ATSDR Draft Toxicological Profile for Radon_September 2008.pdf

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RADON 663. HEALTH EFFECTSFigure 3-6. Schematic Diagram of the NAS (1999b) PBPK Model Developed to Describe the Fate of Radon within Systemic TissuesIntakeExcretaLLI Cont ULI Cont Sl Cont St ContLLI Wall ULI Wall Sl Wall St WallPancreasLargeVeinsLiverSpleenPerfusedTissuesLung TissueAlveolarLargeArteriesRight HeartExhalationLeft HeartHeart WallSource: NAS 1999b***DRAFT FOR PUBLIC COMMENT***
RADON 673. HEALTH EFFECTSin the stomach wall of approximately 30% of that of the lumen. Parameter values for adults are presentedin Table 3-9. Values for blood flows were derived from Leggett and Williams (1991, 1995); volumes anddensities from ICRP (1990); and tissue:blood partition coefficients from Nussbaum and Hursh (1957).Parameter values for infants, children, and adolescents are also presented in NAS (1999b).Validation of the Model. The NRC model has been evaluated with data on deposition and clearance ofinhaled particulate aerosols and gases in humans and absorption of radon progeny (Correia et al. 1988;Crawford-Brown 1989; Harley and Robbins 1994; Harley et al. 1994; Hursh et al. 1965; NAS 1999b).Risk Assessment. The model has been used to establish the radiation dose (Sv) per unit of inhaled oringested radon (Bq) for ages 3 months to 70 years (NAS 1999b).Target Tissues. The model is designed to calculate radiation dose coefficients (Sv/Bq) corresponding toinhalation or ingestion exposures to radon. Dose coefficients for radon and progeny have been estimatedfor all major organs, including the bone surfaces, bone marrow, and liver, and other tissues (NAS 1999b).Species Extrapolation. The model is based on both human and animal data. However, it is intended forapplications to human dosimetry. Applications to other species would require consideration of speciesspecificadjustments in modal parameters.Interroute Extrapolation. The model is designed to simulate kinetics of inhaled or ingested radon.Extrapolation to other routes of external exposure would require modifications of the model to simulateabsorption from those routes.Khursheed (2000) ModelKhursheed (2000) developed a PBPK model for simulating absorption and distribution of ingested orinhaled radon gas (Figure 3-7). The model is similar in structure to the NRC (NAS 1999) model, with theaddition of a tissue compartment representing breast. The model has not had widespread use in riskassessment, relative to that of ICRP (1994b), RADEP, or the NRC (1999) models. Absorption of inhaledand ingested radon, and distribution to tissues, are simulated as flow-limited processes (i.e., tissueclearance equivalent to tissue blood flow) with parameters for tissue volumes, blood flow, andblood:tissue partition coefficients (Table 3-10). Values for blood flows were derived from Leggett andWilliams (1991, 1995); and tissue volumes were derived from ICRP (1990). Tissue:blood partition***DRAFT FOR PUBLIC COMMENT***
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DRAFTTOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE FORRADON
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RADONiiiUPDATE STATEMENTA Toxicolog
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RADONvFOREWORD This toxicological p
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RADONviiQUICK REFERENCE FOR HEALTH
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RADONixThe American College of Occu
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RADONxiCONTRIBUTORSCHEMICAL MANAGER
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RADONxiiiPEER REVIEWA peer review p
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RADONxvCONTENTSDISCLAIMER .........
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RADONxvii5. PRODUCTION, IMPORT/EXPO
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RADONxixLIST OF FIGURES3-1. Concept
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RADONxxiLIST OF TABLES3-1. Selected
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RADON11. PUBLIC HEALTH STATEMENTThi
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RADON 31. PUBLIC HEALTH STATEMENT1.
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RADON 51. PUBLIC HEALTH STATEMENT1.
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RADON71. PUBLIC HEALTH STATEMENTAdd
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RADON92. RELEVANCE TO PUBLIC HEALTH
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RADON 112. RELEVANCE TO PUBLIC HEAL
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RADON 133. HEALTH EFFECTS3.1 INTROD
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RADON 1176. POTENTIAL FOR HUMAN EXP
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RADON 1317. ANALYTICAL METHODSThe p
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RADON 1337. ANALYTICAL METHODSwhich
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RADON 1357. ANALYTICAL METHODSsimil
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RADON 1377. ANALYTICAL METHODSusing
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RADON 1397. ANALYTICAL METHODSTable
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RADON 1418. REGULATIONS, ADVISORIES
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RADON 1479. REFERENCES*ACGIH. 2007.
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RADON 1499. REFERENCESAmandus H, Co
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RADON 1519. REFERENCESAxelson O. 19
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RADON 1539. REFERENCES*Berger GS, e
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RADON 1559. REFERENCES*Brooks AL, R
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RADON 1579. REFERENCES*ChemIDplus.
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RADON 1599. REFERENCESCohen BL, Nel
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RADON 1619. REFERENCES*Cross FT, Pa
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RADON 1639. REFERENCESDuport P. 200
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RADON 1659. REFERENCES*EPA. 1997. S
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RADON 1679. REFERENCES*Evans HH, Me
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RADON 1699. REFERENCES*Fomon SJ. 19
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RADON 1719. REFERENCESGustavsson P,
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RADON 1739. REFERENCESHofmann W, Cr
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RADON 1759. REFERENCES*ICRP. 1978.
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RADON 1779. REFERENCES*Jonassen N.
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RADON 1799. REFERENCES*Krewski D, L
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RADON 1819. REFERENCESLeenhouts HP.
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RADON 1839. REFERENCESLubin JH. 199
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RADON 1859. REFERENCESMasse R, Cham
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RADON 1879. REFERENCESMoolgavkar SH
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RADON 1899. REFERENCES*Nazaroff W,
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RADON 1919. REFERENCES*NRC. 1991. C
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RADON 1939. REFERENCESPlacek V, Sev
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RADON 1959. REFERENCESRehman FU, Ja
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RADON 1979. REFERENCES*Sandler DP,
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RADON 1999. REFERENCESSolomon SB, O
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RADON 2019. REFERENCESSzőke I, Bal
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RADON 2039. REFERENCES*UNSCEAR. 200
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RADON 2059. REFERENCES*Wang RY, Chi
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RADON 2079. REFERENCESeds. Oxygen r
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RADON 20910. GLOSSARYSome terms in
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RADON 21110. GLOSSARYAttenuation—
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RADON 21310. GLOSSARYCharged Partic
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RADON 21510. GLOSSARYDisintegration
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RADON 21710. GLOSSARYElectron—A s
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RADON 21910. GLOSSARYHalf-life, Rad
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RADON 22110. GLOSSARYLethal Concent
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RADON 22310. GLOSSARYOdds Ratio (OR
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RADON 22510. GLOSSARYRadiation—Th
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RADON 22710. GLOSSARYReproductive T
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RADON 22910. GLOSSARYTissue Weighti
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RADON A-1APPENDIX A. ATSDR MINIMAL
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RADON B-1Chapter 1Public Health Sta
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RADON B-3APPENDIX BLEGENDSee Sample
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RADON B-5APPENDIX B(18) Estimated U
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RADON B-7APPENDIX B***DRAFT FOR PUB
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RADON C-1APPENDIX C. ACRONYMS, ABBR
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RADON C-3APPENDIX CMCLMCLGMFMFOmgmL
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RADON C-5APPENDIX C> greater than
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RADON D-1APPENDIX D. OVERVIEW OF BA
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RADON D-3APPENDIX D-0.693t/TradA =
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RADON D-5APPENDIX DMass, charge, an
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RADON D-7APPENDIX Dcorresponds to e
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RADON D-9APPENDIX Dprogress to fibr
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RADOND-11APPENDIX DTable D-4. Weigh
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RADON D-13APPENDIX DICRP. 1984. Int
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RADON E-1APPENDIX E. INDEXabsorbed
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