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Other indicatorsand switchesThe majority of the remaining indicators andswitches are self - explanatory. The indicatorsprovide useful feedback on potential problems ofdew on the drum, word clock errors, data errors,timecode level and sampling frequency. Switchesallow emphasis and copy guard to be switched onor off, selection of analogue or digital inputs,sampling frequency to 44.1 or 48 kHz, internal orexternal clock, normal or edit record mode(described below), and input level cal or uncal.UNCAL input level switches the CHAN1 and CHAN 2input level rotary controls into circuit.Input and outputperformanceFig 3 shows input common mode rejection, whichvaries from better than 70 dB at 50 Hz to about40 dB at 3 kHz (channel 2). As can be seen, thetwo channels differed by about 13 dB throughouttheir range. The input impedance measuresapproximately 20 kf2, varying little with recordlevel setting, meeting the specification. The recordlevel controls appear to be directly connected tothe inputs in the UNCAL mode, since it wasimpossible to overload the inputs.The RECORD LEVEL control had a sensible law,setting peak clipping level to +10 dBu at position10, increasing to +28 dBu at position 5 (centre).Perhaps a little more gain at maximum would beuseful. The BALANCE control provides only a smalladjustment from 0 to -2 dB, it is not a pancontrol. Fig 4 shows the level pot tracking error,which is typically 0.5 dB from an attenuationlevel of 7 dB downward, reaching a maximum ofabout 0.9 dB, an acceptable performance.There are three sets of outputs on the machine,all varying slightly in their performance. TheXLR balanced outputs provided a measuredoutput impedance of about 45 S2, adequately low.Maximum output level was +22 dBu into loadsdown to 600 R. The unbalanced monitor jacksockets have an output impedance of about 100 E2and operate at a level 6 dB below the mainoutputs. The phones output was not measured buthad ample drive to cause me to lift my 150 52headphones from my head in a hurry.NoiseAs Table 1 shows, noise performance is good,giving an RMS dynamic range over 22 Hz to22 kHz of about 91 dB without emphasis, rising toover 93 dB with emphasis on. These are the bestresults for any DAT machine to date. The infinityzero performance indicates that the machine maybe muting the DAC outputs when no signal ispresent. The ;- octave swept noise measurement onchannel 1 is most boring, revealing almost purewhite noise. Both channels were almost identical,though a bump in the noise output was visible onchannel 2 at 1.2 kHz which was only presentwhen the transport was running. This is shown inFig 5.In Fig 6 the modulation noise on channel 1 is102 Studio Sound, June 1989shown with input level at 20 Hz varying from-100 to -40 dB referred to maximum recordinglevel. It can be seen that this averages about2 dB, the difference between maximum andminimum curves, again the best performance yet.Channel 2 was the same, except it showed the1.2 kHz transport noise once again.Frequency responseand linearity errorsFig 7 shows the in -band record to playbackfrequency response of channel 1. This has amaximum error of < ±0.1 dB without emphasis,rising to ±0.15 dB with emphasis. Channel 2 wassimilar, once again an excellent performance. InFig 8, the out -of -band performance of the anti -aliasing filters is shown. Note that it is switchedaccording to the sampling rate.TABLE 1 Broadband noise measurements Channel 1(dB below maximum recording level)Infinityzero trackEmphasisonEmphasisoff22 Hz to 22 kHz, RMS 99.7 93.3 91400 Hz to 22 kHz, RMS 97.9 94.7 91.6CCIR 468.3, Unwtd, Q -peak 93.6 89.3 87.1CCIR 468-3, Wtd, Q -peak 87.4 83.5 80.4FIG. 3 INPUT CMRR 48Hz. WITH EMPHASIS- 300B-40dB504850dB- 70aB- 80dB- 00d8- 100dB20 100 lkFRFDUEN[Y IN XzFIG. 6 NOISE SPECTRUM- CHANNEL 2, NO EMPHASISNOISE LEVEL REFERRED TO MAXIMUM INPUT LEVEL ,AT 1kHzBELOW MAXREENIO LEVEL-8000-9088-179581748-11058-1308814058looFIG. O FREQUENCY RESPONSES48kHz SAMPLING FREQUENCY1 03510 ROSI0555,0458,0 258,0 oserolder-04IBr-2 659r0908,1158,IYFREQUENCY IX10 100 1kFRE00ENCY INMOTOR 0NzWITH EMPHASISWITHOUT EMPHASISXz10k70k105 25kt0kAp20kThe linearity of the converter systems is alsoexcellent as shown in Fig 9. Note that thelinearity is typically within ±0.5 dB down to100 dB below maximum recording level.Replay only stereo separation between left andright channels is better than 95 dB up to 1 kHz,falling 82 dB at 16 kHz. Fig 10 shows record toreplay separation, which is about 10 dB worse butstill the best performance of any DAT machine todate, though it does not meet the manufacturer'sspecifications of more than 80 dB over the wholeaudio band. Interchannel phase difference isalmost unmeasurable. Group delay is a typical600 is at low and mid frequencies, rising to about750 ps at 20 kHz. No problems here.DistortionFig 11 shows the replay only THD +N using adigitally -generated test tape recorded atmaximum level. Distortion is below 0.003% up to1 kHz, then rises to a maximum of 0.04% at20 kHz. Record to replay THD +N is almostidentical, rising more above 10 kHz to amaximum of 0.2% at 20 kHz. This is withinspecification up to 10 kHz.Quantisation distortion, shown in Fig 12 revealsthat bit weighting errors are small, confirmingthe excellent performance seen elsewhere.FIG. 4 INTERCHANNEL POT TRACKING ERROR7Aá81.5081.0480.s4B0048-0.549-1 049-'AO -880 -75.0 -305 -258 -700 -R0 -101 - -60 0.0TOTALATTENUATION d5rFIG.8 MODULATION NOISE USING 20Hz TONEVARYING IN LEVEL FROM - 100 TO -4048 BELOWOVERLOAD LEVELNOISE REFERRED TO OVERLOAD LEVEL400Hz HIGHPASS AND TRACKING 14 -OCTAVEBANDPASS ARE USED NO EMPHASIS, 48kHz. CHANNEL 1-N50dr-5555,-9oNr9508r10058r105010-11000a1508r12050,00 lkFREOUENCY INFIG. 8 ANTI -ALIASING ILOWPASSI FILTER RESPONSECHANNEL 1, NO EMPHASISRESPONSE OF THE FILTER IN 44.1, AND 48kHzSETTINGS ARE SHOWNATTENUATION0.008-1006-20183888ABM5088-6068-7066-BON-908810088l,tIIR141kNkMOM20k 15k 30k 35k 1.0kFREO0E181 IN XxXL10k45kApA P20k50V
At last, an intercom that solvesthe selectivity problem.The DILESS Selective "Touch Tone" Intercom is a full- duplex intercommunicationsystem. Each belt pack is equipped with a telephone -type keypad,which allows you to choose the other stations with which you want tocommunicate.Every kind of connection is possible: station -to- station, station -to -all,all -to -all, or any combination. Between 11 channels you can have up to 5simultaneous calls. You hear no unnecessary messages - only those whichconcern you directly.DILESS intercom is compatible with other systems currently in use.For further information, contact your local dealer, orw Telex:tDILESSDILESSLdMelkonkatuPhone: +358-0-679 271, Facsimile: + 358-0-671 91016 A, SF -00210 HELSINKI, FINLAND100 1825/Atm: DILESSExclusive distributors:Austria: Audiosales Tel. 0 22 36/26 123.Canada: Elnova (514) 364 2118.France: RegiScene (1) 43.96.50.50..l-fSpain: Fading, S.A., Madrid Tel. 408 67 00.Sweden: Intersonic Tel. 08 -744 58 50.U.K.: Elliott Bros. Oxford (0865) 249259.USA: Technical Projects, Inc. 1-800-562-5872.l\iii c Vie,,,,l%itt_i,',, ,- ail/,,ALLEN,HEATHMAINAGEENTSPrices from L62 1 4 + VATincluding Stand and Midi MuteProcessing SystemS Y S T Eau, d L. oI M3 Waterloo Road,Stockport, Cheshire SKI 3BD.Tel 061 -474 7626Fax 061 -474 7619SPlease contact AXIS AUDIO SYSTEMS for full colour brochure and /or to arrange demonstration.103
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June 1989STUDIOAND BROADCAST ENGINE
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