The ecology of rafting in the marine environment - Bedim

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MARTIN THIEL & LARS GUTOW Table 4 Cnidaria reported or inferred as rafting Species Region Hydrozoa Aglaophenia latecarinata Sargasso Sea, Northwest Atlantic, Bermuda Rafting inference 296 Floating substratum Reference R M Hentschel 1922, Timmermann 1932, Adams 1960, Butler et al. 1983, Coston-Clements et al. 1991, Calder 1995 R M Smith et al. 1973, Butler et al. 1983, Coston-Clements et al. 1991 Aglaophenia perpusilla Sargasso Sea, North Atlantic Aglaophenia pluma Northwest Europe C M Vallentin 1895, Cornelius 1992a Aglaophenia rigida Sargasso Sea R M Butler et al. 1983, Coston-Clements et al. 1991 Aglaophenoides Sargasso Sea R M Butler et al. 1983, Coston-Clements mammillatus et al. 1991 Amphisbetia pacifica Japan R M Sano et al. 2003 Antenella secundaria Sargasso Sea, D, R M Butler et al. 1983, Coston-Clements Northwest Europe et al. 1991, Cornelius 1992a Campanularia gracilis North Pacific R O Sinitsyn & Reznichenko 1981 Campanularia hincksii Northwest Europe C n.i. Cornelius 1992a Campanularia volubilis Sargasso Sea R M Butler et al. 1983, Coston-Clements et al. 1991 Cladocoryne pelagica Sargasso Sea R M Butler et al. 1983, Coston-Clements et al. 1991 Clava multicornis n.i. R M Vallentin 1895 Clytia bicophora Sargasso Sea R M Coston-Clements et al. 1991 Clytia cylindrica Sargasso Sea R M, P Timmermann 1932, Carpenter & Smith 1972, Butler et al. 1983, Coston-Clements et al. 1991 Clytia gracilis Northwest Europe C n.i. Cornelius 1992a Clytia hemisphaerica Northwest Europe, C, R M, P Cornelius 1992a, Calder 1995, Mediterranean, Bermuda Aliani & Molcard 2003 Clytia johnstoni Sargasso Sea, Brazil R M Hentschel 1922, Butler et al. 1983, Current Coston-Clements et al. 1991 Clytia linearis Northwest Europe D n.i. Cornelius 1992a Clytia longicyatha Sargasso Sea R M Butler et al. 1983, Coston-Clements et al. 1991 Clytia noliformis Sargasso Sea, R M Hentschel 1922*, Ryland 1974, Bermuda Butler et al. 1983, Niermann 1986, Coston-Clements et al. 1991, Calder 1995 Clytia raridentata Sargasso Sea R M Butler et al. 1983, Coston-Clements et al. 1991 Clytia sp. Northwest Atlantic R M Adams 1960, Smith et al. 1973 Coryne pusilla Japan R M Sano et al. 2003 Dactylometra pacifica Sagami Bay, Japan R M Hirosaki 1964 Dynamena cornicina Northwest Europe D n.i. Cornelius 1992a Dynamena disticha Bermuda, Northwest Europe R M Cornelius 1992a, Calder 1995 Dynamena pumila Northwest Europe, Iceland C, R M Cornelius 1992a, Ingólfsson 1995
RAFTING OF BENTHIC MARINE ORGANISMS Table 4 (continued) Cnidaria reported or inferred as rafting Species Region Rafting inference 297 Floating substratum Reference Dynamena Sargasso Sea R M Butler et al. 1983, Coston-Clements quadridentata et al. 1991 Eucopella sargassicola Sargasso Sea R M Butler et al. 1983, Coston-Clements et al. 1991 Eudendrium sp. Mediterranean R P Aliani & Molcard 2003 Filellum serpens Northwest Europe C n.i. Cornelius 1992a Filellum serratum Northwest Europe D n.i. Cornelius 1992a Gemmaria sp. Sargasso Sea R M Coston-Clements et al. 1991 Gonothyraea gracilis Sargasso Sea R M Butler et al. 1983, Coston-Clements et al. 1991 Gonothyraea integra Sargasso Sea R M Butler et al. 1983, Coston-Clements et al. 1991 Gonothyrea hyalina Sargasso Sea R P Carpenter & Smith 1972 Gonothyrea loveni Mediterranean R P Aliani & Molcard 2003 Halecium lankesteri Northwest Europe C n.i. Cornelius 1992a Halecium nanum Northwest Atlantic, Sargasso Sea, Bermuda R M Hentschel 1922, Timmermann 1932, Adams 1960, Butler et al. 1983, Coston-Clements et al. 1991, Calder 1995 Halecium tenellum Northwest Europe C n.i. Cornelius 1992a Halopteris catharina Sargasso Sea D, R M Timmermann 1932*, Butler et al. 1983*, Coston-Clements et al. 1991*, Cornelius 1992a Halopteris diaphana Bermuda R M Calder 1995 Hebella calcarata Sargasso Sea, Brazil R M Hentschel 1922, Butler et al. 1983, Current Coston-Clements et al. 1991 Kirchenpaueria pinnata Northwest Europe C n.i. Cornelius 1992a Kirchenpaueria similis Northwest Europe D n.i. Cornelius 1992a Lafoea dumosa Northwest Europe C n.i. Cornelius 1992a Lafoeina tenuis Northwest Europe D n.i. Cornelius 1992a Laomedea angulata Mediterranean R P Aliani & Molcard 2003 Laomedea calceolifera Northwest Europe C n.i. Cornelius 1992a Laomedea flexuosa Northwest Europe C n.i. Cornelius 1992a Laomedea sp. Northwest Atlantic, R M Adams 1960, Coston-Clements et al. Sargasso Sea 1991 Liriope tetraphylla Sagami Bay, Japan R M Hirosaki 1964 Monotheca margaretta Bermuda R M Adams 1960, Calder 1995 Obelia bicuspidata Sargasso Sea R M Butler et al. 1983, Coston-Clements et al. 1991 Obelia bidentata Northwest Europe C n.i. Cornelius 1992a Obelia dichotoma Mediterranean, Sargasso Sea, Bermuda, Northwest Europe C, R M, P Butler et al. 1983, Coston-Clements et al. 1991, Cornelius 1992a, Calder 1995, Aliani & Molcard 2003 Obelia exiqua North Pacific R O Sinitsyn & Reznichenko 1981 Obelia geniculata St. Helena, Sargasso Sea, Northwest Europe, Falkland Current, Japan C, R M Hentschel 1922, Arnaud et al. 1976, Butler et al. 1983, Coston-Clements et al. 1991, Cornelius 1992a, Sano et al. 2003
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RAFTING OF BENTHIC MARINE ORGANISMS
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Substratum selectivity Lepadidae RA
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B A Organic Matter Small Predators
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Abundance (number of individuals) 0
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Table 18 Comparison between benthic
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Proportion of Debris Items Colonize
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Fall off (scraped off) Clonal growt
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Species number Proportion Holding o
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