introduction - Pennsylvania Natural Heritage Program

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• The following site is a national invasive species information clearinghouse listing numerousother resources on a variety of related topics: http://www.invasivespecies.gov/144
GLOSSARYAlluvium: detrital deposits made by streams on riverbeds, flood plains, and alluvial fans; Especially adeposit of silt or silty clay laid down during time of flood.Ambystomid: a small to moderate-sized terrestrial or semiaquatic New World salamander. Ambistomidsalamanders possess lungs, as compared to plethodontid salamanders, which do not.Anthropogenic: human caused.Bedrock: the solid rock that underlies loose material, such as soil, sand, clay, or gravel.Biocide: a natural or synthetic substance toxic to living organisms. Some ecologists advocate the use ofthis term instead of ‘pesticides’, since most pesticides are also toxic to species other than the targetpest species. Indirectly, pesticides may also affect non-target organisms detrimentally in many otherways (e.g. by loss of food species or loss of shelter) so that the effects of pesticides may also be feltthroughout a whole ecosystem. The term ‘biocide’ indicates this property more clearly than‘pesticide’.Biological Diversity Area (BDA): An area containing and important in the support of plants or animalsof special concern at state or federal levels, exemplary natural communities, or exceptional nativediversity.Bituminous coal: coal that contains more than 14% volatile matter. It is dark brown to black and burnswith a smoky flame. Bituminous coal is the most abundant type of coal.Bog: a low-nutrient, highly acidic wetland where sphagnum peat accumulates to the point where plantroots have minimal contact with either surface water or groundwater.Calcareous: containing calcium carbonate. When the term is used to describe a type of rock, it impliesthat as much as 50% of the rock is calcium carbonate. Limestone is the most important and widelydistributed of the carbonate rocks.Calciphilic: thriving in environments rich in calcium salts.Colluvium: weathered rock debris that has moved down a hill slope chiefly by gravity; includes talus andcliff debris.Ecology: the study of relations between organisms and their natural environment, living and nonliving.Ecosystem: The biotic (living) community and its abiotic (nonliving) environment functioning as asystem.Endemic: a species or other taxonomic group that is restricted to a particular geographic region, owing tosuch factors as isolation or response to soil or climatic conditions.Eutrophication: the process of nutrient enrichment (usually by nitrates and phosphates) in aquaticecosystems, such that the productivity of the system ceases to be limited by the availability ofnutrients. It occurs naturally over geologic time, but may be accelerated by human activities (e.g.,sewage disposal or agricultural run-off).Food-web: a conceptual diagram that represents the feeding relationships of organisms within anecosystem. It consists of a series of interconnecting food-chains, and shows the transfer of energy145
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CLEARFIELD COUNTYNATURAL HERITAGE I
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Over the history of these studies,
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TABLE OF CONTENTSPreface………
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARYIntroductionA heal
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Ground SurveyAreas identified as po
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Table 1. Natural Heritage Areas cat
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outcrops occur in conjunction with
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INTRODUCTIONA healthy natural lands
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Natural Resilience, Human Activitie
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Natural Heritage Inventory MappingG
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Natural History Overview of Clearfi
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SoilsSoil character exerts a strong
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preventing the establishment of see
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METHODSThe methods used in the Clea
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fragmenting feature data to generat
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*Defined as: 2,000 waterfowl (at on
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RESULTSContiguous Forest Blocks in
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Table 5. ContinuedSize% Roadless Ac
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Landscape Conservation AreasThe Lan
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SGL #120 LCAThis LCA is a contiguou
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Moravian Run - Alder Run LCAThis LC
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Threats and StressesIn some portion
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Gifford Run Valley, west slope37
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Beccaria Township, Coalport Borough
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Bell Township, Mahaffey Borough, &
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Featherbells(Stenanthium gramineum)
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Supporting Natural Landscape—To m
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Bigler TownshipPNDI Rank Legal Stat
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Bloom TownshipPNDI Rank Legal Statu
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What It Looks Like:Appalachian Game
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BOGGS TOWNSHIPThe landscape of the
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BRADFORD TOWNSHIPThe landscape of B
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BRADY TOWNSHIPBrady Township falls
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BURNSIDE TOWNSHIPThe West Branch Su
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BURNSIDE BOROUGHThe landscape of Bu
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CHEST TOWNSHIPChest Township is 71%
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Heron Rookery at Chest Creek Floodp
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COOPER TOWNSHIPCooper Township lies
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COVINGTON TOWNSHIPThe northern half
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Creeping Snowberry(Gaultheria hispi
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should be avoided within the core a
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DECATUR TOWNSHIPMost of Decatur Tow
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FERGUSON TOWNSHIPThe southwestern p
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GIRARD TOWNSHIPThe northern two-thi
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The Supporting Natural Landscape is
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RecommendationsCore Habitat Area—
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GOSHEN TOWNSHIPMost of Goshen Towns
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Gifford Run Wetlands (pg. 81)Steepl
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GRAHAM TOWNSHIPThe landscape of Gra
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GREENWOOD TOWNSHIPGreenwood Townshi
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Gulich Township & Ramey BoroughPNDI
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herbaceous layer is somewhat sparse
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Huston TownshipPNDI Rank Legal Stat
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Supporting Natural Landscape— Any
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Along the stream channel connecting
Page 143 and 144: Supporting Natural Landscape—Use
Page 145: Jordan TownshipPNDI Rank Legal Stat
Page 148: Karthaus TownshipPNDI Rank Legal St
Page 151: Knox TownshipPNDI Rank Legal Status
Page 154: Lawrence Township & Clearfield Boro
Page 158 and 159: documented in Pennsylvania. It hibe
Page 160 and 161: allegheniensis) dominant in the can
Page 162: Morris TownshipPNDI Rank Legal Stat
Page 165: Penn Township, Grampian Borough,& L
Page 168: Pike Township & Curwensville Boroug
Page 171: Pine TownshipPNDI Rank Legal Status
Page 174 and 175: pine species (Lycopodium dendroideu
Page 176 and 177: Threats and StressesFoot traffic on
Page 178 and 179: wetlands to determine its uniquenes
Page 180: Sandy Township, Dubois City, & Fall
Page 183 and 184: eeding season, and they will be sen
Page 185: Union TownshipPNDI RankGlobal State
Page 188: Woodward Township, Brisbin Borough,
Page 191 and 192: RECOMMENDATIONSThe following are ge
Page 193: situations, the site is effectively
Page 197 and 198: LITERATURE CITEDAnonymous. 1985. A
Page 199 and 200: Naeem., S. (Chair), F.S. Chapin III
Page 201 and 202: GIS DATA SOURCESBedrock geologic un
Page 203 and 204: APPENDIX IIPENNSYLVANIA NATURAL HER
Page 205 and 206: Evidence of Disturbance (logging, g
Page 207 and 208: GLOBAL STATECOMMUNITY NAME RANK RAN
Page 213 and 214: APPENDIX V bPENNSYLVANIA STATUSNati
Page 215 and 216: small numbers throughout their rang
Page 217 and 218: State Element RanksS1 = Critically
Page 219 and 220: Photo: Lisa SmithHairy rock-cress (
Page 221: The Sustainable Forestry Initiative
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