bolt3 Passenger-Side Airbag Module6.9-9.8n.m25. Install in the reverse order of removal.6. Turn the engine switch to the ON position.7. Verify that the airbag system warning light illuminates forapproximately 6 seconds and goes out.Side Airbag Module• Handling the airbag module improperly can accidentally deploythe airbag module, which may seriously injure you.• If the side airbag module is installed with debris in the seat back,the foreign material may be scattered when the side airbagmodule operates (deploys), causing injury. Verify that there is noforeign material in the seat back before installing the side airbagmodule.1. Turn the engine switch to the LOCK position.2. Disconnect the negative battery cable and wait for 1 minute or more.3. Remove in the order indicated in the table.Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa. 49

Restraint System41 Cup2 Bolt33 Side Airbag Module4 Connector 7.9-11.7n.m214. Install in the reverse order of removal.5. Turn the engine switch to the ON position.6. Verify that the airbag system warning light illuminates forapproximately 6 seconds and goes out.SAS Control Module• Handling the SAS control module improperly can accidentallydeploy the airbag modules and pre-tensioner seatbelt, which mayseriously injure you.1. Turn the engine switch to the LOCK position.2. Disconnect the negative battery cable and wait for 1 minute or more.3. Remove the console.4. Remove in the order indicated in the table.326.9-9.8n.m1 Connector2 Bolt13 SAS Control ModuleSide Airbag Sensor• Handling the side airbag sensor improperly can accidentallydeploy the airbag module, which may seriously injure you.1. Turn the engine switch to the LOCK position.2. Disconnect the negative battery cable and wait for 1 minute or more.3. Remove in the order indicated in the table.50Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

Restraint System1 Bolt A6.9-9.8n.m122 Cover3 Connector4 Bolt B6.9-9.8n.m435 Side Airbag Sensor54. Install in the reverse order of removal.5. Turn the engine switch to the ON position.6. Verify that the airbag system warning light illuminates forapproximately 6 seconds and goes out.Clock Spring1. Disconnect the negative battery cable and wait for 1 minute or more.2. Remove the drive-side airbag module3. Remove the steering wheel.4. Remove the column cover.5. Remove in the order indicated in the table.131 Screw2 Connector3 Clock Spring26. Install in the reverse order of removal.7. Turn the engine switch to the ON position.8. Verify that the airbag system warning light illuminates forapproximately 6 seconds and goes out.• If the clock spring is not adjusted, the spring wire in the clockspring could over-wind and break when the steering wheel isturned. Always adjust the clock spring after installing it.• Do not forcibly turn the clock spring.Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa. 51

Restraint SystemClock Spring Adjustment• The adjustment procedure is also specified on the caution label ofthe clock spring.1. Set the front tires straight-ahead.2. Turn the clock spring clockwise until it stops.3. From the stopped position, turn the clock spring counterclockwise 2 and ¾turns.Alignment Marks4. Align the mark on the clock spring with the mark on the outer housing.52Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

Restraint SystemClock Spring InspectionVerify that the continuity is as indicated in the table.• If not as indicated in the table, replace the clock spring.Test conditionTerminal: Continuity1A 1B 2D 3A 3B 4DUnderany condition3B3A4DVehicle Side ConnectorAirbag Module Side ConnectorA/B+A/B-Horn1B1A2D3B 3A* * * 4D * * *1A 1B 2D• When the vehicle-side connector for the clock spring is disconnected,terminals 1A and 1B are shorted to prevent unexpected deployment ofthe airbag module.Seatbelt Pre-tensioner• Handling the seatbelt improperly can accidentally deploy the pretensionerseatbelt, which may seriously injure you.• The ELR (emergency locking retractor) has a spring that willunwind if the retractor cover is removed. The spring cannot berewound by hand. If this occurs, the ELR will not work properly.Therefore, do not disassemble the retractor.1. Turn the engine switch to the LOCK position.2. Disconnect the negative battery cable and wait for 1 minute or more.3. Remove the following parts.1. Rear scuff plate2. Front scuff plate3. Remove the B-pillar lower trim4. Front seatbelt upper anchor cover5. Front seatbelt upper anchor installation bolt6. Remove the B-pillar upper trimCopyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa. 53

Restraint System4. Remove in the order indicated in the table.1 Lower Anchor CoverUpper Anchor Bolt39-78n.m2 Connector3 Bolt4 SeatbeltUpper AnchorCover437.8-10.8n.m2339-78n.m15. Install in the reverse order of removal.6. Turn the engine switch to the ON position.7. Verify that the airbag system warning light illuminates forapproximately 6 seconds and goes out.Adjuster Anchor1. Remove the following parts.1. Rear scuff plate2. Front scuff plate3. Remove the B-pillar lower trim4. Front seatbelt upper anchor cover5. Front seatbelt upper anchor installation bolt6. Remove the B-pillar upper trim2. Remove in the order indicated in the table.139-78n.m1 Bolt2 Anchor Adjuster1239-78n.m3. Install in the reverse order of removal.54Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

Restraint SystemSeatbelt InspectionBelt1. Verify that the belt is installed properly with no twist or kinks.2. Verify that there is no damage to the seatbelt and no deformation ofmetal fittings.• If there is any malfunction, replace the seatbelt.RetractorELR1. Verify that the belt can be pulledout smoothly, and that it retractssmoothly.• If there is any malfunction,replace the seatbelt.2. Verify that the retractor locks whenthe belt is pulled quickly.• If there is any malfunction,replace the seatbelt.3. Remove the retractor.4. While pulling the seatbelt out,make sure that the seatbelt doesnot lock when the retractor is tiltedslowly up to 15° from the mountedposition and locks when theretractor is tilted 40° or more.• If there is any malfunction,replace the seatbelt.Load Limiter Retractor• When the load limiter operates, the belt and anchor rub againsteach other strongly leaving wear tracks. If the seatbelt is used inthis state, the seatbelt will not function at its full capability andthere is the possibility of serious injury to passengers. Be sure toreplace the seatbelt once the load limiter operates.PullBeltAnchorTraceof Wear1. If the vehicle has been subjected to ashock in an accident, pull the belt fromthe retractor and confirm that there areno wear tracks (the load limiter has notoperated) by visually inspecting andfeeling the belt.• If there is any malfunction,replace the seatbelt.Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa. 55

Restraint SystemRear Seatbelt Location1 2431 Second-row Seatbelt 3 Third-row Buckle2 Third-row Seatbelt 4 Second-row BuckleSecond-row Seatbelt• The ELR has a spring that will unwind if the retractor is removed.The spring cannot be rewound by hand. If this occurs, the ELRwill not work properly. Therefore, do not disassemble the retractor1. Remove the rear side trim.2. Remove in the order indicated in thetable.Bolt38.2-78.4n.m121 Anchor Cover2 Second-row Seatbelt7.65-11.5n.m3. Install in the reverse order of removal.38.2-78.4n.m56Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

Restraint SystemThird-row Seatbelt• The ELR has a spring that will unwind if the retractor is removed.The spring cannot be rewound by hand. If this occurs, the ELRwill not work properly. Therefore, do not disassemble the retractorBolt38.2-78.4n.m121. Remove the third-row seat.2. Remove the rear side trim.3. Remove in the order indicated in thetable.7.65-11.5n.m1 Anchor Cover2 Second-row Seatbelt38.2-78.4n.m4. Install in the reverse order of removal.Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa. 57

WildtrakWildtrak SupplementThe Wildtrak model features a number of stylistic and functional touches thatdistinguish it from other models in the Ranger line-up. Visually, the Wildtraksports prominent decals on the doors and tailgate, along with silver roof rails,body-colour cladding and a body-coloured Wildtrak-branded sports bar. Otherfeatures include repeaters and puddle lamps integrated into the wing mirrors,a lockable tailgate with locking Armadillo cover, rear parking distance sensors,a Ford-branded load box liner and 18-inch diamond-cut alloy wheels.Model-specific interior appointments include Alcantara/leather seat and doortrim with brushed aluminium accents and a healthy smattering of "Wildtrak"logos on the seats, scuff plate and carpets. Perhaps the most noticeableaddition to the cabin is the Multi Meter atop the central facia section. This unitfeatures an inclinometer/yaw meter, compass and digital ambient and outsidetemperature readouts.58Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

WildtrakWildtrak front bumper re-work procedureThe purpose of this supplement is to notify the Auto Body Repair Centres thatthe templates shown below are available on the Loan-A-Tool program underRanger/Everest/Wildtrak., Tool Number: UD2D-5003.These templates are used to rework the Ford Ranger front bumper to fit ontothe Ford Wildtrak, to accommodate the turning clearance of the 18 inchwheels.• A suitable cutting tool must be used to cut away the front bumper.The following illustrations indicate the rework procedure:Below is the templates marked "L" (left side) and "R" (right side) that needs tobe inserted onto the new bumper to mark the area that needs to be cut away.Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa. 59

Wildtrak1. Insert the template as shown below by inserting the securing rivets intothe holes to keep the template in place to ensure that the cut away area ismarked accurately.2. Mark the area that needs to be cut.3. Ensure that the area is marked clearly before cutting.60Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

Notes:Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa. 61

Notes:62Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

Copyright © 2009 Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

www.fordabrc.co.za