ATSDR Draft Toxicological Profile for Radon_September 2008.pdf

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RADON 2089. REFERENCESYu-tang L, Zhen C. 1996. A retrospective lung cancer mortality study of people exposed to insolublearsenic and radon. Lung Cancer 14(Suppl 1):S137-S148.Zhiheng T, Detac X, Fuqi Z, et al. 1994. Passive radon monitoring techniques with and without electretcollection. J Radiol Prot 14(3):241-249.Zhou H, Zhu LX, Li K, et al. 1999. Radon, tobacco-specific nitrosamine and mutagenesis in mammaliancells. Mutat Res 430(1):145-153.*Ziegler EE, Edwards BB, Jensen RL, et al. 1978. Absorption and retention of lead by infants. PediatrRes 12(1):29-34.Zielinski J, Field RW. 2006. Residential radon and lung cancer - preface. J Toxicol Environ Health69(7-8):525-526.***DRAFT FOR PUBLIC COMMENT***
RADON 20910. GLOSSARYSome terms in this glossary are generic and may not be used in this profile.Absorbed Dose, Chemical—The amount of a substance that is either absorbed into the body or placed incontact with the skin. For oral or inhalation routes, this is normally the product of the intake quantity andthe uptake fraction divided by the body weight and, if appropriate, the time, expressed as mg/kg for asingle intake or mg/kg/day for multiple intakes. For dermal exposure, this is the amount of materialapplied to the skin, and is normally divided by the body mass and expressed as mg/kg.Absorbed Dose, Radiation—The mean energy imparted to the irradiated medium, per unit mass, byionizing radiation. Units: rad (rad), gray (Gy).Absorbed Fraction—A term used in internal dosimetry. It is that fraction of the photon energy (emittedwithin a specified volume of material) which is absorbed by the volume. The absorbed fraction dependson the source distribution, the photon energy, and the size, shape and composition of the volume.Absorption—The process by which a chemical penetrates the exchange boundaries of an organism aftercontact, or the process by which radiation imparts some or all of its energy to any material through whichit passes.Self-Absorption—Absorption of radiation (emitted by radioactive atoms) by the material in whichthe atoms are located; in particular, the absorption of radiation within a sample being assayed.Absorption Coefficient—Fractional absorption of the energy of an unscattered beam of x- or gammaradiationper unit thickness (linear absorption coefficient), per unit mass (mass absorption coefficient), orper atom (atomic absorption coefficient) of absorber, due to transfer of energy to the absorber. The totalabsorption coefficient is the sum of individual energy absorption processes (see Compton Effect,Photoelectric Effect, and Pair Production).Absorption Coefficient, Linear—A factor expressing the fraction of a beam of x- or gamma radiationabsorbed in a unit thickness of material. In the expression I=I o e -μx , I o is the initial intensity, I the intensityof the beam after passage through a thickness of the material x, and μ is the linear absorption coefficient.Absorption Coefficient, Mass—The linear absorption coefficient per cm divided by the density of theabsorber in grams per cubic centimeter. It is frequently expressed as μ/ρ, where μ is the linear absorptioncoefficient and ρ the absorber density.Absorption Ratio, Differential—Ratio of concentration of a nuclide in a given organ or tissue to theconcentration that would be obtained if the same administered quantity of this nuclide were uniformlydistributed throughout the body.Activation—The process of making a material radioactive by bombardment with neutrons or protons.Activity—The number of radioactive nuclear transformations occurring in a material per unit time (seeCurie, Becquerel). The term for activity per unit mass is specific activity.Activity Median Aerodynamic Diameter (AMAD)—The diameter of a unit-density sphere with thesame terminal settling velocity in air as that of the aerosol particle whose activity is the median for theentire size distribution of the aerosol.***DRAFT FOR PUBLIC COMMENT***
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DRAFTTOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE FORRADON
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RADONiiiUPDATE STATEMENTA Toxicolog
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RADONvFOREWORD This toxicological p
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RADONviiQUICK REFERENCE FOR HEALTH
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RADONixThe American College of Occu
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RADONxiCONTRIBUTORSCHEMICAL MANAGER
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RADONxiiiPEER REVIEWA peer review p
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RADONxvCONTENTSDISCLAIMER .........
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RADONxvii5. PRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPO
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RADONxixLIST OF FIGURES3-1. Concept
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RADONxxiLIST OF TABLES3-1. Selected
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RADON11. PUBLIC HEALTH STATEMENTThi
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RADON 31. PUBLIC HEALTH STATEMENT1.
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RADON 51. PUBLIC HEALTH STATEMENT1.
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RADON71. PUBLIC HEALTH STATEMENTAdd
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RADON92. RELEVANCE TO PUBLIC HEALTH
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RADON 112. RELEVANCE TO PUBLIC HEAL
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RADON 133. HEALTH EFFECTS3.1 INTROD
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RADON 153. HEALTH EFFECTSin 1 L of
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RADON 173. HEALTH EFFECTSselected d
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RADON 193. HEALTH EFFECTStoxicologi
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RADON 213. HEALTH EFFECTSTable 3-2.
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RADON 253. HEALTH EFFECTSvalue is s
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RADON 273. HEALTH EFFECTSassessment
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RADON 293. HEALTH EFFECTSsome cohor
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RADON 313. HEALTH EFFECTSAssessment
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RADON 333. HEALTH EFFECTS3.2.3 Derm
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RADON 373. HEALTH EFFECTSof water (
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RADON 393. HEALTH EFFECTSof the tox
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RADON 413. HEALTH EFFECTSand Strong
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RADON 433. HEALTH EFFECTSKinetics o
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RADON 453. HEALTH EFFECTSinitiating
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RADON 473. HEALTH EFFECTSDisease Re
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RADON 493. HEALTH EFFECTSpharmacody
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RADON 513. HEALTH EFFECTSFigure 3-1
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RADON 533. HEALTH EFFECTSHuman Resp
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RADON 613. HEALTH EFFECTSaction of
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RADON 633. HEALTH EFFECTS• For Ty
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RADON 653. HEALTH EFFECTSinterstiti
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RADON 673. HEALTH EFFECTSin the sto
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RADON 713. HEALTH EFFECTScoefficien
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RADON 733. HEALTH EFFECTSinformatio
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RADON 753. HEALTH EFFECTSdamage can
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RADON 773. HEALTH EFFECTSeliminatio
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RADON 793. HEALTH EFFECTSA biomarke
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RADON 813. HEALTH EFFECTSAssociatio
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RADON 833. HEALTH EFFECTSand/or die
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RADON 853. HEALTH EFFECTS3.12 ADEQU
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RADON 873. HEALTH EFFECTSintermedia
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RADON 893. HEALTH EFFECTSdata do no
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RADON 913. HEALTH EFFECTShigher reg
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RADON 934. CHEMICAL, PHYSICAL, AND
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RADON 954. CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL IN
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RADON 1015. PRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPO
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RADON 1035. PRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPO
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RADON 1056. POTENTIAL FOR HUMAN EXP
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RADON 1317. ANALYTICAL METHODSThe p
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RADON 1337. ANALYTICAL METHODSwhich
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RADON 1357. ANALYTICAL METHODSsimil
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RADON 1377. ANALYTICAL METHODSusing
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RADON 1397. ANALYTICAL METHODSTable
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RADON 1418. REGULATIONS, ADVISORIES
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RADON 1479. REFERENCES*ACGIH. 2007.
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RADON 1499. REFERENCESAmandus H, Co
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RADON 1519. REFERENCESAxelson O. 19
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RADON 1539. REFERENCES*Berger GS, e
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RADON 1559. REFERENCES*Brooks AL, R
Page 179 and 180: RADON 1579. REFERENCES*ChemIDplus.
Page 181 and 182: RADON 1599. REFERENCESCohen BL, Nel
Page 183 and 184: RADON 1619. REFERENCES*Cross FT, Pa
Page 185 and 186: RADON 1639. REFERENCESDuport P. 200
Page 187 and 188: RADON 1659. REFERENCES*EPA. 1997. S
Page 189 and 190: RADON 1679. REFERENCES*Evans HH, Me
Page 191 and 192: RADON 1699. REFERENCES*Fomon SJ. 19
Page 193 and 194: RADON 1719. REFERENCESGustavsson P,
Page 195 and 196: RADON 1739. REFERENCESHofmann W, Cr
Page 197 and 198: RADON 1759. REFERENCES*ICRP. 1978.
Page 199 and 200: RADON 1779. REFERENCES*Jonassen N.
Page 201 and 202: RADON 1799. REFERENCES*Krewski D, L
Page 203 and 204: RADON 1819. REFERENCESLeenhouts HP.
Page 205 and 206: RADON 1839. REFERENCESLubin JH. 199
Page 207 and 208: RADON 1859. REFERENCESMasse R, Cham
Page 209 and 210: RADON 1879. REFERENCESMoolgavkar SH
Page 211 and 212: RADON 1899. REFERENCES*Nazaroff W,
Page 213 and 214: RADON 1919. REFERENCES*NRC. 1991. C
Page 215 and 216: RADON 1939. REFERENCESPlacek V, Sev
Page 217 and 218: RADON 1959. REFERENCESRehman FU, Ja
Page 219 and 220: RADON 1979. REFERENCES*Sandler DP,
Page 221 and 222: RADON 1999. REFERENCESSolomon SB, O
Page 223 and 224: RADON 2019. REFERENCESSzőke I, Bal
Page 225 and 226: RADON 2039. REFERENCES*UNSCEAR. 200
Page 227 and 228: RADON 2059. REFERENCES*Wang RY, Chi
Page 229: RADON 2079. REFERENCESeds. Oxygen r
Page 233 and 234: RADON 21110. GLOSSARYAttenuation—
Page 235 and 236: RADON 21310. GLOSSARYCharged Partic
Page 237 and 238: RADON 21510. GLOSSARYDisintegration
Page 239 and 240: RADON 21710. GLOSSARYElectron—A s
Page 241 and 242: RADON 21910. GLOSSARYHalf-life, Rad
Page 243 and 244: RADON 22110. GLOSSARYLethal Concent
Page 245 and 246: RADON 22310. GLOSSARYOdds Ratio (OR
Page 247 and 248: RADON 22510. GLOSSARYRadiation—Th
Page 249 and 250: RADON 22710. GLOSSARYReproductive T
Page 251 and 252: RADON 22910. GLOSSARYTissue Weighti
Page 253 and 254: RADON A-1APPENDIX A. ATSDR MINIMAL
Page 255 and 256: RADON B-1Chapter 1Public Health Sta
Page 257 and 258: RADON B-3APPENDIX BLEGENDSee Sample
Page 259 and 260: RADON B-5APPENDIX B(18) Estimated U
Page 261 and 262: RADON B-7APPENDIX B***DRAFT FOR PUB
Page 263 and 264: RADON C-1APPENDIX C. ACRONYMS, ABBR
Page 265 and 266: RADON C-3APPENDIX CMCLMCLGMFMFOmgmL
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Page 269 and 270: RADON D-1APPENDIX D. OVERVIEW OF BA
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Page 275 and 276: RADON D-7APPENDIX Dcorresponds to e
Page 277 and 278: RADON D-9APPENDIX Dprogress to fibr
Page 279 and 280: RADOND-11APPENDIX DTable D-4. Weigh
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RADON D-13APPENDIX DICRP. 1984. Int
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RADON E-1APPENDIX E. INDEXabsorbed
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