Young Socialists Magazine 1917 July Dec.pdf

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tTHE YOUNG SOCIALISTS' MAGAZINE"And No One Shall Work for Money"It is usually put forth as aknockdown argument that if mendid not have to work for bread andbutter they would not work at aU.It is a.ssumed as a matter ofcourse that money is the representativeof the only universal motiveof human energy, and that if allwere assured a good living nobodywould tum a hand.I do not believe this. I believethat money is not a legitimate motiveat all. To i11ustrate, let usimagine that state of the world, towhich we will come some day,where wages exist no more.Let us suppose we have so developedthe state that every childis assured of care and due training.No ignorant, unskilled, or criminallydefective beings are broughtinto the number of independentadults. If capable of decent lifeon arriving at manhood they aretaken care of in proper institution,.-Let us suppose also that everyperson is fed, housed, and clothedby the state. No man or womanneeds to labor to make a living.The entire motive oi subsistence iseliminated.Instead of this resulting in theparalysis of all energy, it would bebut the beginning of progress. AsMoryh Sheridan says: "When ourexistence is comfortably assured,the battle of life will have begun inearnest."Men, with their present stock ofideals, would of course droop intoidleness under such circumstances;but men now differ from men thenalmost as much as a hog differsfrom a man. It is frankly to beadmitted that altruistic feelingsand ci\'ic conscinence must begreatly strengthened. Condition.1l0w are the only practical ones forhalf-barbarous creatures such aswe are at present.But let us be specific. What motivesprec:iseJy will supersede personalgain?Instead of work for money therewiU be craftsmanship for the joyof it. People now love to make,do, and manage tiiings, for fun,when the things are what they enjoydoing. The problem of civilizationis to change labor into craft,and thus into play.Machinery is more and more replacingthe drudgery of hands.The steam dredger does the workof a hundred hand shovels; carrythat on a hundred years and imaginethe vast amount of disagreeableeffort that will be tak~n from men.There will be the enthusiasm ofart, of music, of letters and science.Even now the best work here is notat all for money and is poorly paid.The joy of home making is nota money-paid pleasure. The wivesand mothers of the future will beas busy and as happy as now.\Ve are all sensitive to publicopinion. The scorn of our fellowsis a sharp whip. As we progressit will grow sharper. Men will beASHAMED TO BE IDLE. Humanbeings work as hard to avoidcontempt as to get money. To havethe esteem and praise of the communitywill move men as powerfullyas to make gain.]11 a. wage-free democracy weshall not only have ),letter poemsand paintings and scienti~c discoveriesand music, but street carswill be run better, groceries andmilk wi ll be of better quality andbetter distributed, meals will bebetter cooked, clothes will be bettermade, and all the little, n~rywork of the world better done, becausealways a large part of thepeople can do these things and cannotwrite poetry nor . composemusic.You remember Tom Sawyer'sgetting the boys to whitewash hisfenoe, when he made it SEEMFUN to them?That is plain human nature.And I believe all men will do moreand better work when they shallwork because it is fun to them, andwhen not to work will only meanthe conbempt of their fellows.And, take it now, the people whonever have to care for bread orclothing are about as energetic asthe farmhands, with, of course,notable exceptions among the pervertsof society and of "society'S"hangers on."Our government is based on theagreement both tacit and implied,that the minority shalt always havethe rights of free speech, of freeproess, and of free agitation, in Ofderto convert itself if possiblefrom a minority into a majority. Assoon as these nghts of the minorityare denied, it will inevitably resortto secret meetings, conspitacie"s andfinally force. In times of stl1CSS, itmay be extremely embarrassing forthe majority to be hampered inquick, decisive action by an obstinateminority; but nevertht-Iess therecognition of the right of the minorityis our sole bond of unity."For this reason, I repeat thatany attempt to interfere with therights of free speech and free pressis a blow at the very ioundations ofour govemment."-Franklin H.Giddings, on the Espionage Bill.Nobility is a question of character,not of birth.-Ingersotl.Labor must open the door ofNature's storehouse before it canbe free.Common sense is very uncommon.-HoraceGreeley:THE YOUNG SOCIALISt'S' MAGAZINEABOUT BANANAS}(mong the many eXcellentBy Marion W rightbac~ard to the early days when split down through the middlethings which came to be generallyonly hand implements were used with a sharp knife when it isaccepted in the United for farming. About 1855 the abou t eighteen months old, itStates during the Nineteenth Cavendish, or Chinese variety will be found that the bunch isCentury may be listed the yellow,mellow: banana, along withwas introduced into the islandsand proving much superior tvalready formed within the stem.That is, if it happens to be atomatoes and Socialism. the wild variety, was adopted plant that will bear. Some bananaAt the beginning of the centurya tomato was called a "loveapple" and was considered poison.for culture . • A[ the close of theCivil war in the States a smallexport trade had been worked l· Pplants do not bear fruit.Proper tillage and care determineat a very early age the sizeAfter some fifty years the by Hawaii. As the Central and number of the flowers whichtomato was finally accepted, but American and West ]ndian are first to blossom on theSocialism, by its present name, planters did not begin the culture" bunch" before the frtlit forms,. was unknown. Those who professedof the fruit in earnest until and like flowers, li ke fruit. Afterits prindiptes were consideredsome twenty years later the the flowcr forms no power underfit subjects for the galHawaiian planter had an excelthe su n can increase the numberlows.lent opportunity to capture the of bananas on the forth-comingThe banana made its bow to banana trade, but he did not do bunch. The planter ca n see thethe public much later and under "0 for the reason that at about size of his crops many months Inl11uch more favorable circumstances.this time the introduction of maadvance, fi guring out th e lossesUnlike the tomato it chinery made the production of from disease, insect pests, etc.gave off a seductive, pleasing sugar on his lands much more llanana plants grow from 15odor, and unlike Socialism it did profitable than bananas. It is to 20 feet high and the leaves arc.not "hurt" business. When our the same in our other island possessionssometimes a dozen feet long bygrandparents were ~ttle folksto a great extent. The two feet wide. Thc stem poV!!they did not have any bananasunless they lived in a seaportgreater profits arising from theculture of sugar causes the bananaout of the stalk. sometimes th reeon nne tree and turn !'; dow n sotown. It was not until 1870 thatbusiness to be neglected and Ihat when the fruit forms theone Capt. Baker nosed aroundthe island of Jamaica. in his twomastedschooner and brought offa cargo of the fruit. Like Adamlittle scientific study has beendevoted to its culture.At the present time there ispractically no selection of plantsbanan as arc pointing up insteadof dow n.After the ba nanas mature thest::1Ik grad uall y dies down andm .th his apple, the American with a view of multiplying then a ncw shoot comes up trompublic nibbled its banana and plants whose heredity is good. the roots. The fruit is pickedfound it good and the bananabusiness sprang into being atPlants are selected indifferentlyfrom those which have producedgreen for export and stowedaway in the holds of ships oronce. Today we import around large bunches and those which dark warehouses where it ripen!!!.4S,OOO,
cellent eating and figure foryourself how it must taste rightoff the tree.And it is not alone as a fruitthat the "banana is used by thepeople in its native land. Whenthe fruit is puUed green afl'Oproperly dried an excellent flour;s made. which is used for ahoutevery purpose to which wheatflour is adapted. This is not anarticle of commerce, but is usedextensively by the natives.There are red bananas and bananasfive times as large as anyseen in the markets, to be seen inthe home ports of the fruit. Butthese varieties are so perishablethat they cannot be shipped. 1nfact there are about as manyvarieties of bananas as there areof potatoes.Some agitation is being carriedon now in the Hawaiian islandsto have the governmenttake hold of the banana industry.Some lands unsuitable Cor sugarcane would produce the Cruit andwith a trade built up with PacificCoast cities Hawaii "Iould havea great market at her very door.At present the growers oC the islandsare unorganized and theyare at the mercy of the com mis- .sion merchants of the coast citlesto whom they ship their product.The banana is a rich article offood as well as a toothsome fruitand its use and culture should beencouraged.They are not religious; they areonly pew rpnters.-G. B. S."The nation. that has the schools,has \4e future."-Bismarck.Peace or War? Why shouldn'tthe ~ple .decide?He 19ves his ~untry best whostrives to make it best.-Ingersoll.THE YOUNG SOCIALISTS' IoIAGAZINETHE MARSEILLAISE(A new version for English singers written to fit the French tune)Ye toilers of the nations,Both serfdom and misery shallStand Corth in every land.vanish.No longer foes or strangers,Raise Freedom's banner high,But comrades, hand in 'hand- Her day is drawing nigh.But comrades, hand in hand. March on 1 march on 1Joined in this noble purpose, Hearts brave and strong.From want and hunger to free March on to liberty.The children of humanity,That goodness and happiness mayflourish.Raise Freedom's banner high,The Day is drawing nigh.March on I march on IComrades of all climes.March on to liberty.Too long with sordid tyrantsYe patient ones have borne,'Who have your faithful serviceRequited with poverty andscomRequitedscorn.withpovertyandEndure it now no longerJ oin in a world~wide band,Resolved that out of every landFreedom of Criticism(From Report of U. S. IndustrialCommissi~n)I t is axiomatic that a governmentwhich can be maintained onlylly the suppression of criticismshould not be maintained. Furthenuoreit is the lesson of historythat attempts to suppress ideas results only in their more rapidpropagation.Not only should every barrier tothe freedom of speech be removed,• • • but every reasonable opportunityshould be afforded forthe expression of ideas and thepublic criticism of social institu~tions.Ye valiant Sons of Morning.Spring forth to win the way;And Daughters of the Dawning\Vith song shall greet that dayShall greet that glorious dayWhen nation shall join with nationTo shatter OpPl1eSsion's might,Bring in the reign of truth andright,And justice and fellowship tocherish.Raise Freedom's banDer high;That Day is drawing nigh.March on I march on IComrades of all climes.March on to liberty.H. Tompkins.A Londoner who was staying inScotland recently had need of legalassistance. He went up to a sensiblelooking man in the street andbegan: "Pardon me, sir; but areyou a resident of this t9wn 7""Wed." was the cautious reply,"I've leeved here a matter 0' fiftyyear."If Ah I then perhaps you can helpme," went on the visitor. "I'mlooking for a criminal lawyer.Have you one in this town?"The Scotsman dr'opped his voioeto a confidential whisper as heanswered:uWe hiv, but we pinna ~ ableto prove it ap'in~ him.let. He'sower iharp."THE YOUNG SOCIALISTS' MAGAZINEWHAT DO fHE SOCIALISTS WANT?It is far ~asioer to understandwhat the Socialists do want afterone understands what they do notwant. The contrast between thecapitalist system and the new orderproposed by the Socialists-tlliscontrast helps immensely in securinga clear understanding of whatthe Socialists want and also whythey want what "hey want. Butbefore I tell you what the capitalistsystem is, in its chief outlines, leIlIle state in simple propositionssome of the leading result ,: of thecapitalist system:First.-Lapitalism splits socid1into two industrial classes, namely,the class that, as producers, usesthe industrial foundations of societyand receives wages, and theclass that owns the industrial foun·dations of society and takes profits-takes as profits the total annualindustrial product except just sufficient(called wages) to keep theworkers in tolerable working(producing) conditions. (Rent andinterest are different names forprofits.)Second.-The industrial interestsof the two classes are in funda·mental conflict; and this conRictcannot be closed, or "adjusted," or"composed," or " harmonized" inany way whatever as long as capi·talism lasts, because one class, theworking class, sells labor JX)wer forwages, and the other class, the capitalistclass, buys this labor powerand pays wages for it. Now, theinterests of the buyer of a thingand the interests of the seller ofthat thing are never the same andcannot be harmonized. Apply thisprinciple to the purchaser and tothe seller of a pound of sugar or aton of coal. Apply this principle toBy Prof. George R. Kirkpatrickten hours of labor power---carefully.Third.-The capitalist class understandsthis capitalist systemand, perfectly aware of its advantagesfor themselves, they make useof every social institution and ofevery pol itica l party (except olle)to protect the capitalist system, toprotect the capitalist class, whilethey fleece, boss and Aim-flam theworking-class.Founh.- The working class donot understand-are not pennittedto understand-this capitalist system,and, being ignorant of thepower and cunning of the system,the workers accept their fate underthe capitalist system 'withol,t comtlai"togainst tile system-just asIllany chattel slaves attributed theircondition under slavery, not to thechattel slave system, but to the individualmaster they happened tohave unde r the systelll.No\\' let me tell you what arethe foundation and lh e method andthe purpose of capitalism.First.-The foundation of capitalismi ~ th e private ownership oflhe industri al foundations of saciety-ofsuch things as mills,mines, quarries. forests, railroads,and so forth-the things the workers,as producers. have to use orstarve. This is the real secret ofthe employers' power over theworker.Second.-The method of capitalismis the private control anddespotic management of the industrialfOWldations of society.Third.-The purpo!e of capitalismis profits-profit! for the capitalistclass-profits for the specialbenefit of the c1as! that owns theindustrial foundations of society.Capitalism is an industrial systemfor the special benefit of a rulingclass as much as chattel slavervwas an industrial system for th~special benefit of a part of society.Now, the one politica.l party in allthe world that is against this capitalistsystem of industry is the Socialistparty; and every crownedparasite, every dollar-marked employer-aliof them Illark the Socialistparty as the ODe politicalparty of and for the working class.And what, now, does this Socialistparty propose as a substitutefor the capitalist sy:.tem?First.-Tlle new foundat ion:The social ownership, that is, thepublic ow nership, of the sociallyusable, industrial wealth-that is,the public ownership of the chiefmaterial means of production.To illustrate: We propose theprivate owuersh ip of whatever isnecessary for the proper degree ofprivacy of life-such as the home.the piano, the automoltile for perSOllal lise, etc., but we propose th epublic ownership of the forest andquarry and JIline material s, and ofthe factories and machinery usedin making such things.Second.-The ne\\' method: Thesoei:.! cont rol. the democratic managemcnt,of the socially usablemeans of production.The new method will be themaximum practicablc ckgree ofdemocratic management of industry-which is the only true line ofescape from the present despoticcontrol of the industrial life of theworkers.Third.-The new purpose: Theproduction of goods will be primarilyfor soc ial se~lce-- for all
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